从浑源铜器看侯马铸铜作坊

1923年,山西省北部浑源县李峪村有一处铜器窖藏被发现,数十件青铜器先后入藏海内外博物馆。1957年,浑源铜器的可能产地在田野考古中发现,它就是南距浑源500公里,位于山西省南部侯马市的侯马铸铜遗址。1957年至1965年,侯马铸铜遗址共清理发掘了数千件带有精美花纹的泥质铸铜用具残件,其中包括陶范（图1）和其他铸具。相同的纹样把浑源铜器和其他地方出土的青铜器同侯马铸铜遗址联系起来。侯马在公元前六、五世纪是春秋五霸之一晋国的都城所在地,而浑源铜器之为前五世纪的晋国产品几乎是无疑的。本文论及的青铜器大都出自浑源,其中有…     

石门坎与花苗

译者按：威廉·哈兹佩斯,亦名王树德,英国传教士。他曾与柏格理等人营建威宁石门坎苗族宗教、教育中心。其所著（石门欢与花苗）,较真实地反映了近代末期黔、滇、川毗邻地区的民族状况,记叙了从20世纪初至30年代石门坎教会、教育的兴衰,是一份难得的文史资料。哈兹佩斯身为文学硕士,更从一名学者而不是传教士的角度纪实成文,较少宗教色彩。当然,由于历史的局限性,他的看法亦有许多不当之处,如以他当代西方的标准评价中国少数民族,又如把彝族疑为印欧语族部落……。1936年哈兹佩斯离开石门坎。逗留武汉期间抗日战争爆发,他因救助…     

论俄苏的法国大革命史学

论俄苏的法国大革命史学Ａ．Ｂ．阿多遗作申晨星译译者按：阿多教授逝世一周年,我曾写过一篇悼念文字,发在《史学集刊》１９９６年第３期（８月出版）,文中谈到我同他的交往和他在学术上的高深造诣。其中提及这样一件事：１９９５年我在俄国访学期间曾与他通信和面晤,...     

Population redistribution in Sweden--long term trends and contemporary tendencies

Long-term trends in the spatial distribution of the population of Sweden are analyzed in this study. "Two geographical levels, the national and the local, are analysed in a long term perspective, [from] 1750 until 1990. The measure of concentration used is the Hoover-index on [the] county level. Some major determinants affecting population distribution are stressed; demographic components, economic geographic conditions, socio-economic structure, attitudes and population policy. During the last few decades the traditional trend of population has been broken and one finding is that concentration and dispersion is going on simultaneously on the national and the local level."     

比金河流域考古考察的初步成果

这次对比金河流域的考察是按照1996年制定的滨海地区北部古代居民分布的综合研究计划,在“ФЦПИ”的资助下(编号752号),由俄罗斯科学院远东分院远东民族的历史、考古学、民族学研究所和国立乌苏里斯克师范学院的专家共同完成的。……     

The Liverpool cholera epidemic of 1832 and anatomical dissection--medical mistrust and civil unrest

Asiatic cholera reached Britain for the first time in late 1831, with the main epidemic occurring during 1832. The disease caused profuse diarrhea, severe dehydration, collapse, and often death. There was widespread public fear, and the political and medical response to this new disease was variable and inadequate. In the summer of 1832, a series of "cholera riots" occurred in various towns and cities throughout Britain, frequently directed against the authorities, doctors, or both. The city of Liverpool, in the northwest of England, experienced more riots than elsewhere. Between 29 May and 10 June 1832, eight major street riots occurred, with several other minor disturbances. The object of the crowd's anger was the local medical fraternity. The public perception was that cholera victims were being removed to the hospital to be killed by doctors in order to use them for anatomical dissection. "Bring out the Burkers" was one cry of the Liverpool mobs, referring to the Burke and Hare scandal four years earlier, when two men had murdered people in Edinburgh in order to sell their bodies for dissection to the local anatomy school. This issue was of special concern to the Liverpool citizenry because in 1826, thirty-three bodies had been discovered on the Liverpool docks, about to be shipped to Scotland for dissection. Two years later a local surgeon, William Gill, was tried and found guilty of running an extensive local grave-robbing system to supply corpses for his dissection rooms. The widespread cholera rioting in Liverpool was thus as much related to local anatomical issues as it was to the national epidemic. The riots ended relatively abruptly, largely in response to an appeal by the Roman Catholic clergy read from church pulpits, and also published in the local press. In addition, a respected local doctor, James Collins, published a passionate appeal for calm. The Liverpool Cholera Riots of 1832 demonstrate the complex social responses to epidemic disease, as well as the fragile interface between the public and the medical profession.