布氏穹顶

我只想表达我对美国《国家地理》交互杂志的热爱之情。电子版上的照片质量令人赞叹,可自由缩放,并从不同角度观看（譬如布氏穹顶这篇文章）。文章新奇有趣,还能方便地查看新闻和访问Instagram。     

浅议对防火规范中若干防排烟条款的探讨和建议

本文从《汽车库、修车库、停车场设计防火规范》及《人民防空工程设计防火规范》的有关条文规定出发,结合实际工作,探讨了防排烟设计中碰到的一些问题,包括排烟防火阀的设置、地下汽车库排烟方式的选择、自行车库及摩托车库的防排烟、机械排烟量的计算等问题,并提出了自己的理解和修改意见。     

Evolutionary theory and group selection: the question of warfare

Evolutionary anthropology has focused on the origins of war, or rather ethnocentricity, because it epitomizes the problem of group selection, and because war may itself have been the main agent of group selection. The neo-Darwinian synthesis in biology has explained how ethnocentricity might evolve by group selection, and the distinction between evoked culture and adopted culture, suggested by the emerging synthesis in evolutionary psychology, has explained how it might be transmitted. Ethnocentric mechanisms could have evolved by genetic selection in ancestral hominids, or through the interaction of genetic and cultural selection in modern humans, or both. The existence of similar behaviors in chimpanzees and the parallel development of early human societies around the globe are arguments for such inherited mechanisms. There may have been some adaptive breakthroughs in purely cultural evolution, but this process does not seem likely to produce long-term Darwinian adaptations because of the prolificity of cultural traits. Warfare may once have been a major agent of group selection, but the rates of extinction among human groups are so slow as to render this improbable since the rise of state-level societies, whose warfare tends to become a cyclical balance-of-power situation. Perhaps the most serious implication of current evolutionary thought is that the individualistic model of culture common in the social sciences and humanities is outmoded, and should be replaced by a new model that recognizes the organismic nature of human societies.     

South Africa: a legacy of family disruption

This article draws together unusual characteristics of the legacy of apartheid in South Africa: the state-orchestrated destruction of family life, high rates of unemployment and a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The disruption of family life has resulted in a situation in which many women have to fulfil the role of both breadwinner and care giver in a context of high unemployment and very limited economic opportunities. The question that follows is: given this crisis of care, to what extent can or will social protection and employment-related social policies provide the support women and children need?