GLOBAL HISTORY,ENTANGLED AREAS,CULTURAL CONTACTS–AND THE ANCIENT WORLD

正Intertwined Institutions:Slavery as an Example While Global History and Entangled History are nowadays very much focused on modern times,there is a central area in which ancient history has set the pace for research since the 18th century:slavery.Slavery was common in many parts of the world up to the 19th century,it connected regions that were far apart,and it had drastic repercussions on both the"delivering"and the"receiving"areas.The     

The Historical Evolution of American Policy Toward Tibet

Tibet is well known around the world today. The Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) is one of China's five ethnic minorities' autonomous regions. However, to some in the West, Tibet's political position seems open to dispute.It is obviously that no one can reach a proper understanding of this issue without consulting history. In ancient times, Tibet was a vague geographical concept to Western world, but it did witness competition between the great powers in modern times. Originally the so-called "Great Game" brought Russian and British monk-spies and, eventually, the British Indian army, into Lhasa. Then, during World War II, the US established the famous air transport     

慧眼 慧心 慧根——记香港收藏家徐展堂

Mr. Xu Zhantang, a successful businessman,is an outstanding collector and connoisseur in antiques,who is keen on the traditional Chinese culture.His remarkable judgement and rich collection have already become the modern legend.He devotes himself to the collection of antiques so much so that he raises fund and contributes antiques all around the world to set up exhibition halls.He made great contributions to the Chinese antique course and his activities are very influential.     

A Review of Celestial Burying Ground in Tibet

Celestial burying ground, also called "Mandala", is where life leaves and comes. A huge piece of stone hidden in high mountains is surrounded by burning plants that give up smoke going up into the air. The Tibetans believe in Buddhism and hold that life is endless. One life ends and this means the beginning of new life. In their eyes, body is merely the carrier of soul. When one life ends, the soul leaves the body that needs to be presented to the deities as     

Wu Jen-shu,Jibian liangmin： ehuantong Zhongguo chengshi qunzhong jiti xingdong zhi fenxi （Good Citizens Turning Rebel： Analyses of Urban Mass Collective Actions in Traditional China）

Scholars have long been interested in rebellions and revolution in Chinese history The interest has a real-world basis： China＇s long and turbulent past is a rich minefor academic study, and the country＇s seemingly endless conflicts and struggles in recent centuries give such study relevance to reality. For obvious reasons, most studies of Chinese rebellions and revolutions focus on rural society. Wu Jen-shu＇s Jibian liangmin is among relatively few works that devote attention to public, and often violent, expressions of displeasure in Chinese cities and towns before modern times.     

HIP-HOP DANCERS IN THE BARKHOR STREET

In comparison with my first visit to Lhasa,the transportation situation is now much improved.Taxies, rickshaws,buses and other means of public transport are almost up to expectations.Nevertheless,I prefer to walk instead.Sometimes I wander among the high-rise buildings in the west part of the city and at other times in the Barkhor Street that it is just like a maze on rainy days.Once, I strolled from the west part of the city to the Barkhor Street.This trip was just like changing time zones, from the mod...     

Discussion on the Symbolic Meanings of The Old Man and the Sea

The Old Man and the Sea is a novella which is created by American modern fictions writer Hemingway in 1952. And it is also the author＆#39;s last published novel during his lifetime. Once it appeared, it caused a strong international reper-cussions and set off a burst of＆quot;Hemingway hot＆quot;in literary circles at that time. It tells a story of Cuban fisherman Santiago who did not catch any fish in eighty-four sequential days. And at that case, he finally caught a big marlin by himself. But the fish is too big, he took three days to drag it exhausted and tied up in the side of his boat. However, fortune is fickle, he attacked by sharks repeatedly in the return journey. Finally, he returned to harbour with only a head, a tail and a spine of the fish. In such difficult conditions, Santiago went to sea again with a child.     

Conflict,Order, Harmony: The Modern Meaning of the Confucian Tradition

An examination of how a focus on the reading of traditional Confucian texts as a spiritual exercise can enable us to deal productively with modern understandings of the divergences among different ideals of human excellence.An investigation of such ideals has often focused on virtue discourse,but that discourse generates understandable suspicions in many people.A productive approach to these suspicions is to examine both the idea that new virtues (such as spiritual regret) are needed,and the notion that three distinctive modern emphases must play a central role in any contemporary consideration of the relationships among diverse ideals.After considering two kinds of principled opposition to this approach,we turn to Walter Benjamin's exemplary account of the huge gulf between modern and traditional understandings,and the possible aid some texts may offer in bridging it.Focusing on the distinctive operation of specific forms of presentation in the Confucian tradition,we conclude by investigating the idea that reading Confucian texts can be seen even today as an illuminating kind of spiritual exercise.     

Three Visits to Yamzhog Yumco Lake

The Yamzhog Yumco Lake is one of the three great holy lakes in Tibet. It is located in Nanggarze County in southern Tibet at an elevation of more than 4,400 meters. It covers some 800 square km and is the largest freshwater lake in the lake basin zone on the northern side of the Himalayas. In normal times, people visiting Yamzhog Yumco Lake take the route via the mountain of Gambalha to Nanggarze. On this route, people can only see a small part of the lake as they approach, and I have taken this route many times that I have lost interest. Moreover I wanted to see other aspects of the lake. Hence, I paid three visits to the Yamzhog Yumco Lake in 2004.     

Yanjin on the Tea-Horse Trade

Fetching salt water from wells, digging a saltwater pond, putting up salt shelters, and sun-drying the water to produce saltThis is the traditional way of making salt still adopted by many people in Yanjin.Yanjin in Mangkang County is so named to match the fact that the area is filled with yan (salt) jin (wells).During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), a county was set up here to supervise salt production. According to Records of Yanjin County, there were some 50 salt wells in Yanjin at that time. They     

施针成章法古取真——凌杼的刺绣艺术赏析

Lin Shu is a well known artist m the embroidery field. Her embroidery work is a typical representative of the gentlewoman style. She is a successor of the Gu group and excels in landscape, flower and bird, and figure. She embroiders with neat and small stitches and selfdyed threads, together with strict selections on colors and embroidery methods.     

Chinese Socialism as Vernacular Cosmopolitanism

This paper follows the life of an idea, a fundamental concept in modern Chinese intellectual life： socialism. It explores this idea as an alternative form of Chinese cosmopolitanism, drawing from Pheng Cheah＇s identification of two kinds of Chinese cosmopolitanism： mercantile and revolutionary. If part of what we mean by cosmopolitanism is the local use of an external, or international, or otherwise ＂independent＂ （relative to local power and practice） ideology or discourse to promote an agent＇s sense of social good at home and connection to the world, then the ways that socialist thought, ideology and praxis have been employed in China in the twentieth century constitute one such strain of cosmopolitanism. Shehuizhuyi （socialism） meant related but significantly different things to Chinese in the twentieth century. This essay argues that Chinese socialism can be viewed as a version of vernacular cosmopolitanism through two examples： Wang Shiwei in the 1940s and Deng Tuo in the 1960s, as well as the discourse of Pan-Asianism before and after the Mao era. Chinese socialism was as much a terrain of debate and contestation about what it means to be ＂Chinese and modern＂ as it was a shared vocabulary and set of aspirations. All along it has been able to play the role of cosmopolitan thought for some influential Chinese thinkers and doers--connecting China to the world in order to pursue universal values.     

The Tangut Xixia Collection of Buddhist Paintings——A preliminary survey of the current status of scholarship

Buddhism is central to understanding the globalized historical processes taking place in the Hexi Corridor,a region running northwest from the bank of the Yellow River up till the nowadays Xinjiang-Gansu border and being flanked by the Tibetan Plateau and the Gobi Desert to the south and north respectively.As part of the trade route networks conventionally designated as the Silk Road,the area has functioned as an important nexus linking China proper,China's Tibet and Central Asia in pre-modern times.Buddhism,as the region's backbone of pan-Asian importance,intermingled with the ups and downs of cultures and historical entities until the Islamic takeover.     

New Perspectives on the "Dao" of "Huidaomen": Redemptive Societies and Religion in Modern and Contemporary China

This essay uses research in Chinese religion,and specifically Chinese "redemptive societies," to challenge and enrich the received history of "sects and secret societies" in modern and contemporary Chinese history,and suggests that a future "history of cultivation movements" might be a helpful means to steer between competing narratives of state-building and personal religious experience.The discussion is illustrated with a brief biography of Li Yujie (1901-94),founder of the redemptive society Tiandijiao who devoted his life to cultivation and religion,but also to independent journalism and the Guomindang.     

Valuable Cultural Relics of Gesar Times Reappeared in Garze

In August,2011,Professor Wen Yucheng,Chinese famous archaeologist,former Director of the Institute of Luoyang Longrnen Grattoes,researcher at the Office for Cultural Relics Appraisement in China Cultural Relics Information Consulting Center,has identified some valuable cultural relics of the Gesar times,which are stored in the Kathok Monastery, Palyul County,Garze Prefecture,Sichuan Province. It is the third time for Professor Wen came to Garze and evaluated cultural relics of Buddhism and of the Gesar times.Before that,he had gone to Derge,Palyul, Denkhok,Garze and Chaggo in Garze to make field work on appraisement of the cultural relics of the Gesar times. Prof.Wen said,"In the hearts of Tibetans,King Gesar     

当代藏族文学的文化走向(英文)

Introduction"Tibetan literature"has its essential meanings and ethnic cultural connotations whether in ancient or modern times.Ethnic culture is the confluence of all the spiritual wealth of an ethnic group.It not only distinguishes an ethnic group from     

Solar Cookers for Fish Village

Collecting wood was areal pain in the fore-head. We used to goto the forest to collectwood thirty times or so eachwinter regardless of the snowor wind. We had to get up anhour or so after midnight andafter doing our chores wewould head off to the forest.We didn't return until dusk,"said Ms.Zhongcujia,aged 52and a resident of Niamu orFish Village,located in JiancaCounty,Malho TibetanAutonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Province,China. FishVillage is nestled on a denud-ed west-facing mountainslope.     

Through Tanggula

<正>This is the origin of three of the most famous rivers in China:the Yangtze River,River Lancangjiang and Nujiang. Here,the attempt by Genghis Khan to advance into the Indian subcontinent was thwarted and crushed. This is the gateway from Qinghai Province to Tibet and the natural boundary between the administrative regions of Qinghai and Tibet. This is also the highest point on four highways into Tibet:Sichuan-Tibet,Qinghai-Tibet,Yunnan-Tibet, and Xinjiang-Tibet,as well as the highest point on the highest railway in the world. It was more than 50 years ago that the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway(China National Highway 109)was begun.The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was opened in 2006.This was the most challenging section during the constructions(due to its high elevation). Between 1991 and 2009,I drove through Tanggula four times.     

Wedding Ceremony Unique to Chanang

Located in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, Chanang, some 130 km from Lhasa, is blessed with convenient transporta-tion networks and a longstanding culture. Despite modern progress, tradition still holds sway in some areas.A wedding party in Chanang generally lasts three days. On the first day, a number of people who are good at singing and dancing will be selected to greet the bride at her door. Relatives of the bride will come to offer their congratulations, too.On the second day, the bride leaves her home and enters that of the bridegroom at a suitable time chosen by divination. The