Research briefing

Although pharmacies play an important role in providing information and advice on health issues to lower income people in developing countries, the distribution of urban pharmacies is not balanced with respect to population distribution in some of the districts of Istanbul. This situation can severely limit the accessibility of pharmacy services to the people with lower socio‐economic background. A multiple regression analysis is used in order to find out the factors which affect the spatial distribution of pharmacies in Istanbul. The number of pharmacies in the districts considered is taken as the dependent variable and the number of hospital beds, physicians, population, employment, income, number of educated people and distance to the CBD are taken as independent variables. According to the results, the population of the districts and the number of educated people, physicians and hospital beds are the most important factors affecting the location of pharmacies in Istanbul. The other variables are not found significant in affecting the location of pharmacies at the metropolitan level. Suggestions are made for better distribution of pharmacies and for further research.     

European briefing

The objective of this article is to shed light on the main financial elements related to the last enlargement of the European Union (EU), which is the largest in its history. In their methodological assessment and analysis the authors identify the main financial impacts, in terms of trade flows, and also expenditures and contributions to the EU budget, while they make estimations for financing needs of main EU policies in the light of the next financial framework. Negotiations of the next financial framework for the EU, are going to be difficult, especially with ten new Member States joining in 2004. The authors are of the opinion that the financial pressures and also the need to sufficiently finance EU policies constitute the main factors which will determine the functions of the EU financial system in future. Enlargement poses also a severe challenge for EU structural and cohesion policies, the implications of which should be considered in designing the actions of the new financial framework from 2007 onwards.     

清水河县牛龙湾遗址调查简报

1998年7月中旬,为配合万家寨水库工程建设,在清水河县岔河口遗址进行考古发掘期间,对周边地区进行了考古调查,在窑沟乡牛龙湾村南发现了一处古文化遗址。现将调查情况简报如下。 一、地理位置与遗址慨况 牛龙湾遗址位于清水河县西部,南流黄     

《八千卷楼书目》考

<八千卷楼书目>是清代藏书家丁丙八千卷楼的藏书总目,因是无解题的简目,对其的研究也较少.本文爬罗史料,特别借助南京图书馆藏稿本<八千卷楼藏书目>,分析了该稿本与<八千卷楼书目>通行本的异同,进而探讨了<八千卷楼书目>编纂经过,指出<八千卷楼书目>是经不断修改增删汇集的结果,而且其体例与丁氏藏书楼的建置、丁氏补抄<四库全...