俄罗斯英雄城市 圣彼得堡

正圣彼得堡是俄罗斯的第二大城市,位于波罗的海芬兰湾东岸,跨涅瓦河口三角洲,有100多个岛屿组成,人口495万。96条河道,342座桥梁纵横交错,还有21座开合桥闸,方便船只通过主要航道。是西北联邦区驻地,列宁格勒州首府。彼得堡罗要塞修建于1703年5月在涅瓦河口的兔儿岛上,并将要塞及其周围未来的城区命名为"圣彼得堡"。1924年改名为列宁格勒,1992年恢复现名。     

Pressures on Urban Water Resources in Russia: The Case of St. Petersburg

An American geographer evaluates the process of water resources planning and management in the city of St. Petersburg, Russia, based on regional government documents, interviews with local water management officials, and follow-up field observations in 2007. St. Petersburg is a microcosm for challenges to assessing and managing water resources in urban environments in transition economies more broadly, and thus the present study yields insights into obstacles confronting water planners in many large cities in the post-Soviet realm, and augments the body of empirical data on the impacts of economic transition on environmental management. 3 figures, 46 references.     

Economic Policy in Post-Soviet St. Petersburg

The paper assesses the efforts of regional government officials in St. Petersburg, a city heavily dependent on the defense sector, to transform its economic base after the fall of communism. It describes how the strategy initially favored in the early 1990s (the development of St. Petersburg as an international business center based largely on foreign investment) fell well short of expectations. The author then examines the results thus far from an alternative strategy, following the election of a new mayor in 1996, that focuses on the revival of the city's industry and the promotion of trade. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F21, H71, L52, O20. 59 references.     

The history of neurology in St. Petersburg

This article expounds the history of the formation and development of neurology in St. Petersburg and emphasizes the original character of St. Petersburg school of neurology. The authors state that many prominent neurologists of St. Petersburg dedicated their work to the development of neurological concepts and have made an important contribution to different areas of neurology, including vascular and demyelinating diseases, diseases of the peripheral nervous system, neuroinfections, epilepsy, etc.     

Crime, Courts, and Police

Robert P. Rhodes, The Insoluble Problems of Crime Martin A. Levin, Urban Politics and the Criminal Courts Douglas J. Rosenthal, Lawyer and Client: Who's in Charge? William Ker Muir, Jr., Police: Streetcorner Politicians