二十世纪二三十年代中国农村经济调查与研究评述

农村始终是中国现代化建设最广阔、最深厚的基础,因此关于农村调查及发展研究倾注了几代中国人的心血。20世纪上半叶尤其二三十年代的中国农村调查与研究主要有：晏阳初、梁漱溟的乡村建设试验区以及社会学家李景汉的定县调查;陈翰笙领导的保定、无锡农村重点调查和全国性抽查;国民政府首次以国家机关名义进行的农村经济普查与定期统计。此外,还有南京金陵大学美国人卜凯组织的大规模的农村调查和日本人“满铁”的华北农村调查。这些农村调查的目的不一。深浅有别。但客观卜都为日后的中国农村经济研究留下了颇有价值的资料。     

近代地方文化的跨地域性——20世纪二三十年代粤剧、粤乐和粤曲在上海

上海自开埠以来,吸引了大批来自广东的商人,他们在沪上陆续建立起各种同乡、同业和其他文娱组织,赞助举办各种粤剧、粤乐和粤曲活动。1920—1930年代,粤剧、粤乐和粤曲在上海一方面吸纳了其他剧种和音乐文类的特色而在许多方面发生了关键性的变化;另一方面,其本来不一定十分明显的地域标签,也在这种特殊的情境中得到强化。当时粤乐的创作和实践活动,更是在一个探索何谓“国乐”的大语境中进行的。此外,在上海兴起的时代曲,也为粤曲注入了新的调子,至30—40年代,新兴的国语时代曲被大量地引进粤曲之中;而粤曲的粤方言特色,也在这个时候得到前所未有的发挥。从20—30年代粤剧、粤乐和粤曲在上海的发展可见,近代中国“地方文化”的特性,往往是在一个跨地域的情景中塑造和凸显的。     

五六十年代浙东民间的儿童游戏与赌博

小时候,赌博纯粹是一种游戏。 儿时的游戏方式随年岁增大逐步转变。 这篇随笔记录的是我儿时与小伙伴的游戏与赌博。我是在浙东绍兴地区曹娥江边的一个小镇——章镇长大的,因而透过这篇随笔,读者可以感受到五六十年代浙东民间儿童游戏的一些习俗。     

论1950-1970年代的美泰关系

1950—1970年代的美泰关系与亚洲冷战密切相关。亚洲冷战格局形成后,两国逐步结成双边同盟,在美国侵越战争期间密切合作。20世纪70年代初,美国根据全球和国内形势的变化调整亚洲政策,致使美泰关系由盛转衰。     

Race,culture, and national identity

Wade, Peter. Blackness and Race Mixture: The Dynamics of Racial Identity in Colombia. Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993. xv + 415 pp. including appendices, references, and index. $58.00 cloth.

Wetherell, Margaret and Jonathan Potter. Mapping the Language of Racism: Discourse and the Legitimation of Exploitation. New York: Columbia University Press, 1992. ix + 246 pp. including appendices, references, and index. $45.00 cloth, $15.00 paper.     

二十世纪一二十年代沿海城市社会文化观念变动评析

20世纪一二十年代沿海地区,随着清王朝的覆灭、民国的建立,尤其是新化运动的兴起,城市知识群体和市民阶层的社会价值观念发生了变革;以性别平等观念和妇女解放为标志,平等自由的精神开始渗入到社会伦理观念之中;在生活习俗方面,社会风俗观念发生明显变化;反映市民阶层需求的大众化逐步形成。     

中国现代性视野中的文化哲学——论中国20世纪30—40年代对斯宾格勒的接受与转换

德国化哲学家斯宾格勒(Oswald Spengler,1880—1936)构思了一套具有悲观色彩的化哲学。在20世纪20年代初期,斯氏的学说就被留学德国的中国青年学生介绍到中国。对当时中国颇为热闹的“东西方化论战”提供了一种理论上的参照①。30—40年代,整个世界的状况和中国特有的民族国家危机,     

Looking back: the Cotswolds and English national identity, c. 1890–1950

This paper examines how history was appropriated to construct a unique regional identity for the Cotswolds and a national identity for England in the period c. 1890 to 1950. It explores how ideas of the past, tradition, history, longevity and (dis)continuity were woven into representations of the Cotswolds as incontiguous, set apart and remote in time from contemporary England. The analysis examines how the apparently whimsical devise of «locating» the Cotswolds in specific pasts was mobilized to mount serious criticisms of the condition of England and Englishness. This was achieved through the use of the «door ajar» motif which was a particularly powerful means of expressing the perceived disruption of historical continuity in both the Cotswolds and England and is therefore examined at length. These themes are explored through non-fictional rural writing, guides and other written representations.     

Myxomatosis in 1950s Britain

In 1953 myxomatosis, a viral disease of rabbits, broke out inBritain for the first time. It rapidly killed tens of millionsof the animals from Kent to the Shetlands. Many farmers andforesters welcomed a disease that virtually eliminated a long-standingand serious agricultural pest. Others were horrified by thesight of thousands of dead and dying animals. With meat stillrationed, consumers rued the loss of a cheap and nutritiousfoodstuff. Rough shooters deplored the loss of prey and hattersand furriers the unavailability of the fur on which their businessesdepended. Rabbits also had champions within the ‘establishment’;these included Winston Churchill who was personally influentialin making deliberate transmission of the disease a criminaloffence. The arrival in Britain of myxomatosis presented theauthorities with difficult questions: should they try to containit, spread it or do nothing; should they take advantage of rabbitdepopulation and try to exterminate such a destructive animal?In the event the outbreak was allowed to run its course andrabbit extermination became government policy. This articleconsiders who or what was responsible for the disease reachingthe UK and how it then spread throughout the country. It examinesthe responses of government, other institutions and membersof the public. Finally, it explores the impact of rabbit de-populationon agriculture, the natural environment and public opinion.