经济发展与住宅市场异速增长时空格局及其形成机理——以长三角地区为例

住宅具有重要的社会稳定功能,其市场发展状况与经济增长关系是实现城市更高质量发展和畅通国内大循环的关键。本文以GDP表征经济发展,住宅价格和租金表征住宅市场发展状况,利用空间变差函数、异速增长模型和增强回归树模型探究2008—2018年长三角地区三者的时空格局及演化机理。研究表明：(1)长三角地区城市经济规模、住宅价格和住宅租金空间格局具有较强的稳定性,呈现出“一极多核”形态。(2)在纵向和横向异速上,经济规模—住宅价格、经济规模—住宅租金均以负异速增长为主,前者异速增长系数多高于后者。(3)在影响三者异速增长的因素中,科技发展水平、财政投入水平、城市人口规模、设施供给水平、产业发展水平和城乡收入差距是经济规模与住宅市场异速增长的主导因素;经济、人口、社会和行政等因素影响的差异性,在预期因素的催化下,使经济规模—住宅价格异速增长高于经济规模—住宅租金。     

租购同权”政策对学区房溢价的影响研究——基于空间特征价格模型的广州实证

在公共服务对住房市场的影响研究领域,学校质量的资本化效应一直是重要话题。本文借鉴边界固定效应思路,使用广州市2016和2019年136所重点小学周边学区房与相邻非学区房的配对面板数据,利用空间特征价格模型定量测度了不同质量等级教育资源的资本化效应,使用双重差分模型检验了“租购同权”政策对重点小学学区房房价和租金溢价的影响。研究结果表明：①广州市教育质量已部分资本化于住房价格和租金之中,且教育资源越优质,资本化程度越高。②“租购同权”政策的实施,并未带来学区房房价和租金溢价的显著变化。③“租购同权”政策对不同质量等级的重点小学学区房房价影响存在异质性,政策实施后省级重点小学的学区房溢价上升,区级重点小学的学区房溢价下降。④“租购同权”政策对于不同区域重点小学学区房房价和租金溢价的影响无显著差异。本文的研究结论可以为制定教育资源供给与配置的均衡化和公平性政策提供参考。     

性别、种族、男性气概：再读二战之前美国本土华人历史

美国自快速工业化后,男性白人因失去手工业时代的支配地位而对外来移民和少数族群采取仇视的态度,将男性华人视如女性而置之于权力边缘。美国华人可说是在性别分化的机制运作之下,经历了种族歧视。男性华人尝试藉由抗争罢工、司法诉讼等方式争取尊严,这些行动虽然不一定都产生了良好效果,但从中我们可以看到美国华人男性气概的形成过程。本文主要以现存美国本土华人研究的二手资料为基础,以性别为关注点,力图重新给男性华人以不同的定位,从而使美国华人的研究更加完整。     

The ‘Linchpin for Success’? The problematic establishment of the 1965 Race Relations Act and its Conciliation Board

The 1965 Race Relations Act was the first legislation directed towards outlawing racial discrimination and racial incitement in Britain; but it has been almost universally criticised as weak, narrow and ineffectual. This article focuses on an area not adequately discussed in the existing literature—the debate about, and impact of, replacing initial criminal sanctions with American-styled conciliation and civil remedies, and subsequent creation of conciliation machinery. It argues that the protracted process of forming this Board had a greater impact upon the Act’s success than has been previously acknowledged, as it demonstrated the bipartite lack of desire to address the politically unpopular issue of race and immigration, thus creating further disillusionment towards the British state. Rather than being the ‘last step’ in such legislation, as desired by many at the time, its weaknesses and limitations stimulated criticism and increased political action, leading to subsequent broader legislation in future years.     

城市住宅市场价格系统动力学模型实证研究

城市住宅市场价格影响因素复杂,必须用系统思想才能准确预测模拟其发展趋势。文章结合对兰州市住房市场的实证研究,从理论和实践两方面构建了城市住宅市场价格系统动力学仿真模型,并借助计算机利用系统动力学软件对模型进行了调试和分析,得到了比较令人满意的结果。认为,城市住宅价格系统动力学模型在以下三方面有较大的推广应用价值:①房地产市场趋势仿真模拟;②房地产政策研究和决策分析;③城市住宅市场系统内在机制研究。     

美国华人争取公立教育平权第一案:泰普诉赫尔利案之背景、过程与意义

论文梳理了美国华人争取教育平权第一案——泰普诉赫尔利案的产生背景、审理过程、后续发展及影响。虽然泰普胜诉后,受到旧金山教育行政当局的极力阻挠,仍未能进入白人公立学校,但泰普案改变了华人消极维权的刻板印象,激励华人教育平权斗争的策略向法律诉讼转变,敦促美国设立第一所持久性的华人公立小学,提高了旧金山华人儿童的入学率。泰普案的发生距今已逾百年,在这百余年间,美国华人群体的公共形象经历了巨大转变,他们对教育公平的追求和探索从未停歇,华人为争取平权所做出的努力不应被忽视。     

The Precarity of Young People’s Housing Experiences in a Rural Context

Young people’s housing, economic and labour market circumstances have become increasingly insecure due to the combined effects of the 2007/2008 economic crisis, neoliberal welfare reforms, rising costs of higher education and the shortage of affordable housing. Discussions of young peoples’ experiences in these domains have largely neglected their spatial variability but evidence suggests that young people living in rural parts of the UK have distinctive experiences of housing, which are closely connected to labour markets and educational opportunities. By drawing on qualitative data from young people and housing professionals, this article explores some of these rural distinctions and frames them within theoretical debates about the ‘precariat’. It argues for a more theoretically informed and geographically nuanced understanding of contemporary housing issues as rural youth potentially face greater precarity than their urban peers.     

American home: Predatory mortgage capital and neighbourhood spaces of race and class exploitation in the United States

Predatory home mortgage lending has become a central concern for housing research, public policy and community activism in US cities. Regulatory attempts to stop abuses, however, are undermined by claims that ‘predatory’ cannot be defined or distinguished from legitimate subprime lending, and claims that the industry performs a public service by meeting the needs of low‐income, high‐risk consumers (many of them racially marginalized) who would have been denied credit in previous years. We evaluate these claims in historical‐geographical context, drawing on David Harvey's theory of class‐monopoly rent to analyse what is new (and what is not) in contemporary financial exploitation. We use a mixed‐methods approach to (1) provide econometric measures of subprime racial targeting and disparate impact that cannot be blamed on the supposed deficiencies of borrowers, (2) qualitatively assess the rationale for judging particular subprime practices and lenders as predatory, and (3) trace the connections between local practices and transnational investment networks. The fight against predatory lending cannot succeed, we argue, without a renewed analytical and strategic emphasis on the class dimensions of financial exploitation and racial‐geographical discrimination.     

亚裔美国史学五十年:反思与展望

回顾和检讨亚裔美国史学在过去半个世纪里所走过的道路可以发现,早期亚裔美国史学中一个最突出的问题是以意识形态为主导的一元论历史观。在近30年的时间里,学者大都仅仅从"种族歧视"这一个角度去诠释历史事件,反对从其他视野去观察亚洲移民的经历。不过,最近15年来,这个领域中出现了冲破一元论历史观束缚的趋势。新一代学者提出了白人、黑人和亚裔之间三角形关系的论点,从而否定了"有色对白种"的双重种族关系理论模式。从"跨国主义"的视野观察亚裔美国史的人认为,亚洲移民实际上具有双重的民族主义和双重文化认同,从而向"同化论"、"定居者"论和"美国化"论提出了挑战。他们还发现,日本人向美国移民和日本帝国主义的海外扩张之间有着密不可分的关系。这些新动向标志着亚裔美国史学正在逐步走向成熟。     

Freedom of speech and racial vilification in Australia: ‘The Bolt case’ in public discourse

This article examines the public discourse that emerged in the aftermath of the 2011 decision of the Federal Court of Australia in Eatock v Bolt. We characterise the narrative of ‘the Bolt case’ as a ‘mobilising discourse’ that countered rather than echoed the decision itself. This discourse had three main messages: encouraging scepticism about the authenticity of fair-skinned Aboriginal persons and judgment by non-Aboriginal persons about the legitimacy of Aboriginal identity according to skin colour; questioning the legitimacy of racial vilification laws and strengthening a libertarian conception of freedom of speech. We explain how such a contrary discourse became dominant in the wake of a successful racial vilification action and consider the implications of these events.

本文研究了2011年澳大利亚联邦法庭就伊脱克诉博尔特案做出判决后的公众议论。博尔特案的叙事属于“动员话语”,是对判决的反弹而非反响。该话语主要包括三个信息：鼓励对浅肤色原住人士的真实性的质疑,鼓励由非原住人士根据肤色判定原住民身份的合法性;质疑种族诽谤法的合理性;支持言论自由的观念。笔者解释了何以这种矛盾的话语盛行于一次成功的种族诽谤行动之后,并讨论了这些事件的影响。     

教育资源配置对住房价格影响的时空差异研究——以35个大中城市为例

本文以2002—2017年35个大中城市为数据基础,借鉴Rosen-Roback城市空间均衡模型,测度大中城市教育资源对住房价格的影响差异性。研究发现:(1)控制其他变量后,教育事业费支出水平每提高1%,住房价格水平平均上涨0.156个百分点;(2)空间维度上,沿海城市的教育资源对住房价格的影响,显著小于内陆城市;而政治级别的差异在大中城市间的影响较小;(3)时间维度来看,教育资源对住房价格的影响在各时期都是显著存在的,表明教育资源的影响具有长期累积特征;从影响程度绝对值来看,影响系数具有随时间递减的特征。     

基于经济学基础的酒店收益管理研究

收益管理是近年来在服务行业应用广泛的一种新型管理模式,收益管理给国外许多酒店带来明显的效益增长,因而成为酒店经营研究中被学者持续关注的热点问题。在我国酒店业,收益管理还是一个较新的概念,收益管理研究的发展尚处于起步阶段,酒店企业全面应用收益管理的实践甚少,本文将结合国内外收益管理的研究现状,分析收益管理的经济学基础,为我国酒店业实施收益管理提供一种新思路和借鉴。