Ancient DNA for the Archaeologist: The Future of African Research

Ancient DNA analyses are increasingly popular in archaeology. With the exception of Egypt, the African continent has been grossly understudied using these techniques. We review the state of ancient DNA research on Africa, ancient DNA analysis techniques, and common pitfalls in these studies. We provide recommendations for archaeologists interested in collecting and interpreting ancient DNA data.     

全新世气候事件及其对古文化发展的影响

全新世以来,气候和环境经历了多次变化幅度大、持续时间长、影响范围广的气候事件;同时,人类社会也经历了古代文明社会兴起与衰落阶段。本文主要以三个具体事例初步探讨了全新世气候事件对早期人类社会及其古文化的影响     

吴文化与古代民族融合

秦汉之际夷越各族基本完成了夏化过程,这与吴文化的发展轨迹紧密相联。     

希腊文明与古代奥林匹克运动会

古代奥林匹克运动会是古希腊为祭祀宙斯神举办的全民族体育盛会,是古希腊民族精神的体现和民族团结的纽带。希腊文明的宗教信仰、民族性格、地理环境、城邦政治等因素孕育并产生了古代奥林匹克运动会,反过来,古代奥林匹克运动会又丰富和深化了人们对希腊文明的理解。     

Archaeology, Development and Conflict: A Case Study from the African Continent

Apart from wars, other contexts of social conflict have recently become a setting in which archaeologists are faced with acute, sometimes armed, violence. On the African continent, a region often overlooked in discussions of “archaeology in conflict”, rapid economic development has led to several such scenes. The paper discusses a particularly poignant example from the Middle Nile valley in Sudan, where large dam projects have been met with various levels of opposition by affected populations. Local communities opposing the construction of further planned dams on the Nile are increasingly stressing ‘cultural survival’ and fear of ‘developmental genocide’ as two of their major motivations for fighting these projects. Assuming a close link between the developer and archaeological salvage missions, affected people have started to use the expulsion of salvage teams from their territory as a strategy of resistance—posing an ethical dilemma for the archaeologists who struggle to find a position in the increasingly violent controversies accompanying these contested development projects.     

设馆修史与中华文化的传承

一、中国史学发展的两大途径中华民族是历史意识发达的民族。相传夏代有史官终古 ,殷代有史官向挚。西周以后 ,见于典籍记载的著名史官便代不乏人。如宗周有史官史佚、周任、史伯、内史过等 ,春秋时期 ,晋有史臣董狐 ,齐有太史南史 ,《周礼·春官·序官》载有太史、小史、内史、外史、御史之职。古代的著名经典《尚书》是最早的官方历史文献的汇集。春秋时期有“百国春秋” ,见于《墨子·非命中》篇。为孟子所称道的晋之《乘》 ,楚之《杌》 ,鲁之《春秋》 ,即是各国史书中之尤为著名者。再其后 ,《竹书纪年》是战国后期魏国史官撰成的编年…