赵尚志枪杀抗日英雄“小白龙”的真相及其严重恶果

赵尚志抗日之功不可磨,然其为何杀害党内同志,实在值得深思。"小白龙"是谁我第一次听说"小白龙"(即苏衍仁)及传闻是在1963年,记得那是在黑龙江省东部的林口县奎山公社中山阳村采访。上了点年纪的乡亲们说:从张作霖时代到伪满到东北光复———赶走日寇后的三年大剿匪——我党为建立与巩固东北根据地而进行的大规模剿匪斗争胜利,这一带一直闹胡子———     

浅析解放战争时期北满地区剿匪组织动员工作

解放战争时期,北满地区匪患严重。而建设稳定的后方根据地对于中共来说至关重要。能否彻底剿除土匪,肃清北满地区匪患问题成为中共在东北站稳脚跟的关键。因此,党在北满地区在组织剿匪部队清剿土匪的同时,通过组织工作团、组建基本群众武装、构筑群众剿匪机构等方式组织动员群众进行剿匪斗争,形成强大的剿匪组织网络,成为人民战争中的重要链条。这也为中共最终消灭东北地区匪患,整合东北地区资源,改善东北地区政治生态起到了重要的作用。     

父亲陈松岳的革命之路

正陈松岳(1908—1970),原名陈嵩岳,湖南茶陵县思聪岭下村人。1926年1月参加革命。1927年12月参加广州起义。1930年3月加入中国共产党。参加五次反"围剿"战斗,历经长征。参加了南泥湾大生产运动。解放战争时期参加了辽沈战役及东北剿匪、湘西剿匪等战斗。新中国成立后,曾任长沙军分区副司令员、湘潭军分区第一任司令员、湖南省军区兵役局副局长、湖南省体育委员会副主任、湖南省农林垦殖局副     

我所亲历的山海关保卫战

1945年10月25日,山海关保卫战打响了.这是在辽沈战役之前我军抗击国民党军队进攻东北的第一役。在敌强我弱的情况下,我军坚守22天,完成了上级交给的任务,主动撤离山海关。山海关保卫战打乱了蒋介石争夺东北的战略计划,为党中央、中央军委"进军东北、争取东北"赢得了宝贵时间,为东北后来的大决战打下了伏笔。本文根据亲自指挥该战的原冀热辽部队十九旅旅长张鹤鸣撰写的遗作整理而成。     

日本对华"武装移民"政策及其战略目的

"九·一八"事变,日本武装占领中国整个东北之后,日本关东军、日本政府便开始积极策划向中国东北推行"武装移民"的侵略政策.到1937年日本实施"百万户移民"之前,先后向中国东北"武装移民"五次.日本"武装移民"的战略目的,就是要用日本移民来壮大日本在中国东北的实力,配合日本关东军镇压东北抗日武装,加强殖民地统治,达到长期霸占的目的.     

杨子荣请战讲《三国》

杨子荣,解放战争初期在东北林海雪原剿匪战斗中,以大无畏的精神,智取了威虎山,活捉了匪首座山雕,成为中外闻名的英雄人物。但是,他在请战过程中,有一段鲜为人知的趣事。     

南京国民政府行政督察专员制度的创设

1932年4月,蒋介石有意突破省县二级制,在江苏、浙江、安徽增设行政督察专员公署。由于各省所拟规制各异,内政部为求划一,拟订《行政督察专员暂行条例》,经行政院修正通过。但蒋介石以"剿匪"省区情形特殊,另颁《"剿匪"区内各省行政督察专员公署组织条例》。在行政督察专员制度创设之初,出现两种规制并行的局面。     

清代知县剿匪面面观——以广东三知县剿匪故事为中心

本文以清代广东三位知县的剿匪故事为中心,揭示了清代基层社会"匪"、"绅"、"官"的关系,为深入认识清代上层政权控制基层社会的实况、深入认识清代基层社会控制体系——上层政权控制与乡村社会自身控制的连接,做出了有益的研究和贡献。     

新中国第一台康拜因采煤机和司机宋继武

迎着解放战争和东北剿匪的炮火硝烟,在中共中央政治局常委、合江省委书记张闻天和省长李范五的直接领导下,双鸭山矿务局于1947年7月1日正式成立,开始步人“自力更生、以矿养矿,增加生产,支援前线”的发展新中国矿业的艰苦征程。     

论解放前后东北土地占有关系的变革及其积极作用

在日本对东北的殖民统治和封建剥削制度的压迫下,农村存在大量的"公地"和庞大的雇农阶层,成为东北土地占有关系的典型特征.抗战胜利后,中国共产党在东北解放区通过分配"公地"、 反奸清算、平分土地等措施,实现了"耕者有其田"和土地所有权的转移,满足了包括雇农在内的广大农民对土地的迫切要求,实现了东北土地占有关系的历史性变革.这个变革不仅进一步巩固和扩大了东北解放区,为全国解放战争的胜利提供了人力、物力、财力等全面的支持,而且也为东北地区新民主主义政治、经济、文化的发展奠定了基础.     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

The Chemists' Style of Thinking

Der Denkstil der Chemiker. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Tragfähigkeit des Begriffes “Denkstil”, wie er von Alistair Crombie eingeführt und Ian Hacking aufgegriffen wurde, für das Verständnis dessen, wie das Fach Chemie historisch seine Identität ausgeprägt hat. Obwohl weder Crombie noch Hacking den Begriff “Denkstil” in Bezug auf einzelne Disziplinen verwendet haben, erscheint im Fall der Chemie seine Anwendung besonders vielversprechend, weil er hier hilft, ein zentrales Problem zu thematisieren – nämlich die Frage, wie es Chemikern trotz wechselnder Gegenstandsbereiche und theoretischer Umbrüche gelang, eine eigenständige und stabile Identität auszubilden. Nach einer Einführung in den Begriff “Denkstil”, argumentiert der Aufsatz, dass die Beständigkeit der Chemie als eines Faches wesentlich in ihren Laborpraktiken gründet, die ihrerseits wiederum die spezifische Art der Fragen bestimmten, die Chemiker in ihren Forschungen stellten bzw. die Form der Antworten, nach denen sie suchten. Folgende Merkmale kennzeichnen diesen “chemischen Denkstil” (1) eine spezifische, im Herstellen begründete Form des Wissens, (2) die Befassung mit einzelnen Stoffen und Materialien statt mit Materie im Allgemeinen und (3) eine Beobachtung von Natur besonders im Hinblick auf Transformationsprozesse. The Chemists' Style of Thinking. This paper discusses the relevance of the notion of “styles of scientific thinking” introduced by Alistair Crombie and revisited by Ian Hacking, for understanding how chemistry shaped its identity. Although neither Crombie nor Hacking applied this notion to individual disciplines, it seems appropriate to use it in the case of chemistry because it helps to address a puzzling issue: how did chemists manage to shape an identity of their own, despite shifting territories and theoretical transformations? Following a presentation of the notion of style, I will argue that the stable identity of chemistry is rooted in laboratory practices, which determined the specific questions that chemists put to nature as well as the answers to their questions. The “chemical style of thinking” is characterized by i) a specific way of knowing through making, ii) the concern with individual materials rather than matter in general and iii) a specific commitment to nature.