Kennedy and Cuba: Then and Now

Book reviewed:
Sheldon Stern. Averting 'the Final Failure': John F. Kennedy and the Secret Cuban Missile Crisis Meetings . Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2003. 496 pp. Illus. $35.00 (cloth).
Alice L. George. Awaiting Armageddon: How Americans Faced the Cuban Missile Crisis . Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003. Illus., notes, bibliography, index. $29.95 (cloth).     

Battlefields of Class Conflict: Ludlow Then and Now

Abstract

In April 1914, a tent colony of striking coal miners at Ludlow, Colorado was the setting of the most notorious example of open class warfare in American History. This paper explores some dimensions of the conflict as revealed by archaeological investigations at the Ludlow Massacre Memorial. We consider the tactical strategies used by Labor and Capital to gain advantage in the conflict, as well as the survival strategies employed by ordinary people in harm's way. We also address recent vandalism at the Memorial which suggests that, ninety years later, the Ludlow ground remains a contested landscape.     

PARIS London: One Hundred and Fifty Years of Site Preservation

Abstract

This paper outlines the history of preservation in situ as practised in London over the last hundred and fifty years. It touches upon the early development of the City of London and the destruction of significant remains, which gradually lead to a heightening of sensitivities and public concern for preservation, particularly of built fabric such as the Roman defences. The role of cases such as the Walbrook Mithraeum and Rose Theatre are discussed, both influential in changing the relationship between development and archaeology. The paper concludes by noting how much we have learnt from past mistakes, but notes that more can be done to make these sites more accessible.     

世界主义与民族主义－－孙中山对新文化派的回应

五四运动以后孙中山反驳有人用世界主义反对其提倡民族主义,具体所指,外部渊源主要是英国的罗素、俄国的无政府主义克鲁泡特金和德国的社会主义马克思,内部则几乎涵盖国家主义以外新化阵营各个派系的代表,甚至包括一度倾向社会主义的国民党人如戴季陶等。世界主义自清末取代以天下观为主导的大同思想进入中国,由于“西方”在中国人的观念世界中地位日益上升,以及欧战宣告国家主义破产,世界主义在以西为尊的新青年中渐成流行趋势。经过与外力压迫下不断高涨的爱国情绪相融合,形成“世界的国家主义”或“世界主义的国家”观念,与改造后的民族主义虽有分歧,亦存在沟通的基础。随着民族危亡的日趋严重,越来越多的新化派重新回到民族国家的立场。世界主义与民族主义的取舍,始终是困扰后发展国家的两难选择。     

Archaeology, History, and Material Culture: Grounding Abstractions and Other Imponderables

United States national programs for historic preservation have a great influence on public memory and commemoration. Decisions about what may be listed in the National Register of Historic Places or designated a National Historic Landmark may commemorate or silence parts of the past. Historians invoke the concept of integrity as a gatekeeper to control access to these lists. Archaeologists have the opportunity to contest some of the imposed silences and make these lists more inclusive of underrepresented groups.