吐蕃王朝扩张政策之分析(英文)

The questions related to Tubo’s establishment,development,prosperity and decline always drew attention from academic circles.We need to analyze and study many aspects to find the essence of these questions.Undoubtedly,this is a very important approach to the study ofTubo’s expansionist policies. Many factors influenced the rise and fall of the Tubo Kingdom,including its economic development,the composition and structure of its political forces on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the political forces in regions adjacent to Tubo,its social,economic and political situation as well as its internal and external policies.Academic circles have closely examined its expansionist activities.Professor Lin Guanqun,a scholar from Taiwan     

吐蕃统治时期敦煌石窟艺术中的时代特性(英文)

Dunhuang Grotto art in the Tang Dynasty is categorized by scholars,in terms of its local historic features,into four stages:Early Tang,Prime Tang,Mid Tang and Late Tang.This paper focuses on the period from 786 to 848(Mid Tang during the Tubo period).     

试论吐蕃时期原始巫术中的“天灵盖镇厌”习俗(英文)

In Tibetan primitive witchcraft,it was a very popular practice to use the skulls(or the tops of skulls)of men or animals as"divine tools"to suppress evil spirits.This custom is still popular in Tibetan-inhabited areas and among the Qiang,Yi and other ethnic minori-     

宁玛派(英文)

<正>The expression Rnying Ma-pa means "ancient" or "old".The Rnying Ma-pa sect maintained that it is ancient because Pad-ma vbyung-gnas established its doctrines in the 8th century,about three hundred years earlier than the origin of Tibetan Buddhism’s other sects.With regard to "old",the Rnying Ma-pa sect claimed to focus on the teachings of Old Tantric Mysticism,basically those translated during the Tubo period. The division of Tibetan Buddhism into various sects differed from that of Hinayana and Mahayana in Indian Buddhism.The separation of Hinayana into eighteen schools was     

书讯(英文)

Travel in Northern Tibet This book provides a wide range of information about the colorful nomadic culture in Northern Tibet,a cold highland sited at an average elevation of 4,500 meters.It tells of the local history, rich cultural heritage,the worship of sacred mountains and holy lakes,the ancient Bon religion,King Gesar,and varied folklore     

吐蕃王朝告身制度（英文）

正In historical records,when Princess Wencheng went to Tibet(then a kingdom named Tubo);the king(Songtse'n Gampo) and his officers more than likely thought highly of the Tang court's attire and system of etiquette.The king himself imposed the Gaoshen system upon his subjects,with the system being the primary means for distinguishing rank and class.The general academic consensus is that this was a direct descendant of the Tang court's own way of doing much the same thing,     

藏传佛教噶举派(英文)

<正>There are two names for the Bkav brgyud sect:Bkav brgyud and Dkar brgyud."Dkar brgyud"means the"white transmission lineage"("White Religion")and"Bkav brgyud",the"oral tradition lineage".Dkar brgyud gained its name because to follow dharma,the sect’s founders,Marpa and Mila ras pa,both wore the white cotton clothing of the ascetic.(See the Chinese translation of the History and Doctrines of the Different Buddhist Sects by Thub Kuan,p.52.)The Tibetan monks who at that time practiced dharma usually wore the same white     

萨迦派(英文)

<正>Since its founding in the 11^th century,the Sa-skya-pa has been part of Tibetan Buddhism.In the 13^th and 14^th centuries,this sect developed into a dominant political power.Its leader was even appointed to an office in the central government that was responsible for administrating Buddhist affairs in all of China.Historically,this leader played a role in Tibet’s surrender to Mongolia during the Yuan Dynasty in the middle of the 13^th century.     

中国藏传佛教研究60年(英文)

<正>Tibetan Buddhism is not only one of the two branches of Mahayana Buddhism, but also one of the two most important and evolving traditions of the contemporary Buddhism world. It has     

西藏农牧民收入问题研究(英文)

1. The present situation and structure of the income of peasants and herdsmen Before tackling the topic of Tibetan peasants and herdsmen's increasing income, one should have an overall understanding of their income level and have a clear view of its structure and sources. Only by grasping this basic data correctly and accurately, can we form an objective and just conclusion that can be accepted not only by the academic circles but also the decision-makers.     

吐蕃系统金银器研究

The Tibetan Kingdom rose in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the 7th century as a mighty minority regime under the Tang Dynasty of China.Tibetan gold and silver wares were recorded in Tang literal documents and enjoyed a great fame throughout the world for their distinctive and exquisite form.But their samples were seldom discovered for a long time.Based on a study of the Tibetan gold and silver articles recently unearthed from Tibetan tombs in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and known from collections abroad,the...     

敦煌莫高窟《吐蕃赞普礼佛图》中吐蕃族服饰初探——以第159窟、第231窟、第360窟为中心

敦煌石窟中的吐蕃人物画像为研究吐蕃族服饰提供了极为丰富可靠的形象资料.本文以第159窟、第231窟、第360窟的《吐蕃赞普礼佛图》为中心,对吐蕃族服饰的特色进行了初步的探讨.     

浅析英文商业信件翻译策略(英文)

为国际商务交易沟通的重要形式,商务信函的重要性逐渐被大众认可。适当的商业信函翻译能促进国际商业发展。为适应国际商务活动更加频繁的需要,商务人员应当切实掌握翻译信函的基本技能。鉴于商务信函的鲜明特点,本文从商务信函的选词、句式、语篇风格三方面剖析其具体特点,并结合商务信函翻译的原则,有针对性地探讨商务信函在词汇、句式、语篇方面的具体翻译技巧,从而实现商务信函适当的翻译目的。