How Did the Ming Dynasty Rule Tibet？

In 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang founded the Ming Dynasty ( 1368-1644). In the autumn of the same year, Ming forces took over Dadu, capital of the Yuan Dynasty. All places of China including the Tibetan-inhabited areas outside Tibet pledged loyalty to the new dynasty.     

The Dissemination and Transformation of Han Chinese-style Sudhana or Chinese-Style Children in Tibetan Buddhist Art during the Ming Dynasty

The Ming Dynasty was one of the important periods of cultural exchange and amalgamation between Han Chinese and Tibetans.Along with the governance of Tibet and other Tibetan areas by the Central Government of the Ming Dynasty,Tibetan culture represented by Buddhism and its art was disseminated in the interior of China,primarily in Nanjing city and Beijing city,the capital of the Ming dynasty.At the same time,Chinese culture represented by Chinese Buddhism and its art was also introduced into Tibet and other Tibetan areas.     

How Did the Ming Dynasty Rul Tibet?

n 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang founded the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). In the autumnof the same year, Ming forces took over Dadu, capital of the Yuan Dynasty. Allplaces of China including the Tibetan-inhabited areas outside Tibet pledgedIloyalty to the new dynasty.N…     

梅瓶三绝

The plum vases, one with a white dragon design over the blue ground of Yuan dynasty, one with a design of Xiao He chasing Han Xin in the moonlight in underglaze blue of the late Yuan and early Ming, and the other with pine, bamboo, and plum designs in underglaze red in the Ming dynasty under Hongwu‘s reign, are three important pieces in Yuan and Ming dynasties in Jiangsu Province. They might be rated as the three treasures in the Chinese porcelain world for their unique characteristics.     

浙江出土的金银器

The gold was put into use as early as Shang dynasty. From the late Tang dynasty on, the private gold and silver workshop came into being in accord with the improvement of excavation and workmanship systems, which stimulates greatly the gold and silver production in the southern China. Most of the gold and silver wares unearthed in Zhe Jiang are from Late Tang to Ming dynasty. Its categories and shapes are closely fit in with the needs of daily life.     

明朝时期汉式善财童子在藏传佛教艺术中的传播（英文）

正The Ming Dynasty was one of the important periods of cultural exchange and amalgamation between Han Chinese and Tibetans.Along with the governance of Tibet and other Tibetan areas by the Central Government of the Ming Dynasty,Tibetan culture represented by Buddhism and its art was disseminated in the interior of China,     

MAIN CONTENTS

Study on Tax Ingots in Ming Dynasty
Silver used as currency started in Ming dynasty. The official policy for silver using was at the beginning suppressive then gradually encouraging. The turning point was the use of silver as a substitution for actual paying of crops for land tax. This study shows although only few samples were found during last century, through the study of these specimens there still remain some traces of the transformation of silver as currency in China＇s. monetary system. Those land tax ingots are the evidence of this process.     

Porcelain of The Ming and Qing Dynasties

June 28,2003, saw theopening of the Exhibition ofMing and Qing Dynasty Chi-naware in the Tibet Museum. A total of 103 pieces were on display, an overwhelming majority produced by the Jingdezhen Official Kiln of the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368-1911) and the remainder by the Zhejiang Longquan Official Kiln.The Tibet Museum is the first modern museum of the Tibet Autonomous Region, with a rich collection of cultural relics, including some 2,000 pieces of porcelain produced     

清朝川藏地方藏语文译员职缺设置考（英文）

正The extensive territory governed by the Qing dynasty is much larger than that of the Ming;the various ethnic groups living on this territory spoke different languages and the central government relied on translation to communicate with local people and to collect military and political intelligence.The history of how the Qing court     

西藏夏鲁寺壁画中的“汉藏合璧”

Shalu Monastery is one of the most famous Tibetan Buddhist monasteries and is seated in Gyatso Shong Township of Shigatse Municipality in the Tibet Autonomous Region.The monastery is rich in murals that total over a thousand square meters in wall space,putting on display a fine example of Tibetan Buddhist mural art from the Yuan dynasty.     

MING DYNASTY RULE OVER TIBET

In 1368, when Zhu Yuanzhang brought down the Yuan Dynasty and founded the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), he sized up the situation and worked out a policy for ruling Tibet.Unlike the Yuan Dynasty, which supported the Sagya Sect exclusively, the Ming court decided to give as many official titles to lamas with various Tibetan Buddhist sects as possible; both monk and lay people were given official titles.For this purpose, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty sent officials carrying imperial…     

Koh, Khee Heong, A Northern Alternative: Xue Xuan (1389-1464) and the Hedong School

How did a Neo-Confucian scholar who built no academies,who actually discouraged interested students from studying with him,and whose followers did not have a strong sense of group identity become the first scholar enshrined in the Ming dynasty's imperial Confucius Temple? This is the question that Khee Heong Koh seeks to answer in writing this masterful study of the Ming Neo-Confucian master Xue Xuan.After all,admission into that temple's rolls was a rare honor,one carefully controlled by every imperial court.Only four men were enshrined over the entire Ming dynasty,and Xue is interesting not only because he was the first to be enshrined,but also because he was the only one of the four from northern China.Koh provides us with a detailed picture of this heretofore largely forgotten scholar-official and how he came to be thus enshrined.But this is not simply a biographical study;Koh also problematizes the monolithic understanding of Ming China as having been completely captivated by the Wang Yangming School of Neo-Confucianism.     

Historical Relics(2)

Xuande Copper Diamond Bell and Diamond ClubThis set of bell and club was a ritual instrument donated to Tibet by the Ming Central Government in the period of Emperor Xuande's reign (1426-1435). In the     

说汉阳陵"罗经石"遗址的建筑设计

This article discusses the architectural plan of the so-celled“ Stone of Compass“ Site of the Han Dynasty, Located in the south of the mausoleum of Han Emperor Jing. Based on new archaeological finds published in recent years, the author concludes three points: First, the square building on the site is very similar to the design of the board of Liu Bo game that was very popular in the Han dynasty; Second, it also is closely related to the design of the Han mirror with Liu Bo pattern; Third,this site has a similar layout to a famous ritual building,i.e.Wang Mang‘s Ming Tang Hall.Finally, the author explores the nature of this site, and suggests that it should be the Mausoleum Temple of Han Emperor Jing, i.e.De Yang Temple, indicating that there is a close relationship between the early plan of the Ming Tang Hall before Emperor Jing and later Mausoleum temples.     

河南商城县文管会藏文物选介

he author describes the Ming inscribed edition "huang bi wu nian fu wen" and a white stone Buddha figurine collected by the Shangcheng County Council of Cultural Relics of Henan Province. The former is basically unblemished. The Buddha figurine was dilicately crafted from marble. It measures 54cm. in height, and weighs 5Okg. From The County History of Shangcheng, it is like1y that this figurine was first collected by Monk Benqing from Tibet.     

NEW BOOKS

Books On the Basic Situation of China's Tibet This refers to a set of 10 books on the basic situa-tion of Tibet.Thus far,five have been published.including History of Tibet by Cheng Qingying,Geog—raphy of Tibet by Yang Jingye and Zheng Du,Religionin Tibet by Garzanggyia.Tourism in Tibet byAncaidain,and Stoties of Tibet by Zhang Xiaoming. All published by the China Intercontinental Press.thev tell Tibet from different angles and are completewim fine photos.History of Tibet tells the segment of     

湖南津市窖藏元代金银器

A set of buried objects was found in Jin Shi, Hunan province in the May of 1984. The identification shows that two of them are ranked the nation‘s 1st rank treasures. Analyzed by their shape and decoration, they are of Yuan dynasty and bear the features of those of Song Dynasty. The designs on them are rather complicated, such as the dragon and phoenix, coiled grass, meander pattern, linked beads, and plum blossom, which are usually found in the objects of Yuan dynasty. The refined craftsmanship and gorgeous decoration demonstrate fully the features of Yuan dynasty.     

西安南郊皇明宗室汧阳端懿王朱公镨墓清理简报

This tomb,consisting of a vertical passage and a main room made of brick,excavated by Xi‘an Municipal Institute of Relics Preservation and Archaeology in August, 1998. According to the epitaph,the occupant was Zhuzeng(朱zheng),a member of imperial family,titled Qianyang Duanyi King(汧阳端懿王). There were 111 materials such as pottery ceremonial figurines with bright color,vivid expression and various action;fine models of house and furniture with well--preserved color,sacrificial utensils;porcelains ;bronze coins ;wooden stamp and stone epitaph etc. excavated out . This excavation provided detail data for us to study the tomb formation,burial custom,style of construction,art of clay sculpture,characteristics of furniture,ceremonial system and cloth fashion etc. of Ming dynasty.