民俗旅游语境中女性东道主与民俗传承

在民俗旅游开发背景下,旅游地女性东道主在民俗文化传承中扮演着重要角色;其民俗传承主体地位的形成,既源于旅游地社会男女性别角色与分工这一内在因素,亦深受民俗旅游中的性别消费文化以及民俗旅游村落人口流动等外在因素的影响;女性东道主对民俗文化的传承,对女性东道主自身以及旅游地的民俗文化都产生了重要影响。     

民俗文化发展理论与生态规律阐释及其实践运用

民俗是一种不断产生、演变、发展的活态文化,它们在传承本民族文化基因的基础上,随着社会政治经济发展、科学技术进步、外来文化冲击以及自然环境差异等文化生态的变化而不断发展变化,旧民俗不断消失,新民俗不断产生,这种继承与发展选择机制既保证了中国民俗文化的独特传统,又保持了中国民俗文化的创新活力。探讨民俗文化发展理论与文化生态规律,提出民俗文化发展理论在当下的实践运用,对进一步推动民俗文化理论研究和实践创新都具有十分重要的意义。     

民间童谣文本中的东北民俗文化研究

以歌谣考证民俗的研究方式,起源于五四歌谣运动.本文从民间童谣入手,考察东北民俗文化中的育儿习俗、婚嫁习俗、节日习俗和地方传说等民俗文化在民间童谣文本中的具体呈现方式.地方民俗文化以碎片化的形式存在于民间童谣文本之中,此存在形式源于儿童对地方风俗文化的有限经验和碎片化的认知.但从文化濡化和社会文化再生产的角度视之,则与儿童作为社会文化个体的可变性和未完成性相呼应.     

民俗文物的征集保护与利用

民俗是一般民众的生活文化和活态传承文化,民俗文化以其独特的历史进程,形成了特有内涵底蕴。民俗文物则是随民俗而传承下来的一种物态文化,反映着各民族人民的生产生活及不同的社会风俗。一件近现代的民俗文物,可能就是几千年前民俗文物的伟承和再现。在经济全球化的背景下,传统民俗文化及其遗产正在快速流失,抢救征集民俗文物工作刻不容缓。文物主管部门及博物馆应强化抢救保护民俗文物的紧迫感和责任感,采取措施,使民俗文物的征集保护工作合理持续地有效开展。     

民俗文化符号在当代油画语言中的重构与转换

民俗文化与当代油画看似属于两个完全不同的独立体系,实则不然,二者在中国文化艺术的发展过程中始终处于相互交融与渗透的状态。油画创作者深受生于斯、长于斯的民俗沃土影响,却形成了异于本土艺术传统的审美品格、认知与心性,进而在油画创作中有着极富感染力的艺术呈现。以民俗文化在中国油画历史语境下所产生的背景为切入点,选取当代油画中向民俗文化借鉴并重构与转换的油画作品进行具体分析,有助于厘清传统民俗文化符号和油画语言之间的异质同构关系,进而对探索民俗文化符号的相关理念及表现形式在当代油画中所形成的审美视觉语言的意义颇有助益。     

民俗文物的征集保护与利用

<正>民俗是一般民众的生活文化和活态传承文化,民俗文化以其独特的历史进程,形成了特有内涵底蕴。民俗文物则是随民俗而传承下来的一种物态文化,反映着各民族人民的生产生活及不同的社会风俗。一件近现代的民俗文物,可能就是几千年前民俗文物的伟承和再现。     

冀南醮仪中“功”的逻辑与实践——兼论民俗语汇作为民俗学研究的一种可能路径

中国民众对自身行为的认知向来是自成体系的,历经长期生活实践形成一套本土概念体系即民俗语汇来表述自己的意义世界。民俗语汇是一种约定俗成的话语体系和地方性知识,能够直接传达民众对自身行为的解释,暗含着民众对民俗活动意义的理解,成为进入民众内心世界的一条捷径。冀南"打醮"活动是理解民俗语汇极好的田野案例,在当地人话语体系中"功"是具有普适性意义且使用频率极高的民俗语汇,以"功"为研究对象,从历史传统与当下实践两个维度解读其语义体系和应用逻辑,进而从一个微观的视角探讨中国社会礼俗互动的运作机制,并以此验证民俗语汇作为一种分析路径的可行性。     

新疆民俗旅游与现代审美心理需求

民族民俗文化和审美心理作为内在因素,决定于整个旅游文化有所不同的形式结构和风格传统。维吾尔族民俗的形成、发展历史和本民族传统审美心理决定了当前维吾尔族旅游民俗的独特性和永恒性。文章从民族民俗文化与审美心理综合渗透研究的方法,探讨了新疆民俗旅游发展趋向与保护措施。     

伊藤清司对《山海经》神怪的民俗诠释

神话与民俗密切关联.民俗事象与民俗活动是神话赖以存在、传承的裁体,神话是民俗活动的精神内核,通过民俗学的视角可窥测神话的意蕴.日本伊藤清司的《山海经》神怪研究就是这方面的典范.他以西方文化人类学派的理论与方法为指导,以交感巫术为依据,采用"以今证古"的方法阐释神怪内涵,以"形态标准"判别神怪类属,促使《山海经》研究由传统文献考证转向民俗文化阐释.其研究既有利于揭橥神怪的民俗文化内涵,也拓宽了《山海经》的研究视域.但其中亦有不足,如忽视民俗文化的变异性特征,忽略空间场域对文化差异的影响,甚至有过度阐释的现象.审视伊藤的研究,可使学界取长避短,从而助力于推进《山海经》的研究.     

为建设中华民俗学而努力——《中华古俗类典》前言

中国是一个多民族的统一的大家庭,有着悠久的历史文化传统。各民族的民俗文化是这个传统的重要组成部分。整理和研究各民族的民俗文化遗产,是民族民俗学光荣而艰巨的历史性任务。 民俗是民族生活不可分割的部分。我国地域辽阔,民族众多,千里不同风,百里不同俗。民俗文化源远流长,纵贯古今。可谓斑斓缤纷,洋洋大观。民俗涉及各个生活领域,无处不在。民俗有其形成、发展和变异的历史。它是社会历史的一部分,与一定的社会发展阶段及     

Climate and energy security policies and measures: synergies and conflicts

Concerns about climate and energy security are leading to increased government intervention in the energy sector, in particular as they relate to the choice of energy supply options. While many of these options will improve both energy and climate security, many measures will benefit one while harming the other. This raises an important question for governments and energy planners: how can conflicts between climate and energy security be resolved? This article outlines some of the barriers and problems that may arise as governments and companies try to address climate and energy security concerns simultaneously in various energy supply areas. It concludes by arguing against choosing one objective over the other, and by outlining steps that can be taken to help resolve conflicts between the two agendas.     

我和我的兄弟姐妹

1938年．我出生在金沙江畔一个叫巴塘的小县城里。生在哪一天．至今不知道．因此．六十多年过去了．我从来也没有过过生日。     

Challenger and Chernobyl Lessons and Reflections

Abstract

It is argued that Psychological research on 'race' and 'ethnicity' issues presents a number of ethical problems. These relate to the sociopolitical impact of such research, particularly when it purports to find differences of an 'innate' character; to the use of naive subjects, particularly children, in research which is aimed at demonstrating their 'inferiority'; and, within the academic community itself, to the working relationships between researchers who believe in 'innate' 'race' differences and colleagues belonging to allegedly 'inferior' groups – this being particularly significant within a teaching environment. Although the 'race differences' question has a long and controversial history, ethical issues relating to the research process itself have received less focused attention. Moreover, replacement of the genetically obsolete concept of 'race' with the idea of 'ethnicity' does not solve the problem entirely, and the term 'ethnicity' is itself unsatisfactory in several respects.     

Power and Ethnicity History and Anthropology

This essay reflects on the relationship between anthropological and historical scholarship of ethnicity, picking up on themes explored by Andre Gingrich, by considering the epistemological and evidentiary limitations of social scientific and historical analysis and reconstruction. Beginning with the consideration of the pioneering transdisciplinary efforts of Robert Darnton and Clifford Geertz, it argues that many of the weaknesses ascribed to such efforts are actually part of the nature of social scientific investigation which, in the terms of Peter Winch, must take into account two sets of relationships: that of the relationship between the scientist and the phenomena that he or she observes and the symbolic system that he or she shares with other scientists, which can only be understood from the social context of common activity. How these two relationships challenge social scientific analysis of ethnicity are examined through a consideration of the difficulties of applying Anthony Smith's definition of an ethnie to either Fredrik Barth's classic essay on “Pathan Identity and its Maintenance” or Helmut Reimitz's study of Frankish identity. It concludes that neither anthropologists nor historians are simply describing societies as they are or as they were but rather attempt to describe societies as witnesses within them thought they should be, and we do this for our own society, not for those of the participants, past or present.     

Of Demons and Angels and Historical Humans: Some Events and Questions in Translation and Post-colonial Theory

In what follows, I attempt to show that a look at some curious examples of translations from European texts makes us think about issues in translation theory and post-colonial theory from a slightly different angle. The metaphor of translation can very well be employed for understanding the relation between European texts, and some texts and some social and political practices in India in the colonial period, and this in turn helps us look critically at what I shall call our fuzzy post-colonialism. I also argue that Walter Benjamin's metaphor of translation as the after-life of a work can be extended to posit two basic modes of after-life.     

后伊拉克时代与中国的内政外交--普遍主义与单边主义的冲突

"9·11"事件后,冷战后的国际政治格局发生了重大变化.其最大特征可以概括为以下两点:第一,确立了以唯一超级大国--美国为核心的以反恐为普遍主义的全球性安全阵线;第二,美国的爱国主义、民族主义戏剧性地高涨起来.就像当时有人强调因为全世界有60多个国家的人在世界贸易中心工作,所以对世贸中心的攻击就是对全世界的攻击那样,在美国国民中普遍存在着这样的观点:因为美国社会自身就是世界的缩影,所以星条旗也可被看作是超越一国国界的全人类的普遍象征.