读瞿林东著《中国史学散论》

瞿林东先生多年来致力于中国史学评论,其研究成果受到越来越多的人的重视。继《唐代史学论稿》之后,新近出版的《中国史学散论》,集中反映了他在1981—1992年间的研究成果。题为“散论”,其实不散。收入书中的31篇论文,主要集中于三个方面;一是关于中国古代史学理论以及中国古代史学的若干理论性认识;二是关于古代史学成就的专题研究,其中有的是针对一个具体问题的分析,有的则是对一个时期史学发展的认识;三是关于中国当代史学发展的思考。这三者有机地联系在一起,涉及如何估计我国史学的成就,如何继承这份优秀遗产,如何用现代的科学的观点重新     

人生历沧桑 读史情深长——谢保成教授访谈录

<正>谢保成,祖籍北京房山良乡,1943年出生在甘肃兰州。中国社会科学院历史研究所研究员,中国社会科学院研究生院历史系教授、博士生导师,中国郭沫若研究会第四、第五届副会长、第六届顾问。谢保成先生著述丰富,发表论文180余篇,出版著作20余部。代表作为(以初版时间为序):《隋唐五代史学》《郭沫若学术思想评传》《贞观政要集校》《民国史学述论稿》《龙虎斗与马牛风———论中国现代史学与史家》《传统史学与20世纪史学》《增订中国史学史——从"史"的起源到二十世纪中》。其中,2016年10月商务印书馆出版的3卷4册本《增订中国史学史》,是到目前为     

二十世纪上半叶中国关于西方古典史学的评述——兼与张广智先生商榷

张广智先生在《史学理论研究》1994年第2期上发表的《西方古典史学的传统及其在中国的回响》这篇论文中,提出了一个饶有兴趣的问题。他说:“西方古典史学,最早于何时并由何种途径输入中国,对此我们还不甚清楚,还有待继续查考。”张先生又认为西方古典史学在20世纪上半叶中国的回响是微弱的。下面我根据已查到的资料,说明一下19世纪     

20世纪中国的史学方法论研究

20世纪中国史学方法论研究,是一笔丰厚的史学遗产。从梁启超的《新史学》,到三四十年代一系列史学理论方法论读本的出版,再到当代台湾的史学方法论研究,是新史学派史学方法发展的大体脉络。从李大钊对马克思主义历史观的介绍和宣传,到郭沫若所代表的开始用马克思主义研究中国历史的尝试和实践,再到翦伯赞的《历史哲学教程》的出版,标志着中国马克思主义史学发展的第一阶段;从50到70年代是马克思主义史学方法广泛普及和曲折发展的时期;改革开放以后的20年,是中国马克思主义史学史上方法论研究空前繁荣和活跃的时期。总结百年来的史学方法论研究,给新世纪史学发展留下了诸多启示。     

国史研究篇目索引

<正>(《党的文献》、《中共党史研究》、《党史研究与教学》及本刊发表的文章不含在内)史学理论20世纪80年代中国史学概论逻辑体系建构比较研究(张艳国等)学术研究2015.4一般与个别:论中外历史的会通(阎步克)文史哲2015.1公众史学与口述历史:跨学科的对话(李娜)史林2015.2政治史关于《毛泽东年谱(1949~1976)》的若干思考(雷云)浙江学刊2015.2我国20世纪50年代社会主义基本制度的研究评析(于江涛)湖南科技大学学报(社科版)2015.1     

一部富含思想与见识的学术史著作——读王学典主编《20世纪中国史学编年》

<正>"对源远流长的中国史学史而言,‘20世纪'不是一个普通的世纪,不是三世纪五世纪,也不是十七十八世纪,它是中国史学史上一个新纪元的开端"。~①可以说,20世纪中国史学是整个中国史学演进中的断裂时期。与此前的传统史学相比,它彰显出典型的现代性特征;同时,它更是此后中国史学继续深化的始点。新资料的发现、新观念的更新、新方法的运用使得20世纪中国史学学派林立、名家辈出、成果累累。从新史学派、古史辨派、史观学派、食货学派等流派,到《观堂集林》、《中国哲学史大纲》、《性命古训辩证》、《中国古代社会研究》等著作,再到梁启超、王国维、胡适、傅斯年、郭沫     

“走向世界的中国史学”国际学术研讨会述要

由教育部普通高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地北京师范大学史学理论与史学史研究中心和江苏省扬州大学社会发展学院联合举办的“走向世界的中国史学”国际学术研讨会,于2006年8月20—24日在江苏省扬州市召开,来自中国内陆、台湾,以及美国、日本、韩国的98位学者出席了会议。这次会议的主题是推动中国史学在21世纪更好地走向世界,加强中外史学交流和中外史学比较研究,进一步促进中国史学的发展。研讨会共收到论文85篇,其中关于历史理论的文章12篇,关于史学理论的文章20篇,关于中国史学的文章35篇,关于外国史学的文章8篇,关于中外史学比较的…     

21世纪中国的西方史学理论研究刍议

20世纪中国的史学理论研究已取得显著的进步,特别是近20年来的成果令人瞩目,如在20世纪的最后几年,先有《当代西方史学理论》宏著的问世,继有《马克思主义史学新探》那样有开创性的作品出版,更有史学理论(包括历史理论与历史学自身理论)等方面的诸多论著的发表,在此不容——赘举。     

国史研究篇目索引

(《当代中国史研究》、《党的文献》、《中共党史研究》发表的文章不含在内) 史学理论 中国马克思主义史学理论发展脉络述评(张越) 江西社会科学2005 .1 历史虚无主义二题(龚书铎) 高校理论战线2005 .5 历史岂容虚无—评史学研究中的若干历史虚无主 义言论(田居俭)高校理论战线2005 .6 论地方文献在社会发展中的资治、教化、存史作用 —兼论上海新方志为改革开放和现代化建设提 供智力支持(朱敏彦)中国地方志2005 .6 1980年全国第一届县级直接选举工作怕益华) 中共党史资料2005 .2 20世纪90年代后期以来城市基层自治制度的变革与 反思(胡位…     

史学理论杂志创刊20周年笔谈——高扬唯物史观理论旗帜的20年

20年前,《史学理论》的诞生,是中国史学界在改革开放形势下,以马克思主义为指导,更加自觉地、全面和系统地探索史学理论的重要标志之一。史学理论是历史科学的重要组成部分。中国马克思主义史学的成就,首先是理论上的成就。1924年5月,李大钊著《史学要论》在商务印书馆出版,奠定了中国马克思主义史学理论的坚实基础。本期发表几位学者的笔谈,意在进一步加强和推动史学理论研究,特别是中外马克思主义史学理论研究的发展,这是对史学理论杂志创刊20周年最好的纪念。[编者按]     

Telling small stories: spaces of knowledge and the practice of geography

This article examines how the practice of learning geography, and the arenas in which knowledge-making takes place, can be usefully positioned within changing histories of the discipline. It contends that networks of action – understood through the intersection of social sites, subjects and sources – present a conceptual framework and narrative focus for the re-consideration of specific episodes from geography's past. The interventions made here are informed and illustrated by a 'small story' about the doing of geography. Based on different personal accounts, the story revives a series of events, encounters, dialogues and images dating back to the winter of 1951 at Glenmore Lodge, Scotland. This educational institution in the Cairngorm mountains offered children from urban areas the opportunity to learn field studies and the skills of 'outdoor citizenship'. Initially, the focus falls on Margaret Jack, a 14-year-old field-course participant. Her learning experiences are traced through personal letters, a diary and a field journal dating from that time, and her recent recollections of this event. Margaret's account dovetails with the story of her field studies instructor, Robin Murray. Robin's role is traced through his learning experiences as a geography undergraduate at Aberdeen University, and the recent recollections of Catriona Murray, his wife.     

Das Wissen der Schulden. Recht,Kulturtechnik und Alltagserfahrung im liberalen Kapitalismus

The Knowledge of Debt: Law, Media Technique, and Everyday Experience in Liberal Capitalism. Performing an object such as ‘the economy’ hinges on practices of formatting knowledge. The article proposes to look at such instituting moments in connection with social conflicts over the legitimate rules of exchange. This is exemplified by way of recounting the story of the codification of Swiss bankruptcy law in 1889. In order to homogenize the legal procedures of debt collection and bankruptcy, two subject categories were instituted: ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. These different categories were thought to account for the diverging temporalities and spaces of credit exchange in everyday economic life. The introduction of the commercial register, a media-technical apparatus, enabled a formal distinction between ‘merchants’ and ‘non-merchants’. However, this boundary was contested and proved to be porose.     

Two radiocarbon dates for freshwater shells from hierakonpolis: Archaeological and geological interpretations

Shells of two species of freshwater bivalve (Unio willcocksi Bullen Newton and Etheria elliptica Lamarck) from the predynastic Gerzean (Nagada II) Decorated Tomb at Hierakonpolis, Egypt have given dates of 5000±90 bp for the tomb, and 12,900±120 bp for an episode of Nile terrace accumulation (correlated here with the Sahaba-Darau aggradation event). The archaeological and geological significance of these results is discussed, together with an outline of problems associated with radiocarbon dating of shell. Comparisons are made with the few other radiocarbon dates available for the Predynastic period in Egypt and possible reasons for the presence of shells in the tomb are considered.     

Some chronological implications of a fossil molluscan assemblage from a neolithic site at Brook,Kent, England

The later post-glacial history of a valley in the chalk escarpment near Brook, Kent, is described, based on molluscan stratigraphy, archaeological evidence and radio-carbon dating. Differences in size and colour banding, respectively, of fossil and living representatives of two species of land snails, Pomatias elegans (Müller) and Cepaea nemoralis (L.), are correlated with climatic change during the post-glacial period. The problems of the use of fossil shells of these species as samples for radiocarbon dating are discussed.     

China's Dynamic Industrial Sector: The Internet Industry

A Singapore-based economic geographer explores and analyzes the spatially uneven evolution of the Internet industry in China, arguing that the country's immense regional disparity in the provision of Internet services is best explained by the interplay of place- and path-dependence. The author demonstrates how the highly uneven regional endowments in relevant industrial and entrepreneurial resources have led to the substantial and persistent regional imbalance within China's emerging "new economy." His initial survey of the country's 100 leading Internet content providers (firms), identified from a listing of ca. 11,700 commercial websites, is selectively augmented to reflect an increase of over 70 million Internet users in 2007, reaching a total of 253 million in June 2008, and thus overtaking the United States as the world's largest Internet market. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L10, L86, O30. 6 figures, 1 table, 53 references.     

The 1911 International Exposition in Rome: architecture, archaeology, and national identity

This paper discusses the 1911 International Exposition in Rome and illustrates how this patriotic celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Italian Sate utilized symbolic landscapes of architecture and archaeology to promote nationalist sentiments of italianità and romanità centered on the young capital of Rome. Through modern art exhibitions at the Valle Giulia, scientific conferences at the Castel Sant’Angelo, archaeological exhibits on the Roman Empire in the Baths of Diocletian, and regional Italian pavilions in the Piazza d’Armi, exposition officials offered a complex representation of Italian national identity that was modern yet ancient, cosmopolitan yet bucolic, European yet regional, and imperial yet developing.     

The Rise and Fall of Alexander the Great – The Need for Medical Analysis: Reply to Commentaries

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. By elucidating the nature of his death, we can better interpret various aspects of Alexandrian history. Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome. It would therefore be of significance to note that one of the greatest leaders in history who conquered much of the then known world may have been suffering from a physical disability.     

Hospital Drama: Visual Theatres of the Medical Rendezvous from Asylum to Hospital with Reference to Specific Works by Anna Furse

Abstract

This paper is informed by Furse’s practice as a theatre maker in two fields of output that are connected by two factors: first, the presence of the woman patient — hysteric/subfertile respectively — within the clinical gaze; second, the significance of the womb to each pathology. In the treatment of each (explored in Furse’s theatre), lens based technologies play their part, whilst the cultural and medical can be seen to have overlapped to produce specific meaning with regard to Her body and its spectacularity. The article presents an overview of some of the key issues in precisely how the woman’s body becomes spectacular within this prosthetic medical gaze and how the medical — and theatrically designed spaces to represent these — become meaningful and potent proxemics that in turn inform medical/ theatrical spectatorship. Overarching nineteenth-century protocols at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris (where Furse’s Augustine (Big Hysteria) is set) to contemporary imaging technologies used in the treatment of subfertility with Assisted Reproduction Technologies (the topic of her Art of A.R.T. projects), it examines the way in which photography develops through cinema to X-Ray, ultrasound and then 3D/4D ultrasound to ‘capture’ the woman’s body in ways by which she becomes muted and exposed. These occular technologies that extend the gaze, first to an exterior subject and then, eventually, traversing the flesh without knife, lend specific performativity to the ‘patient’ women, within the context of hysterias and reproductive impairments respectively. Finally, issues of suspension of disbelief are addressed. The spectator’s faith in the screen-based image of Her spectacular body is interrupted in Furse’s work, which is also keenly interested in the effect of such imagery on the woman’s sense of Self. The historical and cultural leaps in this article argue that there is indeed a trajectory through the history of medical imaging since the first application of photography to anatomy to the more advanced scoping technologies of medical imaging today, and that in each era, the production of these images remain fraught with cultural implications.     

The Death of Alexander the Great – A Spinal Twist of Fate

Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C. from an unknown cause. Physical depictions of this historical figure reveal the likelihood of a cervical scoliotic deformity. This is substantiated with the medical history and is correlated with his untimely death. For the first time, it is concluded that Alexander’s death may have ensued from the sequelae of a congenital scoliotic syndrome.