战“疫”时刻让世界见证中国力量与大国担当

At present,the Chinese government and the Chinese people are executing their fullrange of efforts to resist the onslaught brought about by COVID-19.Great progress has already been made,and the results have been rather unprecedented.Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonis,Chinese President Xi Jinping has continued to speak with foreign heads of state or government,and international organizations,either via phone,in person or through letters,in which the topics focused on prevention and control of the disease and China's efforts to reduce the impact of the epidemic on its economy.     

西藏复工复产掠影（英文）

正Spring is a time of renewal.As the spread of the COVID-19 has been largely contained in China,the country is back on track in an orderly manner.In the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR),a series of measures for reopening have been introduced to resume normalproduction and life while ensuring the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus epidemic.As the natural     

Editors' Note

As FHC enters a new year,we are very pleased to report on the progress the journal has made in the past year.FHC has published articles on a wide range of topics on Chinese history,featuring a variety of approaches.Whether the methodology was mainstream or cutting edge,all have inspired new ways of conceptualizing Chinese history.In addition to one issue that examined the relationships between the Qing government and its neighbor countries and border areas,FHC launched three forums in the past year.One forum asked how we might,through the lens of critical theory,Marxism,and novel approaches to 20th century capitalism,reinterpret 20th century China.Another forum discussed issues of pregnancy,childrearing,and wedding ceremonies to explore how intellectuals re-conceptualized family management by combining traditional expectations with imported,scientific concepts and practices and how scholars,educators,journalists and officials shifted relationships between Chinese families and the state.The final forum focused on state-building and the transformation of politics,society,economy,and culture under Communist rule in the 1950s and early 1960s.     

Chinese Socialism as Vernacular Cosmopolitanism

This paper follows the life of an idea, a fundamental concept in modern Chinese intellectual life： socialism. It explores this idea as an alternative form of Chinese cosmopolitanism, drawing from Pheng Cheah＇s identification of two kinds of Chinese cosmopolitanism： mercantile and revolutionary. If part of what we mean by cosmopolitanism is the local use of an external, or international, or otherwise ＂independent＂ （relative to local power and practice） ideology or discourse to promote an agent＇s sense of social good at home and connection to the world, then the ways that socialist thought, ideology and praxis have been employed in China in the twentieth century constitute one such strain of cosmopolitanism. Shehuizhuyi （socialism） meant related but significantly different things to Chinese in the twentieth century. This essay argues that Chinese socialism can be viewed as a version of vernacular cosmopolitanism through two examples： Wang Shiwei in the 1940s and Deng Tuo in the 1960s, as well as the discourse of Pan-Asianism before and after the Mao era. Chinese socialism was as much a terrain of debate and contestation about what it means to be ＂Chinese and modern＂ as it was a shared vocabulary and set of aspirations. All along it has been able to play the role of cosmopolitan thought for some influential Chinese thinkers and doers--connecting China to the world in order to pursue universal values.     

雪域高原多措并举阻击疫情

Since the COVID-19 outbreak in China,all-out measures have been taken to prevent and control the epidemic across the whole country.In this war without smoke,people from all walks of life in the Tibet Autonomous Region and the Tibetan-inhabited areas in Sichuan,Yunnan,Gansu and Qinghai provinces unite with one heart and make their own contributions to the fight against the epidemic.     

雪域高原多措并举阻击疫情（英文）

正Since the COVID-19 outbreak in China,all-out measures have been taken to prevent and control the epidemic across the whole country.In this war without smoke,people from all walks of life in the Tibet Autonomous Region and the Tibetan-inhabited areas in Sichuan,Yunnan,Gansu and Qinghai provinces unite with one heart and make their own contributions to the fight against the epidemic.     

SEDA ENJOYS A BRIGHTER TOMORROW

It has been 700 years since the time of Dong Washiugyia, and it has been 400 years since the Washiu people moved to settle down in the Seda Grassland. During the period of their 9th-generation Washiu tribal chief, they came under the rule of China. In August 1952, the people's government of Xikang Tibetan area dispatched Puncog Namgyia to Seda to achieve its peaceful liberation.SOCIAL PROGRESS. Seda is a county living on animal husbandry, which accounts for 70 percent of its total o…     

民间石雕艺术

Chinese folk stone sculpture has long history in people's material and spiritual life, most of which are made by unknown craftsmen.They are of great value on art and historic culture to display splendid technique, tricky design and admirable creativity of ancient Chinese craftsmen. As to the use of stone sculpture, it can be used as the part and decoration of the architecture, formed to serve the religion or practical utensil for daily use or appreciation, which is might be called a grand book.     

Jade Articles Collected in Tibetan Museum

Since the Yuan Dynasty, Tibet has been formally part of the territory of China. By keeping abreast with developments in the hinterland, Tibet has maintained close relations with other provinces in China and kept up to date. Mutual interactions were frequent i.e. Tibetans presented tributes to the central government and vice versa, the central governments bestowed largess on Tibetans. The largess included Buddhist statues, porcelains, silks, satins, and fabulous jade ornaments. In book entitled “Memoir of...     

Henriot,Christian.Scythe and the City.A Social History of Death in Shanghai

Much has been written on Chinese death and funerary culture by anthropologists—far less by historians.This book is therefore a much-welcome attempt to fill this gap in the field of Chinese modem history.Its chronological scope encompasses one century:from the 1860s to the eve of the Cultural Revolution,but it is clearly more focused on the twentieth century due to the availability of a much greater amount of source materials from that period.     

归国藏胞谢文根多·格列嘉措:看尽风轻云淡,吾心自有所属

The Most Precious Cultural Relics and Donations On May 27,2019,a grand donation ceremony was held in Lhasa.Jewon Koodhor Gelek Gyatso,a man known to be the reincarnated spirit of Champa Ling Monastery in Chamdo,made the generous donation as a member of the 13th CPPCC National Committee,the TAR's CPPCC Standing Committee,and the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office.He also concurrently serves as the vice chairman of the TAR's branch of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office and has been warmly welcomed back to his motherland from a life abroad.At the ceremony,the local government of the Tibet Autonomous Region issued Jewon Koodhor Gelek Gyatso a certificate of honor.     

Protection of The Eco-Environment In Tibet

Efforts to protect Tibet's environment have achieved satisfactory economic and social results.Beginning in the 1980s, Tibet began to enact rules and regulations for the protection of the eco-environment, treatment of pollution, and control of pollution at source.At present, the region is making efforts to revise the Regulations for Environmental Protection to guarantee healthy economic development. In 2001 and 2002, efforts were made on four occasions to examine the execution of the environmental protection law. This     

＂Bankers Are Stingy？＂ Re-Examining Stock Exchanges and Public Debt in Prewar Shanghai （1920s-1930s）

This review article surveys new studies of China＇s economy in the early twentieth century that have been published in both China and the West. It analyses the nuances that we find in these recently published studies and how those might improve our conventional understanding of the era, with particular emphasis on the link between fiscal revenue and stock-exchanges. First, a detailed introduction treats the evolution, beginning in the nineteenth century, of Shanghai＇s segmented stock exchanges in the context of wider global currents. Section two reprises the still common notion that heavy domestic borrowing by the Nationalist （Kuornintang, or GMD） government in the 1920s-1930s forestalled industrialization. Section three discusses at length the degree to which Chinese banks in that period may be seen as merely a GMD conduit of borrowing. Chinese banks were probably more conducive to Shanghai＇s industrialization than is usually acknowledged, and they also played a key role in stabilizing China＇s monetary environment well beyond their perceived focus on managing public debt. But more evidence needs to come to light, and this article sets out the areas in which future research might advance our knowledge. The conclusion will underscore how the various findings of scholars might, as a whole, remould current conceptions.     

RELIGION,SOCIALISM,AND THEIR COMPATIBILITY:THE DEEP INSIGHTS OF THE 10TH PANCHEN LAMA

正Panchen Erdeni Choskyi Gyaltsen has a very special place in the hearts of the Tibetan people. One of the most beloved religious figures and a great master in the world of Buddhism, the 10th Panchen Lama has spent his entire life doing whatever possible to strengthen a feeling of solidarity among Chinese ethnicities and maintain a sense of national unity among the great many forces attempting to fragment China and scatter its people. His efforts have included a close and amicable     

归国藏胞谢文根多·格列嘉措:看尽风轻云淡,吾心自有所属（英文）

正The Most Precious Cultural Relics and Donations On May 27,2019,a grand donation ceremony was held in Lhasa.Jewon Koodhor Gelek Gyatso,a man known to be the reincarnated spirit of Champa Ling Monastery in Chamdo,made the generous donation as a member of the 13th CPPCC National Committee,the TAR's CPPCC Standing Committee,and the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office.He also concurrently serves as the vice chairman of the TAR's branch of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office and has been warmly welcomed back to his motherland from a life abroad.At the ceremony,the local government of the Tibet Autonomous Region issued Jewon Koodhor Gelek Gyatso a certificate of honor.The donation in question concerned a remarkable 380 items,among which several dozens have     

Gungthang Kingdom City in the Border of China and Nepal - A Series of Archeological Trips in Gyirong County

The high plateau enjoys clear, fresh air and the sunbeams down from the high blue sky to bathe the magnificent landscape in sunlight. It seems the mountains and the rivers of Gyirong are colored in strikingly vivid hues, enabling everything in the landscape, either living or inanimate, to appear bright and even brilliant. Standing in the downtown area of Gyirong County, facing the mountain valley to overlook Gyirong in the distance, I see a zigzagging road has been constructed on the southwest flank of the city to access Gyirong Valley.     

STRIVING AHEAD WITH JOINED HANDS TOWARDS PROSPERITY

On the occasion to celebrate the 20th anniversary of national support workon TAR in China, Lozang Gyaltsen, Chairman of the government of TAR was interviewed by this Journal. Reporter： One after another, the central government has called five national working conferences on TAR in order to promote its stability and development. As a result,     

Wu Jen-shu,Jibian liangmin： ehuantong Zhongguo chengshi qunzhong jiti xingdong zhi fenxi （Good Citizens Turning Rebel： Analyses of Urban Mass Collective Actions in Traditional China）

Scholars have long been interested in rebellions and revolution in Chinese history The interest has a real-world basis： China＇s long and turbulent past is a rich minefor academic study, and the country＇s seemingly endless conflicts and struggles in recent centuries give such study relevance to reality. For obvious reasons, most studies of Chinese rebellions and revolutions focus on rural society. Wu Jen-shu＇s Jibian liangmin is among relatively few works that devote attention to public, and often violent, expressions of displeasure in Chinese cities and towns before modern times.     

Aquatic Bird Winter In Lhunzhub County （Ⅱ）

EDITOR＇S NOTE The water birds wintering in Lhunzhub are peculiar to the many wetlands subject to special protection in Tibet. With a view to preventing overspending and destroying the hilly areas and the grasslands, the State has been working hard to seek protection of the wetlands, and the Forestry Bureau of Lhunzhub County seeks to control soil erosion by planting trees and gross. The problem is that the lacul.farmers are still ploughing the.fields deeper and deeper so as to increase their grain output, which endangers the living conditians of those water birds that survive by hunting for leftover grain in the fields, and the black-necked cranes especially are now on the verge of extinction.