浅析代笔书画

Ghostuwriting is a most complicate and difficult problem in the respect of Chinese calligraphy and painting authcntication because the ghostwriting is the requirement of the painter himself and usually approved by him. The painter will cooperate with the ghostwriter and try to be invulnerable. The author introduces such kind of phenomenou in the Chinese calligraphy and painting history in quite a detail. which is believed to he a great help to the authentieators or collectora.     

GYAMA CHOEPEL'S UNUSUAL PATH

正Gyama Choepel is a Tibetan man born in the Medrogungkar County of Lhasa. He grew up predominantly in Nyingchi. The man drives for a living and has a rich understanding of the local Tibetan culture and its customs. When talking with customers, especially photographers, he takes the opportunity to shower them with stories of his experiences and the knowledge he gained over the years, and he is well known     

Discussion on the Symbolic Meanings of The Old Man and the Sea

The Old Man and the Sea is a novella which is created by American modern fictions writer Hemingway in 1952. And it is also the author＆#39;s last published novel during his lifetime. Once it appeared, it caused a strong international reper-cussions and set off a burst of＆quot;Hemingway hot＆quot;in literary circles at that time. It tells a story of Cuban fisherman Santiago who did not catch any fish in eighty-four sequential days. And at that case, he finally caught a big marlin by himself. But the fish is too big, he took three days to drag it exhausted and tied up in the side of his boat. However, fortune is fickle, he attacked by sharks repeatedly in the return journey. Finally, he returned to harbour with only a head, a tail and a spine of the fish. In such difficult conditions, Santiago went to sea again with a child.     

Trees in Lhasa

Trees are flourishing in Lhasa wherever the history exists. There is such a man. He has already been through cus-toms after his annual trek to Lhasa, which he has been doing for over twenty years in succession to visit his tree.Although he has been making this journey for so long,it is neither to visit friends or family,nor is it his hometown.It is a tree that is tied so profoundly to his heart.When the wind blows fiercely on the bare tree and winter snow falls,he stands be-fore the tree with tears of jo...     

＂Long Distance Medical Treatment＂ in Old Tibet

In 1966,Ngawang Dorje served successively as a military lieutenant,party secretary of the district,subprefect and vice director of the People＇s Congress of the county.He is adept in agricultural production.Having formally retired,he was again reemployed by the county government to work in the agricultural development office of the county until finally retiring today.At present,he is living in his house located at Gyantse County in a comfortable and relaxed old age.     

Huang Hao and Tibetan Studies

Ican't believe Huang Hao has passed away. Not long ago, when I went to the hospital to visit him,he talked with me about life and work and of his planned workingschedule one he recovered. His suddendeath undoubtedly is a great loss toTibetan studies. Personally speaking, Ihave lost a respected teacher and friend. Huang Hao was born in 1933 in Bei-jing. In 1955, on the advice of his maternalgrandfather, Mr. Luo Changpei, a well-known linguist, he entered the Central Insti-tute for Nat…     

A Pioneer in Social Studies in Tibet

In May 1942, Li Youyi published his book on Han-Bo trade and the economic and educational organizations in Tibetan lamaseries. With 60 years devoted to Tibetan studies, Li is indeed a pioneer in the field. Now, aged 90, he is widely regarded as a sociologist who pioneered social studies in Tibet.Li entered Tibet in 1944 together with Shen Zonglian, Liu Shengqi and Li Maoyi. They belonged to the Office in Charge of Tibetan Affairs, stationed in Lhasa by the Nationalist government. The decision was made following the     

When Tibetans Meet Hip-Hop

<正>An ever increasing number of modern cultural elements has become part of Tibetans'life in recent decades,and hip-hop is certainly one of the new fads gaining popularity with the younger generation all across the plateau.TNT is a famous hip-hop crew in Lhasa,and its membership has grown from 3 to 30 within a single decade.TNT stands for"Totem in Tibet",and the group was established by Namkha Wangchen,a promoter of Tibetan hip-hop culture.Namkha Wangchen said he liked the popular dance when he was still in middle     

A Visit to my Friend IN ZHONGDIAN

It is a typical Tibetan house with a large Stone slab paved court-yard. As I entered afierce Tibetan dog came rushing from behind a pile of straw stacks. I hurriedly stepped back, but the dog came to a halt as he was tied to a willow tree. At the sound of the barking, Nongbu Chilin, his master, ordered him to retreat, and we entered the sitting room.Nongbu Chilin, 30, is a noted dancer in Yunnan. He is of the Tibetan ethnic group and lives in Zhongdian. At his invitation, visited him last…     

Fourteen Years of Glory——An Interview With NPC Vice-Chairman Radi

Editor‘s Note: Radi, a Tibetan, was born in August 1938 in Biru County, Tibet. He is a vice-chairman of the NPC Standing Committee.A serf in old Tibet, he was a Tibetan leader from 1975 to 2003. We interviewed him at the end of 2003,and he talked about changes that have taken place in Tibet in the past 14 years.     

Butler of The Potala Palace

When Qamba Lobsang bade farewell to his uncle at the Norbu Lingka, summer palace of the Dalai Lama, he didn't realize he would be doing the same job as the old man in the future: serving as a butler at the palace.However, what Galsang is doing is somewhat different from what his uncle used to do. As a senior official under the Gaxag government in old Tibet, his uncle was charged with tending the Potala Palace and Norbu Lingka. As     

MINISTER ON BUIL DING OF THE QINGHAI-TIBET RAILWAY——AN INTERVIEW WITH RAILWAY VICE-MINISTER SUN YONGFU

Editor＇s Note：Sun Yongfu is now vice-minister of railways. In 1962, when he graduated from the Department of Bridges and Tunnels of the Changsha Railway Institute of Hunan Province, he was assigned to work in the Zhengzhou Railway Bureau. In a survey of the bearing capacity of railway bridges, he examined bridges one by one from Zhengzhou in Henan Province to Wuhan in Hubei Province. On this basis, he produced the studies that made him famous and led to his promotion as one of the senior technical personnel. In the ensuing years, he participated in construction of a number of railways, including the Sichuan-Guizhou, Guizhou- Kunming, Chengdu-Kunming and Hunan-Guizhou lines. He also participated in the China-aided construction of the railway between Tanzania and Zambia. In 1984, Sun was promoted to be vice-minister of railways and was put in charge of national planning and construction. He presided over the construction of some 10,000 km of trunk line, including the Beijing-Kowloon, Datong-Qinhuangdao, Nanning-Kunming and Hengyang-Guangzhou railways. In early 2001, Premier Zhu Rongji proposed Sun to be the deputy head of the leading group for the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, taking charge of the routine work. In the document Premier Zhu signed, Sun was allowed to enjoy treatment due to a minister （instead of a vice-minister）. On June 29, 2001, when the inauguration ceremony for construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was held in Lhasa,     

HIGHLIGHTS

King Gesar is a focus of study in and outside China. Accomplished scholars include:——Alexandra David-Neel (1868-1969): A noted French expert in Oriental studies, Chinese and Tibetan studies in the 20th century, she visited Tibet and surrounding areas five times for survey. Her treatises and diaries related to the Orient, especially to Tibet and related areas, were translated into many languages and published repeatedly.——Ren Neiqiang (1894-1989): A noted geologist, an expert in ethnic groups and a pioneer in Tibetan studies. From 1939 to 1944, he published his Initial Introduction to "Tibetan Three Kingdoms" and "On the Three Kingdoms" in Border Government Affairs Forum and Kangdao Month.——R.A. Stein (1911-1999): He is held as the most successful Tibetan study worker in France in the 20th century. And he was one of the few who could do research in both Tibetan and Chinese. His contribution to the study of King Gesarfinds expression in his effort to translate the epic.——Wang Yinuan (1907-1998): A     

THE HAPPY LIFE OF BLACKSMITH SONAM WANGDU

<正>Farmers and herdsmen,after a busy year bringing in the harvest, turn their attention to domestic issues such as maintenance and the rebuilding and redecoration of their houses...in other words,they just want to make their homes comfortable as they prepare to face winter. To blacksmith Sonam Wangdu,this is his busiest season.Almost everyday he leaves home at sunrise and returns at dusk. White clouds wander across the sky while the trees are rustling in the breeze. They seem to be chatting with Sonam Wangdu,sharing his happiness in the substantial changes in the status of blacksmiths since the peaceful liberation of Tibet.In any case,his is a special trade in Tibet.     

Tsha-Tsha Unearthed during the Period of Gyama Gandenpa

One day in July 2007,Horkhang Changpa Tendar told me that they had discovered a group of Tsha-Tsha in the ruin of Lhakhang Chemo (a chamber) in Gyama Town,which they believed belonged among relics from the period of Gadam Pa and had never been discovered before.He also asked us to come to see what they were.     

First Tibetan Policeman Involved in International Peacekeeping Mission

Dainzin, 39 this year, is a policeman in Lhasa. Twice in 2000 and 2002 respectively, he was sent by the PRC Ministry of Public Security to work for UN peacekeeping mission in East Timor, thus becoming the first Tibetan policeman involved in the international mission. His good behavior won his a medal from the United Nations and a medal from the police authorities of East Timor.     

MR.PALDO TALKS ABOUT TIBETAN TRADITIONAL SPORTS

Mr.Paldo is a famous person;not only is he gifted at studies in Tibetan music and recognized for his music monographs, but has had rich experience in Tibetan folk culture as well.In old Tibet,he worked for merchants as a team member of caravans to transport goods,perform on the flute,or even act as a soldier.This rich life experience has enabled him to be knowledgeable in Tibetan folk culture.     

Alexander von Stael-Holstein and his Sino-Indian Institute

Alexander von Stael-Holstein （I877-I937） was a world famous Russian orientalist who, in the early part of the 2oth century, lived permanently in Beijing for various reasons.＇ On the recommendation of Hu Shi胡适, he received a teaching position at Peking University. In i929 he was formally appointed professor of Central Asian Philology at Harvard University, staying there for one academic year. Although a Harvard professor, he did not stay in the United States, but continued to live in Peking, directing his Sino-Indian Institute （SII） which he had founded in i927. After receiving the Harvard professorship, the Sino-Indian Institute became part of the Harvard-Yenching Institute （the HYI）. As he wrote, only in Beijing could he do his beloved research on Buddhist texts in Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chi- nese. At the SII, he received American students sent by the HYI, as well as young scholars from various countries who came to study Buddhist texts. This paper will present this well- known academic story, based on Stael-Holstein＇s correspondence that is preserved at the Harvard-Yenching Library, of which most is in English, but some are in German, French and Russian.