新疆跨国旅游合作结构模式研究——基于空间区位选择视角

近年我国国际旅游合作蓬勃发展,但呈现"东重西轻"和"南重北轻"不均衡特征。基于空间区位选择视角,分析了新疆跨国旅游合作空间扩张机理,构建了5种国际旅游合作结构模式;在时空演进上,新疆以边境区合作占主导,主要分为4种旅游合作类型。其合作基本动力包括地缘驱动力、经济区动力和组织调控力等,复合构成了该区域动态性旅游合作动力系统。随着该区域旅游合作要素不断整合、创新,合作结构模式将不断更新、升级。     

省际毗邻地区旅游经济的空间矛盾及调控机制探讨

区域经济合作以其非凡的绩效给我国经济和社会发展注入了新的活力。我国省际毗邻地区拥有丰富的旅游资源,也往往成为旅游产业的密集地带。文章在分析我国省际毗邻地区旅游经济发展中空间矛盾的现实特征以及对区域空间矛盾进行调控的重要意义的同时,提出了旅游经济空间矛盾调控的相应切入点,其中主要包括整合旅游资源、形成优势产品,共铸品牌形象、联手开拓市场,协调旅游规划、优化空间结构以及健全协调机制、调节利益冲突等。     

关于旅游工艺品设计中的构成艺术形式美研究

旅游工艺品作为旅游业发展过程中的重要旅游产品,在提高旅游业收入的过程中具有十分重要的作用,随着旅游业的不断发展,旅游工艺品设计中对于构成艺术形式美的要求不断提高,这也成为旅游工艺品发展的新趋势。本文主要说明了旅游工艺品设计与构成艺术之间的相互关系,对构成艺术的形式美所遵循的法则进行了介绍,重点分析了构成艺术形式美在现代旅游产品设计中的具体应用情况。本文的研究结果对于提高旅游工艺品的形象具有十分重要的作用。     

中国乡村旅游驱动力因子及其系统优化研究

我国乡村旅游系统主要由城市居民、农民、旅游业、政府4个子系统构成。各个子系统在乡村旅游中的基本诉求,形成了乡村旅游的需求动力、供给动力、营销动力和扶持动力,构成了乡村旅游发展的核心动力系统。文章通过对乡村旅游动力系统中8个驱动因子的分析,认为各个驱动因子间存在一定的摩擦,影响系统效能的发挥,并给出了相应的系统优化建议。     

基于旅游者的旅游价值模型及其应用

本文从旅游者的角度来探讨旅游价值的内在逻辑。基于价值的“效用论”定义,本文认为,旅游者的旅游行为应作为旅游价值的客体,旅游者自身、社会、自然则构成旅游价值的主体,因此旅游价值是由精神价值、文化价值、经济价值和道德价值所构成。本文给出了旅游价值净值模型,并就其在实践中的应用价值与理论价值进行阐释。     

城市旅游空间规划布局及其生态环境的优化与调控研究

城市旅游发展所带来的主要病症之一是城市旅游生态环境的破坏。笔认为主要原因之一在于城市旅游空间发展的无序、空间布局的不合理及对城市旅游资源的过度开发。本对如何正确运用城市空间发展战略及正确使用城市旅游承载力优化与调控城市旅游生态环境作了初步探讨。     

江苏省旅游资源的文化构成及其开发

旅游资源的文化开发是一个极具价值的研究课题。作为文化大省的江苏,开发以文化为特色的旅游景点和发展文化旅游当是建设旅游强省的重要战略。当前,国内对旅游资源的文化研究尚处于起步阶段,未形成公认的理论体系和研究范式。本文首先探讨旅游资源的文化构成及其相应的行为层次和产品类别,从文化构成视角将旅游资源解构为物质的文化景观、制度与行为的文化风情和意识的文化艺术三个层面,进而由时空组合而成的旅游文化区、旅游文化系、旅游文化丛、旅游文化因子等四个层次阐述了江苏旅游文化资源的系统结构。在此基础上,提出了江苏旅游文化资源的开发战略。     

旅游业可持续发展的动力系统研究

旅游动力系统是由旅游者活动矛盾、旅游产业活动矛盾、旅游目的地居民活动矛盾、旅游目的地政府活动矛盾、客源发生地政府活动矛盾五大要素构成的系统。本文在此基础上,提出了旅游矛盾层次理论,以及相应的旅游发展驱动机制。     

乡村性视角下乡村旅游吸引力构成路径研究——基于海南26个乡村案例地的模糊集定性比较分析

从乡村性视角出发，构建乡村旅游吸引力构成路径分析框架，运用fsQCA对海南省26个乡村旅游地进行组态分析，探讨乡村旅游吸引力构成的不同路径和内在逻辑。研究发现：(1)基于乡村性视角构建出包含舒缓、归真、新奇、避离、现代5个乡村吸引要素和18个二级乡村性要素指标的分析框架。(2)单一要素均不构成乡村旅游吸引力的必要条件，要素间通过组合形成3种乡村旅游吸引力构成路径，分别为景区度假休闲型、民宿餐饮依附型和美丽乡村禀赋型。(3)舒缓、归真要素组合和新奇、避离要素组合可与现代要素通过等效替代方式构成乡村旅游吸引力。(4)景区度假休闲型和美丽乡村禀赋型原始覆盖度较高，说明乡村较多以这两种要素组合形式营造旅游吸引力。     

旅游规划对象系统的一般性解释

本文从旅游规划学的角度,探讨了旅游地域系统的概念内涵、影响因素、系统构成和特征及其与旅游规划的关系;还辨析了旅游规划的对象系统既非单纯的地理空间,也非一般意义的旅游系统,而是旅游地域系统这一命题。     

新文化地理学视角下景观研究综述与展望

景观意义一方面要对其符号化的表征元素进行解读,另一方面也要关注其不可表征的意义。本研究梳理了国外新文化地理学视角下的景观研究,发现： ①表征视角下,一方面景观既被看作文化的产物,又是不同时期文化的再生;另一方面景观在权力博弈中曲折发展并推动其象征性意义的演变。②非表征视角主要关注日常生活行为、情感等方面所反应的社会变迁以及所感知的多元、复杂与不稳定的景观意义。国内新文化地理学视角的景观研究在西方思潮的影响下,对一些具体案例进行了尝试性研究,取得了一定的成果。本研究有助于中国学者结合转型期中国政治、经济、文化背景,构建具有中国特色的新文化地理学景观理论体系,推动新文化地理学在中国的良性发展。     

地理学视角下的集体记忆研究综述

集体记忆植根于人、空间(地方、景观)、时间,是地理学研究人地关系的重要视角与手段。本文从理论渊源、研究内容、方法等对国内外相关文献进行梳理,提出地理学视角下的集体记忆研究框架。研究立足于集体记忆主体、载体和机制三方面,以空间、地方、景观、仪式、旅游等为主要研究对象,关注现象背后的政治性、竞争-协商性以及利益主体,个案研究为主,案例类型较为丰富,方法上定性为主,鲜有定量研究及相关模型构建。相比国外研究热潮与成果,国内研究仍处于萌芽起步与概念引入阶段,未来可拓展集体记忆载体形式的研究,深化集体记忆机制即人地关系层面,加强实证与量化方法应用。     

‘They'd Rather Go Play Footy’: an Exploratory Study of the Enjoyment and Benefits of the Arts in Western Australia's Remote Murchison Region

The role of the arts in the revitalisation and strengthening of Australia's rural, remote, and Indigenous communities has been of particular interest to Australian State and Federal Governments, as reflected through various policy and positioning documents. In order to understand the relationship between the arts and communities, it is important to explore why people engage in the arts and what might be some of the barriers to that engagement. For the rural, remote and Indigenous communities of the Murchison Region, the arts has been a useful way of reaching and engaging with residents to build a stronger sense of community, provide light relief and entertainment, and facilitate communication among community members, government, and industry. However, there are several barriers that impact on the viability of arts projects. These barriers are amplified in rural and remote areas, and particularly for the three case study communities of the Murchison Region for a number of reasons. These include the transient nature of the population, a lack of resources, isolation and remoteness, and local politics, culture and history. The arts can provide a context in which other non‐arts related outcomes, such as health, capacity building, income generation, and so on, are facilitated and achieved. It is important for policy makers to recognise and address the barriers which hinder activity and serve to lessen the impact of the arts on communities.     

Archaeological Interpretation of the Continuity of Chinese Civilization over Five Thousand Years

Chinese civilization has unique characteristics in the world civilization history. Its most prominent characteristic is the continuity of the “5,000-year” civilization. Over 5,000 years ago, different civilizations appeared in different regions of China and the civilizations mainly included their different early-stage theocracy and reign modes. Among these civilizations, the civilization that was handed on from generation to generation was the states with a reign mode that originated in the Longshan culture of Central China and its successors such as the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty, the Zhou Dynasty, the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty. This can be illustrated by the 5,000-year continuous inheritance of the country, people, and territory of China, proved by the 5,000-year inheritance and development of capitals, royal tombs, ritual and ceremonial buildings and vessels, and characters as the national culture (or major tradition) and resurrected by the capital’s centralization,“OneGate Three-Passage” pattern,“centralization of the main hall of the court” and the“Left Ancestral Temple and Right Altar” pattern, and the central axis of the capital, the four doors on four sides of the capital and court, etc. as the materialized forms of the core ideas of center and moderation. These materialized forms of the unbroken civilization became more and more in the past 5,000 years, which indicates that the ideas of center and moderation became stronger and stronger and were constantly deepened. The ideological roots of the 5,000-year unbroken Chinese civilization are the ideas of center and moderation, which are the ideological basis for the state identity and the core value of the Chinese national history.     

中国城市单位制研究的一个新框架

单位制是计划经济时期,在特殊的时代背景和社会经济条件下,国家在城市构建中通过管理和控制人力及物质资源以实现共产主义和国家现代化为目标的基本工具,经历了形成、发展、成熟和转型的历史过程。单位制研究走过了30余年的历程,成果丰硕,但相对制度性研究,空间性和社会性研究还比较薄弱,实践性研究更加匮乏。提出将单位制研究置于人类社会历史的长时段背景中,从单位化、去单位化和新单位主义三个阶段和单位的制度性、空间性、社会性和实践性四个视角展开。三个阶段分别对应计划经济时期、改革开放的30年和今后和谐社会建设时期。制度性研究包括制度思想、构建逻辑和制度体系三个方面;空间性包括第一空间、第二空间和第三空间;社会性包括社会结构、社区发展和个体历程;实践性包括社会重建、旧单位改造和新单位规划。     

物流地理学研究内容与趋势评述

在对物流地理学产生的基础学科交通地理学、物流管理学研究综述基础上,分析交通地理学、物流管理学与物流地理学在研究目的、领域与方法等方面的联系与差异,阐明物流地理学研究对象、内容与方法,进而提出我国物流地理学的发展方向:现代物流区域效应研究、基于现代物流的经济组织空间结构再造及内在机理研究、产业与大型企业物流网络空间优化模型研究、区域物流体系规划研究。     

The Predynastic of Egypt

The Predynastic of Egypt, spanning an interval from ca. 4000 to 3050 B.C., was an eventful period. After the inception of food production in the Nile Valley at least a millennium before, it was the time when the identity of Egyptian society was forged. Egypt was settled by refugees from the deserts of the eastern Sahara and the southern Levant, fleeing from mid-Holocene droughts, and became a melting pot of indigenous Nilotes and desert herders, part-time cultivators, and hunters. Within a millennium, an increasing dependence on agriculture led to sedentary life and, in some cases, to the development of sizable communities. By 4000 B.C., the settled communities had also developed a distinct division of labor between men and women and ritual and religious beliefs in which women, grain, fertility, and death were salient and interrelated elements. The Predynastic communities were also faced by the most destabilizing factor of agricultural economy, namely, fluctuations of yield. Attempts to dampen the fluctuations through interregional integration led to the emergence of community representatives and eventually chiefs. Legitimation of the status of chiefs through affiliation with the traditional and supernatural power associated with women, fertility, and death and the acquisition of exotic goods stimulated trade and an industry in funerary goods. Enlargement of economic units through alliances, with occasional incidences of fighting, especially after 3600 B.C., led to the rise of a state society governed by supreme rulers. The wedding of the funerary cult of Late Predynastic Egypt with political power and military might was the basis for the most fascinating aspects of Ancient Egypt—religion and kingship.     

Intimate Consumption and New Sexual Subjects Among the Sambia of Papua New Guinea

This article examines the transformation of sexual meanings, attitudes, norms, and practices surrounding depletion and pollution across decades (1974–2010) among the Sambia of Papua New Guinea. In the premodern village, all sexual intercourse, whether with boy‐initiates or women, was ritualized and ultimately controlled by the men's secret society. Intimate consumption refers traditionally to a symbolic complex of beliefs, concepts, emotions, and ritual experiences involving sexuality, bodily health, social relationships, and gendered politics. But it also covers sexual anxieties corresponding to the transfer and loss of bodily fluids via the perceived depletion and pollution of self and body. For adult men, the sense of intimate consumption requires repeated substance replenishment and purification. Intimate consumption made oral and vaginal sex highly rule‐bound, taboo laden, and intensely regulated in terms of the meaning, scope, duration, and intended goals of sexual exchange. Pacification, colonization, out‐migration, Seventh Day Adventist (SDA) Christianity, and primary schooling in the Sambia Valley over a period of decades instigated social transformations that challenged and wore down this system of sexual regulation. Thus, the transition from ritual to non‐ritual practices, i.e., more individualistic sexual relationships, highlight narratives of change in the Sambia sexuality. With the demise of ritual initiation in the 1980s and 1990s, and the appearance of HIV and SikAids in the Sambia Valley, explicit ritual sexual techniques were no longer socialized. Modernity (in the sense of a set of policies, attitudes, and rules introduced through institutions such as the government community school) and SDA church sociality influenced both the pace and form of this sexual transformation. Among the greatest changes was the expansion of female agency and sexual autonomy, and personal decision‐making vis‐à‐vis especially marriage and also romance, courtship, and sex. Notably, oral sex, once universal and mandatory, largely disappeared from Sambia intimate relations. Today, spousal intimacy reveals a different set of more ‘modern’ meanings and behaviors compared to two generations ago, e.g., more mutualistic and companionate. Intimate consumption remains a worry for certain Sambia young men and women today however, influenced in part by the rise of the HIV pandemic, mobility, and the absence of normative narratives of sexuality in villages and town settlements. This creates public spaces wherein new sexual subjects have emerged in the villages and urban settlements within the Sambia Valley and in settlements throughout PNG.     

Sightseeing in the mansions of the dead

This paper looks at a type of tourism visit which inhabits an ambiguous and relatively unmapped territory of meaning, crossing boundaries between the conceptual domains of pilgrimage, commemoration and pleasure-seeking. These visits and activities have developed in response to traumatic histories, and also reflect the growth of secular forms of spiritual experience, in which the pursuit of revelation is personal rather than hierophantic. Sites of Holocaust memorialization raise questions of memory and forgetting, guilt and redemption, meaning and ownership, with particularly acute force. However, even these most consecrated and highly cathected sites are experienced through the mediation of mimetic forms and processes of representation which significantly re-order testimony and evidence. Furthermore, the grounding of collective memory in sacralized locations and structures tends towards the distancing, externalizing and disarming of traumatic memory. Under these conditions, visitor motivations and experiences are polysemic: fractured, ambivalent, unstable, and resistant to paradigms of either the sacred or the profane.     

中国手机移动地图使用对居民出行的影响及其机理分析

手机移动地图作为一种新兴的地图形式近年来迅速发展并对居民出行特征产生了深远的影响。本文通过问卷与访谈相结合的方式进行了相关定性定量分析,研究了当前居民对移动地图的使用情况、不同人群对移动地图的使用差异及移动地图的使用对居民出行特征的直接影响,并且进一步探究了其背后的机理模型。一方面移动地图对出行的直接影响造成了信息化时代下居民出行的新特征。另一方面不同年龄,性别,教育,区域的居民对移动地图的使用存在差异,而这种差异或放大或削弱了个人属性对出行特征的影响,从而间接作用于出行特征,改变了传统出行模式。最终,本文讨论了目前移动地图存在的问题及其在未来对城市交通的影响并提出了相应意见建议。