Pleistocene Water Crossings and Adaptive Flexibility Within the Homo Genus

Pleistocene water crossings, long thought to be an innovation of Homo sapiens, may extend beyond our species to encompass Middle and Early Pleistocene Homo. However, it remains unclear how water crossings differed among hominin populations, the extent to which Homo sapiens are uniquely flexible in these adaptive behaviors, and how the tempo and scale of water crossings played out in different regions. I apply the adaptive flexibility hypothesis, derived from cognitive ecology, to model the global data and address these questions. Water-crossing behaviors appear to have emerged among different regional hominin populations in similar ecologies, initially representing nonstrategic range expansion. However, an increasing readiness to form connections with novel environments allowed some H. sapiens populations to eventually push water crossings to new extremes, moving out of sight of land, making return crossings to maintain social ties and build viable founder populations, and dramatically shifting subsistence and lithic provisioning strategies to meet the challenges of variable ecological settings.

     

Boundary Crossings: Transitions from Childhood to Adulthood

In this paper I argue that the boundary between childhood and adulthood is very difficult to define. Notably, it is blurred by the ambiguous period of 'youth'. I therefore draw upon Beck's theoretical work on individualisation and the life-course, which has been influential in youth research in sociology and youth studies, to provide a framework for reviewing some of the processes through which young people make the transition from childhood to adulthood. In the conclusion I reflect on the need to explore the importance of the different spaces implicit in young people's transitions, and the interconnections between them. I also highlight how distinctions between the states of childhood and adulthood are not clear-cut, nor are transitions a one-off or one-way process. Rather I draw attention to the way that changes associated with growing up may or may not be connected, and may occur simultaneously, serially or not at all. Finally, I point out the limitations of normative models of transition given the way that other social differences such as gender, class and sexuality intersect with the categories children and youth.     

Caribou Crossings and Cultural Meanings: Placing Traditional Knowledge and Archaeology in Context in an Inuit Landscape

Meaning is conveyed by context. Northern landscapes associated with oral traditions provide rich contexts for understanding archaeological features and their spatial and temporal distribution. At the same time, traditional knowledge, including place names, is supported by the persistence of an integral archaeological landscape. The lower Kazan River, Nunavut Territory, Canada, preserves a record of land use for a hunting-trapping society in archaeological remains and traditional knowledge. The record shows that traditions of knowledge are manifest in the archaeological landscape. These traditions include commemoration of people and events in monuments, enduring practices (land skills) that are associated with a traditional time, and principles of spatial differentiation and orientation based on relations between people and caribou.     

四渡赤水研究中几个问题的探讨

多年以来,关于中央红军长征中四渡赤水的研究,学术界对有些问题还不够明确。为此,本文拟作进一步的探讨。一、正确理解毛泽东的人生“得意之笔”据聂荣臻回忆,陈毅曾经说过毛泽东把四渡赤水看作是人生的“得意之笔”。①由于历史语境和“四渡赤水”这个词汇本身具有的模糊性,人们对毛泽东所说的“四渡赤水”产生了误解,以为就是当年红军的四次渡过赤水河,没有想到毛泽东指的是第四次渡赤水,这就使得对四渡赤水的研究从一开始就产生了误区。当年的毛泽东不可能把四渡赤水作为一个完整的战役向陈毅介绍。也就是说当年的毛泽东不可能把红军在长…     

Working Museums and Historic Mills in the Textile Industry

Abstract

The making of worsteds was critical to the economic success of Norwich from 1400 to 1550, replacing woollens as the town's main industry. Critical to this success was the development of very high quality double worsted, woven and finished to give it qualities similar to silk. It was used for both clothing and home furnishings. In the second half of the fifteenth century double worsted became an important and profitable export. Double worsted declined in the second quarter of the sixteenth century as cheaper, continental light draperies entered the market. Historians have underestimated the importance of the double worsted, and have incorrectly viewed the early sixteenth century as a period of rapid decline. However, there is evidence that Norwich was reasonably successful in diversifying its worsted cloths to sustain its textile manufacturing, and that this prepared it for even greater success in the seventeenth century.     

纺织品文物保护中压裱技术应用初探

针对糟朽脆弱纺织品文物不适用化学、微生物、针线等方法进行加固处理的难题．尝试织物压裱技术进行加固保护,该方法适用干脆弱糟朽织物的保护、保存和展示研究。在评价现存普通夹裱装置的基础上,结合改良压裱制作实例,详述了压裱技术的制作方法和类型,并对其设计方法、选材标准、加工工艺、应用的利与弊、选用评估方法、应用维护规范等方面进行了探讨。     

用真空加热台保护纺织品的技术

本文主要介绍了用真空加热台保护纺织品的技术,同时就与该技术有关的粘接剂的使用作了探讨。     

Gender and Text Messaging in an Iranian Context

Focusing on four linguistic domains, purpose/manner of communication, preferring local dialects, politeness, and volume of use, this study aims to explore how gender is reflected in messages produced by Iranian female and male students. A corpus of 2,116 text messages was analyzed. Participants also filled out a questionnaire on how frequently they used text messaging. Results indicated females to be more prolific users of messaging. As far as function is concerned, while texts produced by females were for the most part relational, involving an emotional language, males frequently employed messages for informative-transactional functions which were less wordy and in more authoritative language. In addition, males were more likely than females to employ their local dialect and forms considered less polite.     

THE Fabulous Tibetan Textile Products

My First Connection with Tibetan Apron Browsing through my old album,I suddenly find a 10- year-old photo of me taken to commemorate my achievements as a merit student.Looking at me in the photo,my cheeks were flushed as I had just came back     

语图关系视野下的《列女传》文本及其图像

西汉刘向的《列女传》以其传、颂、图三位一体的编撰方式在中国古代典籍中别具一格,正因为如此,《列女传》文本及其图像在后世流传过程中,必然涉及到其文本（语言文字）与图像的关系问题。不同时代,不同类型的《列女传》文本与图像中,其语图关系的紧密程度也有所区别。一方面,《列女传》中语象与图像在这种相互模仿、相互斗争的模式中共同发展、共同进步;另一方面,语象与图像结合程度的不同也带来了叙事强度上的区别。