农田节水灌溉中存在的主要问题及应对策略

随着我国经济的快速发展,工农业用水不断增加,使本来就相当贫乏的淡水资源问题更加突出。为节约淡水资源,提高淡水资源的利用效率,在农业灌溉过程中,努力推广节水灌溉是一种相对较好的方法。文章首先从干部群众节水灌溉意识淡薄、节水灌溉投入机制不完善、先进的农田节水灌溉技术落实困难等三个方面分析了当前农田节水灌溉中存在的主要问题,然后针对这些问题提出了解决问题的应对策略,为节水灌溉技术人员提供了参考。     

农田水利工程节水灌溉问题及解决措施

在目前我国的农业发展和生产的过程中,利用丰富的地面水资源进行的灌溉建设是田间施水的重要方法和手段之一,这种农业灌溉的方法在我国具有较广泛的经济应用。由于目前我国水资源的缺乏,所以为了有效的控制和减少农业灌溉过程中水量的快速蒸发和水资源的损耗,则我们就需要针对性地建设农业的水利工程,使农业在灌溉的过程中能够及时达到有效的节水,使灌溉的水资源也能够及时得到合理的开发和利用。而且在农业灌溉的过程中还需要对于地表水和灌溉的地下水进行了统一的管理,强化对于灌溉的建设和生产经营管理的认识以及科学技术研究,从而更好的对于农民生产经营管理进行了指导。     

宋代两浙湖泊水源利用研究

宋代两浙地区拥有丰富的湖泊水源,得到了官方和民间的有效利用,主要体现在灌溉、种植、养殖、航运、饮用及酿酒等方面。宋廷为利用两浙地区水资源采取了各种措施,如设斗门引水灌溉农田和解决湖泊侵盗问题,发展种植和养殖业,还通过保护湖水以备饮用和酿酒等等。湖泊水源的合理利用,解决了由干旱及人口不断增加带来的粮食需求等问题,使得两浙地区的粮食产量稳定,农副产品充足,通航能力提高,政府税收有所保障,体现了两浙湖水资源在宋代国计民生中的重要地位。     

论新农村建设中水环境污染及防治措施

对目前新农村建设中造成水环境污染的因素进行分析,强调农药化肥的不合理使用、乡镇企业污染物的排放、污水灌溉、集约化养殖场,居民生活污水和废弃物等污染源的危害,并分析了造成水环境污染的原因指出农村水生态环境保护的重要性、必要性和紧迫性,并提出相应的污染防治措施,为新农村建设提供参考。     

农村生活污水治理现状及对策分析

污水治理一直是我国农村工作的重点。在现代化的进程中,我国社会经济稳定发展,农村的经济也得到了快速发展。同时,也产生了很大的环境问题,给人们的生活环境造成了很大的污染。污水便是农村环境中造成污染的部分,在村民产生和生活中,产生了大量的生活污水,如果没有及时对这些污水进行治理,则会影响农民生活质量,导致农村环境质量下降。因此,要有效治理污水,提升农村的环境质量,改善农村的生态环境,实现农村的可持续发展。     

浅谈节水灌溉措施在农田灌溉中的对比与分析

现阶段,随着科技兴农事业的发展,节水灌溉措施在农田水利灌溉中的应用,取得了一定的成绩。节水灌溉措施的推广与发展,对于我国农田水利灌溉的发展具有重要的影响。文章将简要分析,节水灌溉措施在农田水利灌溉方面的相关内容,旨在更好的促进节水灌溉措施在农田水利灌溉中推广与应用。     

探讨提高农田水利灌溉质量的有效策略

近年来我国社会经济快速发展,社会基础建设水平逐步提升,在区域农业经济发展中农田水利灌溉占据重要位置。现阶段提升农田水利灌溉活动成效,能全面提升农业经济发展效果,这样能保障我国社会现代化建设进程稳定推进。从当前区域水利灌溉现状中能得出,在灌溉活动开展中仍旧存有一定问题,在工程发展中要结合实际现状,拟定提高灌溉成效的措施,发挥农田水利工程应用价值。     

我国古代著名的水库鸿隙陂

我国古代的陂塘,是利用自然地势修建的用以蓄水灌溉的水库。在以农业为主要经济部门的我国古代社会中,农田水利的发展对社会生产力起了重大的推动作用。我国古代人民在辽阔的土地上兴建了无数灌溉工程,取得伟大的成就。本文拟探讨一下鸿隙陂的兴废以及与其有关的一些问题。     

探究城市环境工程污水治理的有效措施

目前,我国经济发展的重要任务就是对城市环境污水的处理,在处理城市环境污水的时候,必须要对污水的进行处理力度,这样能够提高人类的生活品质,也能实现城市环境工程的不断发展。所以,我们主要以污水对人类的影响开始下手,这样既要优化建设的规模,还要把污水全部排出,做到优化污水的效果。现在在城市环境工程的建设下,要专门计划好对工程污水的处理方法,协调好经济的发展趋势,这样能够不断促进城市的持续发展,从而可以实现高质量的城市建设工程,利用环境的工程有效地处理污水,能够更好地保障城市的健康。最后,能够推进城市的建设和环境工程的建设发展。     

田间节水灌溉新技术应用

我国是一个农业大国,农业作为我国国民经济的支柱,在我国社会建设和社会发展中发挥着极为重要的作用,只有做好农业建设工作,才能为提高我国国民综合经济水平提供充分的保障。而在农业建设工作中,水利灌溉是非常重要的组成部分,水利灌溉技术也是保障农业发展的重要技术措施。本文主要对当前国内田间节水灌溉存在的问题进行分析,并探讨田间节水灌溉新技术应用的必要性。     

Principles of Construction of Long-Term Water-Management Balances

Total runoff (R) is broken down into two components: stable underground runoff (U) and unstable surface runoff (S). The surface component may be reduced by agricultural amelioration measures that would retain a greater share on cultivated fields. The total supply available from runoff may be increased by long-term stream regulation. Water uses must be based on the stable underground component of runoff because the surface component is not dependable. The underground component is then distributed among users: industry and thermal power, which is largely provided by a recirculation system; urban and rural household uses, and regular irrigation. Rural and urban sewage may be used for sewage irrigation. The total elimination of discharge of industrial wastes and sewage is desirable so that all these uses represent withdrawal depletions.     

Technology and geographical imaginations: representing aviation in 1930s Italy

This paper examines the geographical imaginations associated with aviation in fascist Italy, focusing on the representation of flight on the one hand, and on the other hand the role of propaganda flights organized by the regime in the 1930s. The representation and use of aviation in interwar Italy is explored in light of the concept of technological legitimation, based on an understanding of technological practice as a political and ideological instrument. Aviation, as one of the new subjects of artistic representations of the modern era, was grasped by avant-garde and modern movements in the early twentieth century. In turn, representations of aviation were used by Mussolini's regime, which considered it a key to national development and modernization, materially as well as in the representational sphere. Propaganda flights in 1930s Italy were organized by the Ministry of Aeronautics and local aero clubs, and were an expression of the politicized use of aviation, both in terms of representations of technology and the aviator, and the exploitation of flight's public potential for the construction of fascist spectacle.     

Scientific Principles of the Complex Utilization and Conservation of Water Resources

A leading water-resource geographer outlines a series of measures that, in his view, would assure mankind with an unpolluted water supply for many more generations. He opposes the view that inland waters are virtually lost to man as a source of water and that other sources such as desalting of seawater or melting of icebergs must be sought. The proposed measures envisage the gradual reduction and ultimately halting of the discharge of wastes and sewage into streams and lakes by the use of municipal sewage for irrigation of forage crops near urban centers and the provision of closed water systems within industrial plants, including treatment and reuse of wastes.     

CURRENT NATURE PROTECTION PROBLEMS IN THE DESERTS OF UZBEKISTAN

A brief survey article outlines basic environmental problems currently confronting local authorities in desert regions of the Uzbek SSR accompanying urban development, irrigation, and oil and gas production in that republic. It then describes mitigating measures which have been introduced to address these problems. The focus of attention should be on increasing the efficiency of irrigation, acceleration of efforts at revegetating areas of drifting sand, and expansion of the network of protected natural areas (translated by Jay K. Mitchell, PlanEcon, Inc., Washington, DC 20005).     

台湾现阶段大力扶持海外侨教的措施与借鉴

针对近年来祖国大陆海外华文教育快速发展带来的挑战 ,台湾当局在延续其历年经验性做法的基础上 ,以满足海外侨教现实需要为目标 ,注重以创新思维拓展侨教工作 ,采取各种更加灵活和有力的措施 ,多方面多渠道地扶持海外侨教工作。本文分析了台湾现阶段扶持海外侨教的主要措施 ,论述了其可资借鉴与参考之处。     

La rivière Romaine en chantier : Transformations contemporaines des territorialités des Innus d'Ekuanitshit

Since 2009, Innu members of the community of Ekuanitshit have faced a major hydroelectric project on the Romaine River, an integral part of the Nitassinan, their ancestral territory. In this paper, we study the project's impacts on the material and ideational relationship the Innu have with the river. We explore the idea that the project transforms the traditional relationship to territory into a more pragmatic one, marked by economic and political interests. Our analysis reveals that the Innu's territorialities, though partly transformed by increased contact—and sometimes conflict—with hegemonic non‐indigenous society, remain anchored in a strong cultural heritage and a deep identification with territory. We argue that these seemingly differentiated conceptualizations, of traditions on the one hand and development on the other, are not incompatible. These conceptualizations comprise dynamic cultural, social, and political territorialities which are thus internal and external, ancestral and contemporary.     

湖北巴东任家坪遗址第一、二次发掘

为配合三峡大坝工程和巴东县污水处理厂的工程建设,湖北省文物考古研究所组织考古队对任家坪遗址先后进行两次大规模考古发掘,这里报道了这两次发掘发现的商周遗存和明清墓葬。     

20世纪30年代全国制造工厂的区域布局——兼论后发大国工业化的空间及规模质量提升进程

1933年全国共有制造工厂4372家,分布在27个省区的391个县市,总体上呈现东部沿海制造工厂“连片发展”、中西部省区接受东部产业转移而形成的制造工厂“散点分布”的态势。这与东部和中西部的资源禀赋、交通条件、进入国际国内市场的深度和广度不同密切相关。与欧洲工业化先行国不同,20世纪前30年中国东部制造业的“连片发展”和中西部制造业的“散点分布”,不仅有赖于国际市场与国际贸易的引领和促进,更离不开国内超大市场的有力支撑,特别是后者,在一定程度上成为国内制造业应对20世纪30年代全球经济危机的“避风港”。不过,缺乏统一强大的国家政权推动的中国工业化进程,仍然面临国内超大市场启动乏力、东中西部空间隔阂、区域间的产业竞争激烈、农矿资源与资金人才市场配置不当等问题。     

Machiavelli’s passions

In his years as Florentine Secretary, Machiavelli repeatedly faced the problem of interpreting the gestures and words of statesmen that were masters of deception. The strategy he developed to uncover these statesmen’s intentions was based on the analysis of human passions, on uncovering the fundamental trait that defined a man’s character. I apply Machiavelli’s strategy of interpretation to Machiavelli himself and uncover the irreconcilable disconnect which shaped his personal tragedy. On one hand, he related to his objects of desire by entirely abandoning himself to them, regardless of how unachievable they were. On the other, to obtain these objects of desire his analytical mind developed strategies which took pride in their adherence to what he called the “effectual truth of the matter.” His incapacity to reconsider his objectives in light of the means at his disposal and his tendency to transfer all of himself into his objectives determined Machiavelli’s successes and failures. He repeatedly failed when he had to set his own goals, or when he approached a problem with empathy. He succeeded when he was given precise and limited objectives and when he understood that he did not share the goals of those he was studying.     

苏丹1884-1898年粮食战争及其影响探析

1884-1898年,苏丹萨瓦金和埃及边疆省的英埃当局利用自身优势持续地引发粮食短缺,试图"饿死马赫迪叛乱"并重新征服苏丹。马赫迪国家采取各种手段积极因应,对外通过走私、袭扰、战争等手段突破封锁,对内通过控制土地和粮食资源分配统驭民众和军队,但整体上处于劣势。从实际效果看,英埃当局在北方尼罗河流域被动的粮食战争有效地遏制了马赫迪军队的进攻,在东部红海山区积极发动的粮食战争却因为当地盟友和英国海军的不配合半途而废。马赫迪国家的覆灭和英埃当局(1898-1956)的建立一定程度上都是粮食危机的发展结果,萨纳特西塔饥荒是19世纪80年代粮食战争的高潮,双方为此展开的冲突和斗争深刻影响了现代苏丹社会。