A Mathematical Model of the Density Distribution of Moscow's Population

A student research project at Moscow University tests Colin Clark's formula for the distribution of the density of a single-center city by applying it to population data of Moscow for 1963, 1964, and 1965. The students obtain repression lines and equations for the population density of Moscow and draw the density field by means of isolines. The results suggest population movement from the central district to outlying areas where intensive housing construction is under way.     

西安市人口分布模式初探

本文通过分析西安市区人口分布特征,发现其总趋势表现为:以新城广场为中心向四周递减。试以C·克拉克经验公式d=d₀e^-βx对1990、1982、1964年三次人口普查资料进行回归分析,分别得以下三式:
dx=50892.45e^-0.32924x
dx=51974.922e^-0.38286x
dx=55072.095e^-0.46977x
可是,从1964-1990年,市区中心的人口密度d逐渐下降,且人口密度梯度β亦随时间的推移而减缓,即市区人口分布逐渐趋向合理。     

The Density of Population of a City and the Density of Probability of a Random Magnitude

A continuation of a paper translated in Soviet Geography, April 1966, establishes a systematic relationship between the concept of a city's population density and the general theoretical probability concept of the probability density function of a two-dimensional random magnitude, and extends the discussion of population-density models beyond the category of single-center cities to a variety of non-single-center formations.     

A Model to Relate the Size of the Central Business District to the Population of a City

A set of dynamic models of CBD growth are developed. They hypothesize that growth rates depend upon the population growth rate together with the increasing unwillingness of people to travel to the city center as city size increases. A prediction of the model is that absolute decreases in CBD size can occur associated simply with population growth rather than technological change as is usually postulated. The models are tested using retail sales data for the United States. Good predictions are generally found, especially when the unique CBD of New York City is removed from the data set. However, the model which has the greatest theoretical validity relative to central place theory does not have the best fit to the data. Implications of this are discussed, along with those of utilizing transformations in regression models.     

A Structural Approach to the Form of the Population Density Function

The central objective of this paper is to explore a comprehensive structural modeling approach that extracts analytical density functions answering questions raised by recent empirical studies.     

A Nonparametric Analysis of Employment Density in a Polycentric City

Nonparametric estimation procedures offer distinct advantages in modeling polycentric cities because they are flexible enough to account for functional form misspecification and incorrect subcenter sites. This paper presents locally weighted (LW) regression estimates of employment density in suburban Chicago. LW regression estimates are more accurate than OLS regression and capture the effects of missing variables. The results demonstrate that Chicago is indeed a polycentric city: although the traditional city center continues to affect employment density patterns in the suburbs, local peaks have developed around secondary employment centers.     

Some Extensions of Mills's Method for Urban Population Density Gradient Estimation

This paper extends Milk's method for estimating urban population density gradients to general noncircular and asymmetrical urban forms, using Gauss-Legendre quadrature embedded in a Newton-Raphson root finding algorithm. We also examine the sensitivity of the Mills method to measurement errors in the assumptions. Several issues arising from the comparison of analytical, Mills type estimation procedures with statistical procedures are explored, particularly in light of recent work that questions the negative exponential formulation of urban density gradients. We note in particular the influence of secondary population centers as a source of estimation bias.     

Uniform Probability Density Analysis and Population History in the Northern Rio Grande

One of the basic challenges facing archaeology is translating surface evidence into population estimates with sufficient chronological resolution for demographic analysis. The problem is especially acute when one is working with sites inhabited across multiple chronological periods and the production curves for pottery types are unknown. In this paper, I present a Bayesian statistical method which I call uniform probability density analysis that is tailored to this situation. This method combines uniform distributions derived from the local pottery chronology with pottery assemblage data to reconstruct the population history of individual settlements. I also illustrate applications of this method at the site and regional level using data from Cuyamungue and the surrounding Tewa Basin/VEP II New Mexico project area. The results allow one to identify a period of significant population movement corresponding to the period of Tewa ethnogenesis in the thirteenth century CE.     

The Planning of the Distribution of Production in Population Centers and Some Problems in Population Geography

A government official outlines some of the Soviet problems of settlement to which answers are expected from population geographers. They include: restrictions on excessive growth of large cities; promotion of industrial plant location in small and medium-size cities suffering from underemployment; prediction of ultimate population of large cities; determination of the optimal size and type of rural population centers. Population geographers are called upon to study large cities with a view to determining where further concentration of industry should be prohibited, and to select small cities suitable for plant location.     

抗战时期浙江省的人口迁移与地域分布

抗战时期浙江省的人口迁移总数约有 5 0 0万人 ,其迁移情况极为复杂。其中 2 0 0余万人迁至省外 ,主要分布于闽、赣、皖、沪和华中、西南各省。大部分移民是在省内迁移。战时浙省移民迁移持续时间较短 ,最终转化为移民的只是少数。由于种种原因 ,战争期间即有部分移民回迁。战争结束后 ,绝大部分移民均回迁原住地。难民迁移的最根本最内在的动力来自经济和政治因素 ,尤其是经济因素     

Regional Distribution of the Muslim Population of Russia

Drawing on the results of the 2002 population census in Russia, an American geographer examines the size and spatial distribution of ethnic groups classified as Muslim. Methods of classification and issues with enumerating the Muslim population and changes since the 1989 census are described and analyzed. Considerable attention is paid to the implications of such a large and territorially concentrated Muslim population under conditions in the post- Soviet era. Demographic, social, and economic differences between Muslims and the rest of the population of Russia are examined. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: I00, J10, O18. 2 figures, 6 tables, 53 references.     

The “Floating Population” in Lhasa City

Lhasa,to some extent,is regarded as a holiday city.It is hard to meet people when they are in a rush. Whenever a pilgrimage procession passes by,you can always see the pilgrims holding their praying wheels, followed by dogs,while they walk peacefully along the path of the pilgrimage.On the edges of streets and laneways,tea bars are teeming with people playing cards or chatting.Once they sit down,they might easily let half a day slip by.     

Residential Mobility Patterns and Population Redistribution within the City

A residential change model is derived that allocates migrants to housing vacancies using a Luce-type choice process. The residential change model is then used as the basis for a small area forecasting model designed to predict changes in the size and composition of the population residing in designated areas of the city.     

明代人口分布对社会经济的影响

明代人口分布与社会经济发展有着密切的关系。从地域上看,明代人口分布并不均衡;从时间上看,明代前、中、后期各地区人口分布发生了一些变化。明代人口分布状况对社会经济布局、经济结构调整、城镇的发展、劳动结构和职业结构的变化以及局部地区人口过剩和资源紧张等方面均产生了极大影响,既有积极作用,又有消极作用。