浅析高中班主任老师与学生和谐关系的建立

班主任与学生的关系成为了学校教育中最主要的关系,从某种程度上来讲,班主任老师与学生关系的好坏直接反应了班级文化建设的优劣,甚至直接决定班级建设的成败。     

柿子滩足迹——一个大学生的考古随记

２０００年７月２０日,由山西大学历史系考古专业与山西省考古研究所联合组成的“山西省考古小分队”,经过长途跋涉,终于抵达目的地——吉县清水河下游地段,开始对柿子滩遗址进行为期一个月的考古调查。 柿子滩遗址位于山西省西南部吕梁山南麓的清水河畔,西去上游２公里便是壶口瀑布。该遗址区主要分布在清水河岸,长约２０公里。清水河发源于吕梁山南端的高天山。在柿子滩遗址分布区内,悬崖峭壁,巨石林立,瀑布叠翠,仪态万千,真乃人间仙境。偶尔还可看到鹰击长空、鱼翔浅底的情形,想想远古人类生活在如此的美境中,怎会不创造出…     

Anti-Machiavellism as constitutionalism: Hermann Conring's commentary on Machiavelli's The Prince

In his Animadversiones on Machiavelli's The Prince (1661), Hermann Conring, one of the most famous of the early modern German professors of politics, further developed the constitutional reading of Machiavelli's The Prince, following in the footsteps of Bodin and the German political theorists of the previous generation such as Arnisaeus, Contzen, and Besold. For Conring, Machiavelli's exaggerated analysis of tyranny and his heavy emphasis on popular liberty offered not so much a realist political science but a dangerous prelude to the monarchomachic theory of popular sovereignty and a fatalistic concession to sin. Conring, a committed Aristotelian with Arminian sympathies, preferred a more empirical constitutional analysis (and a theory of the state) which did not favor any particular faction of the state (i.e. the people over the nobility) as the unique source of stability or instability and which explained the necessity for wickedness as the result of poor constitutional design rather than a realistic view of human nature and fate.     

原野自驾

无论高原平原,驰骋原野,看车旁的大片绿地或大片同一颜色的花闪过,那种在路上的心情,可不是一般的旅游方式能达到的。对于爱好摄影的人来说,条件允许,这种方式肯定是最佳选择,在拍拍停停,移步换景中爱死人生。本篇在平原和高原中各挑了有代表性的夏季原野——呼伦贝尔大草原和青藏高原,从自驾游的难度上说,高原比平原高上不知多少倍,但收获都一样:美景、作品,和快乐的体验。     

现代性及其限度：民国文官考试制度平议

民国文官考试制度是一个传统与现代的混合体.其现代性主要体现为法制化程度的提高,平等性和开放性的增强,考试权的独立和考试内容的现代化.但是对经义考试的保留,对传统科举制考试程序的模仿,考试与任用的脱节,党治和军治色彩的存在,个人因素的干扰,派系势力的抗拒等,又使民国文官考试制度的现代性受到极大限制,难以发挥其应有的功效.     

The causes and consequences of Beslan: A commentary on Gerard Toal's placing blame: Making sense of Beslan

Gerard Toal has written a very important work placing the terrorist attack in Beslan into a geopolitical context. Toal's analysis emphasizes two themes, the need to place Beslan in a political context and the parallels between the Russian government's reaction to the attack and the Bush administration's reaction to the September 11 attacks. In this response, I seek to make these two themes more explicit and also to focus on one area that is somewhat neglected in Toal's analysis: namely, the factors that made the terrorist attack in Beslan possible. In doing so, I turn away from focusing exclusively on geopolitics by bringing in some of the socio-economic and ideological factors that made the North Caucasus ripe for the explosion of terrorist attacks that occurred in the first half of this decade. I also show how changes in government policies eventually brought about the decline of large-scale terrorist attacks in the region. In doing so, I hope to make the point that any analysis of a spectacular terrorist attack such as Beslan has to take into account not just geopolitics, but also the socio-economic conditions that made it possible and the government policies that allowed it to happen.     

从传道之师到大学教员：现代学术研究职业化趋向

近代知识人的学术研究出现了职业化趋向.所谓学术职业化,就是将学术研究作为一种谋生的职业,学术研究者成为职业学者.随着清末民初现代学术教育体制的建立、科学家群体的形成、专门科研机构的创建、科研成就的取得与科学交流系统的建成,近代学者的社会职业角色开始形成,学术研究逐渐呈现一种职业化趋向,不仅出现了以知识生产和传授为谋生手段的社会职业,而且这种学术研究职业为一定的制度所保障.学术职业化是现代学术体制的重要特征.职业化学者被纳入近代分科化、专门化之学术体制中.现代学术体制以有形之场地和无形之规范,直接限定着学者之学术活动,并间接影响着学者之学术思想.职业化之知识人多遵从现代学术体制从事知识生产,甚至将知识作为稻粱谋,而不再执着于思想之道.这是职业化体制下学术研究的特点及知识人的特色.     

试论华侨华人学科的形成与定位

华侨华人研究具有确定的研究对象、专门的术语 ,开始形成有特色的研究方法和学术规范。理论体系虽处于不够成熟的阶段 ,但在学科建设的过程中 ,将日趋完善。华侨华人学是一门正在兴起的交叉学科 ,具有跨学科性和多学科性。它既承袭和借用了大量老学科的理论、概念、方法和学术规范 ,同时逐步创造出不依附其他学科的相对独立的学科体系     

评汉代乐浪郡在今辽河以西说

汉代乐浪郡的位置是东北疆域史研究中的一个重要问题。本针对汉代乐浪郡在今辽河以西说进行了反驳,认为汉代乐浪郡在今清川江以东,朝鲜半岛的北部,即以今平壤为中心的大同江流域。同时,作对乐浪国的有关问题也进行了探讨。     

中国近代史分期与基本线索论战述评

中国近代史分期和基本线索问题是中国近代史上重要的理论问题之一。对其探索有益于对中国近代史发展流脉及历史特征的认识和解读,也有助于学科建设和教学工作的深入开展。20世纪五六十年代和八九十年代出现过两次对这一问题的研究和论辩,推动了中国近代史理论的建设。本文是对这两次探索和论辨基本情况的梳理和评述,其主旨在于捋清半个世纪以来学术界对这一问题的探索历程,并为新世纪深入研究这个理论问题提供基本的学术史背景。     

唐府州试诗题考辨

经清代徐松《登科记考》(赵守俨点校,中华书局1984年8月版,以下简称《记考》)的初步系年及陈尚君先生《〈登科记考〉正补》(《唐代文学研究》第4辑,广西师范大学出版社1993年11月版)的补充订正,唐省试诗的大致轮廓已比较清晰,但是作为唐代科举考试重要组成部分的府州试之具体情形却因材料缺乏、零散而少有论者.     

A test of the International Reference Ionosphere using single-frequency A1 data

A1 absorption and virtual reflection height data recorded at Camden, Australia during the period February 1980–January 1981 were compared with values calculated using the latest version of the International Reference Ionosphere—IRI 79. Systematic differences of 10–25 dB in absorption and 2–4 km in virtual height indicate that the IRI electron densities are too high for the lower ionosphere. A better fit between theory and experiment at Camden may be achieved by extending the top altitude of the D-region (i.e. the IRI parameter HDX) and by using a different profile shape to connect the D-region to the peak of the E-region.     

Facilitating the transition from being a geography student to becoming a geographer in Spain: the role of professional identity

ABSTRACT

The transition between university studies and workplace is often described as a difficult and challenging process. In this paper, we propose a series of modifications to the curriculum of geography studies based on an exploration of both student and professional perceptions on the image of the geography profession and how they identify with it. Based on several interviews, we suggest a series of recommendations for curriculum design to reconcile the disagreement found between student and professional perceptions and to foster students’ identification with professional images.     

A perplexing document in the early history of Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome: Melotti's rendition of a "Lecture of Charcot" (including a complete translation from the Italian with commentary)

In 1885, Dr. Guilio Melotti published an Italian translation of a lecture on "Convulsive Tics with Coprolalia and Echolalia" given by Jean-Martin Charcot. Although this lecture often has been cited as an authoritative statement of Charcot's view, until now it has not been translated into English. The lecture presents a number of statements that appear nowhere else in Charcot's published corpus, including some that seem to contradict Charcot's other pronouncements on maladie des tics. Although the Melotti-Charcot lecture may portray Charcot's position accurately in many passages, the article most likely is a compilation from a variety of sources.     

Microwear analysis of experimental flint tools: a test case

Recent attempts to infer the functions of prehistoric stone tools have centred on the study of microscopic traces of wear on the surfaces of these tools. One method of “microwear analysis” involving high magnification and an incident light microscope is tested in this paper. Modern flint tools made and used in ways thought relevant to prehistory were produced by a lithic technologist and after cleaning given to the microwear specialist who attempted to infer their use. A high degree of agreement between inferred and actual uses was achieved and this encouraging result has important implications for the study of microwear on prehistoric tools where no such independent check is available.