Relies of reconciliation: the Confederate Museum and Civil War memory in the New South

This article examines the Confederate Memorial Literary Society (CMLS), an organization of elite white women in Richmond, Virginia who founded the Confederate Museum in the 1890s. Faced with the plunder of Civil War relics and cultural homogenization on northern terms, the CMLS founded the Confederate Museum to document and defend the Confederate cause and to uphold the antebellum mores that the New South's business ethos threatened to erode. In the end, however, the museum's version of the Lost Cause served the New South. By focusing on military sacrifice, the Confederate Museum aided the process of sectional reconciliation. By depicting slavery as benevolent, the museum's exhibits reinforced the notion that Jim Crow was a just and effective means of managing postwar southern society. Lastly, by glorifying the common soldier and portraying the South as "solid," the museum promoted obedience to the mandates of industrial capitalism. Thus, the Confederate Museum both critiqued and eased the economic transformations of the New South.     

Impacts of River Regulation on the Terminal Lakes and Mouth of the River Murray,South Australia

The River Murray is a highly regulated, low gradient stream. Prior to barrage construction near the Murray Mouth saline water was present sporadically far upstream. Barrage completion by 1940 has had geo-morphic and ecological impacts. Estuarine Lakes Albert and Alexandrina became permanent freshwater bodies with elevated water levels. Exposed lake margins have eroded by up to 10 m yr', whereas along sheltered shorelines, sedimentation has accompanied reed growth. Upstream weirs have inhibited coarse sediment from reaching the lakes. In the Goolwa Channel, sedimentation changed from bioclas-tic sands to muds, accumulating at up to 4.5 mm yr' over the past 50 years. Regulation has also transformed a migrating flood tidal delta at the Murray Mouth into a permanently vegetated island.     

在博物馆里学习:博物馆观众认知特征及传播策略初探

21世纪以来,中国博物馆事业快速发展,提升展览的传播效益成为亟待解决的问题。与其他媒体相比,博物馆学习是观众在特定空间行走、站立过程中,通过对展物的观察、体验和参与而学习,因此以观众学习的认知特征为前提制定的传播策略更具有针对性和有效性。博物馆展览策展人与设计者应该着重考虑加强对展品实物的阐释,增强展览的叙事能力,帮助观众适应以实物为介质的学习;采用相应的技术增强故事线的逻辑性,更好地营造信息空间,帮助观众在特定空间的站立与行走中进行更有效的学习;引入多种媒体,充分作用于多种感官,以提升观众的学习效益。     

John Murray: 'a bold and skilful engineer'

Abstract

Between 1832 and 1859 the essential structure of the harbour at Sunderland was completed. A divisive debate over the siting of a dock led to the establishment only of the small and irrelevant Wearmouth Dock in preference to a series of very imaginative schemes. The two piers were further improved and extended and this involved the remarkable feat of the movement of the North Pier lighthouse. The period culminated with the conception and construction of the great South Dock. The dominant figure throughout these events was the resident engineer John Murray.     

重置与转向:当代博物馆理念的梳理与思考

20世纪90年代,学界对当代社会生活领域的理解样式深受后现代阐释的影响。社会结构、生活模式、知识体系等层面的巨变引发了人文科学领域的全面危机与反思,博物馆世界也不例外。随着新博物馆学运动的持续发酵和不同研究范式的陆续出现,重新思考博物馆本质与角色的当代博物馆理念应运而生,具体表现在两个方面:一是传统博物馆管理、组织与沟通的角色重置;二是新博物馆学理论、方法与实践的价值转向。当代博物馆理念的梳理与思考对于理解诸多经验层面上的博物馆现象至关重要。