试论新中国初期的民族工作成就——以《人民日报》为视角

中华人民共和国成立后,在党的领导下,高举民族平等,民族团结的旗帜,政治上在少数民族聚居地普遍实行了民族区域自治制度,同时各地各级政府积极吸收少数民族同胞参与政权建设和国家事务管理。经济上从中央到地方各级政府积极扶持少数民族地区发展贸易和生产,少数民族人民生活水平显著提高。文化教育方面,少数民族语言文字、历史文化得到保存、继承和发扬,少数民族风俗习惯得到尊重,少数民族教育迅速发展。此外经过数年的努力,少数民族干部队伍逐步壮大,少数民族地区医疗卫生局面得到根本改观,民族工作取得了巨大成就。     

试论建国初期党的民族文化教育政策的主要内容

建国初期,少数民族地区的文化、教育事业极为落后,党和政府针对少数民族文化教育落后的状况,采取了一系列重要的措施,包括:创办学校,发展教育;大量培养民族干部;帮助少数民族创立和改革语言文字;保护各民族的历史文化遗产;尊重少数民族的宗教信仰和风俗习惯;支持少数民族新闻出版业的发展。经过一系列政策的落实,少数民族文化教育事业得到了前所未有的发展。     

文化多样性与各民族共有精神家园的构建

文化有多种表现形式,其主体也是多元的,保护文化多样性,是为了维护文化自主权,让人们可以自由选择自己的生活方式,并提供这种选择的手段和方法.要把建设各民族共有精神家园作为一项战略任务来抓.保护文化多样性与建设各民族共有精神家园二者统一于我国社会主义文化建设的实践.多样的民族文化是构建各民族共有精神家园的文化根基.各民族共有精神家园是多样性民族文化的精神归属.要把尊重差异、包容多样作为建设各民族共有精神家园的重要内涵,加强各民族之间的文化交往交流交融,在尊重差异中扩大共识,于包容多样中增进认同,积极培育中华民族共同体意识.     

西部非物质文化遗产保护立法与少数民族文化认同

全球化及其所引发的社会转型使得西部少数民族生产、生活方式发生巨变,民族文化认同出现危机。西部非物质文化遗产保护立法,将有助于从制度上保证少数民族的文化特性及其可持续发展,增进西部少数民族的文化认同,维系文化多样性及中华民族多元一体格局。     

兵团少数民族职工群众使用国家通用语言文字能力的调查——以兵团×师×团为例

语言文字是一个国家精神文化重要的组成部分.中华各民族对国家通用语言文字的使用能力在一定程度上反映了中华各民族对中华文化的认同.少数民族职工群众使用国家通用语言文字的能力关系少数民族能否积极稳妥就业、摆脱贫困,关系新疆的民族团结、社会稳定和长治久安,是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要抓手.本调查较客观、真实地反映了当前兵团少...     

浅析语言文字的规范与发展

我国的语言文字除了需要规范、标准之外,还必须不断地丰富和发展。没有不断的丰富和发展,规范就只能是僵死的、停滞的条条框框,也就不能更好地为社会生活服务。科技在发展,社会在进前,语言文字就必须是动态发展的。为此,在尊重约定的风俗习惯的基础上,要进一步规范语言文字,力求语言文字规范、统一,为更多人所接受。     

满族研究2007年总目录

第1期和谐社会构建中的文化多样性与可持续发展……………………………………………………崔亚虹(1)新时期民族区域自治的完善与发展……………………………………………………张静甫岩(7)民族政策科学化、民主化、法制化探讨…………………………………………………………龚志祥(13)社会主义新农村建设中的民族文化建设………………………………………………………杨中秋(17)文化多样性与少数民族语言文字保护…………………………………………………………李志杰(21)试论少数民族文化旅游的开发………………………………………………………     

贫困与东南亚国家的民族动乱——全球化进程中的经济—文化抗争

本文通过对“经济一文化双重结构”模式的释义阐述了全球化进程中贫困与东南亚国家民族动乱之间的关系。文章指出,在全球化背景下的贫困不仅指经济贫困,而且还包括文化（广义的文化）贫困。文章认为,在“经济一文化双重结构”模式中,文化是主要的矛盾方面;在全球化刺激下民族主义的多层次、全方位的表现,是贫困问题与民族抗争相联系的重要原因;全球化时代东南亚国家中的贫困与反叛的关系,主要表现为少数民族围绕文化自主权的民族抗争。     

文化多元化背景下高等旅游教育的战略选择——兼论少数民族文化传承与桂林旅专的特色化发展

文化多样性是人类文化繁荣发展的重要前提。近年来,多元文化共存特别是少数民族文化的传承和保护已经引起人们的广泛关注,而旅游、教育与文化的互动发展日益成为少数民族文化传承、保护的有效形式和重要途径。如何适应文化多元化发展要求,把少数民族文化传承与旅游文化学科专业建设结合起来,促进旅游、教育与文化的互动发展,是高等旅游院校特色化发展面临的重大课题。     

少数民族文化旅游资源保护机制的构建

少数民族文化旅游是近年来旅游的热点,已经成为民族地区新的经济增长点。了解我国民族文化旅游的开发现状和存在的问题,在全球化背景下如何保护少数民族文化旅游资源,以促进民族社区的可持续发展。     

Climate and energy security policies and measures: synergies and conflicts

Concerns about climate and energy security are leading to increased government intervention in the energy sector, in particular as they relate to the choice of energy supply options. While many of these options will improve both energy and climate security, many measures will benefit one while harming the other. This raises an important question for governments and energy planners: how can conflicts between climate and energy security be resolved? This article outlines some of the barriers and problems that may arise as governments and companies try to address climate and energy security concerns simultaneously in various energy supply areas. It concludes by arguing against choosing one objective over the other, and by outlining steps that can be taken to help resolve conflicts between the two agendas.     

我和我的兄弟姐妹

1938年．我出生在金沙江畔一个叫巴塘的小县城里。生在哪一天．至今不知道．因此．六十多年过去了．我从来也没有过过生日。     

Challenger and Chernobyl Lessons and Reflections

Abstract

It is argued that Psychological research on 'race' and 'ethnicity' issues presents a number of ethical problems. These relate to the sociopolitical impact of such research, particularly when it purports to find differences of an 'innate' character; to the use of naive subjects, particularly children, in research which is aimed at demonstrating their 'inferiority'; and, within the academic community itself, to the working relationships between researchers who believe in 'innate' 'race' differences and colleagues belonging to allegedly 'inferior' groups – this being particularly significant within a teaching environment. Although the 'race differences' question has a long and controversial history, ethical issues relating to the research process itself have received less focused attention. Moreover, replacement of the genetically obsolete concept of 'race' with the idea of 'ethnicity' does not solve the problem entirely, and the term 'ethnicity' is itself unsatisfactory in several respects.     

Power and Ethnicity History and Anthropology

This essay reflects on the relationship between anthropological and historical scholarship of ethnicity, picking up on themes explored by Andre Gingrich, by considering the epistemological and evidentiary limitations of social scientific and historical analysis and reconstruction. Beginning with the consideration of the pioneering transdisciplinary efforts of Robert Darnton and Clifford Geertz, it argues that many of the weaknesses ascribed to such efforts are actually part of the nature of social scientific investigation which, in the terms of Peter Winch, must take into account two sets of relationships: that of the relationship between the scientist and the phenomena that he or she observes and the symbolic system that he or she shares with other scientists, which can only be understood from the social context of common activity. How these two relationships challenge social scientific analysis of ethnicity are examined through a consideration of the difficulties of applying Anthony Smith's definition of an ethnie to either Fredrik Barth's classic essay on “Pathan Identity and its Maintenance” or Helmut Reimitz's study of Frankish identity. It concludes that neither anthropologists nor historians are simply describing societies as they are or as they were but rather attempt to describe societies as witnesses within them thought they should be, and we do this for our own society, not for those of the participants, past or present.     

Of Demons and Angels and Historical Humans: Some Events and Questions in Translation and Post-colonial Theory

In what follows, I attempt to show that a look at some curious examples of translations from European texts makes us think about issues in translation theory and post-colonial theory from a slightly different angle. The metaphor of translation can very well be employed for understanding the relation between European texts, and some texts and some social and political practices in India in the colonial period, and this in turn helps us look critically at what I shall call our fuzzy post-colonialism. I also argue that Walter Benjamin's metaphor of translation as the after-life of a work can be extended to posit two basic modes of after-life.     

后伊拉克时代与中国的内政外交--普遍主义与单边主义的冲突

"9·11"事件后,冷战后的国际政治格局发生了重大变化.其最大特征可以概括为以下两点:第一,确立了以唯一超级大国--美国为核心的以反恐为普遍主义的全球性安全阵线;第二,美国的爱国主义、民族主义戏剧性地高涨起来.就像当时有人强调因为全世界有60多个国家的人在世界贸易中心工作,所以对世贸中心的攻击就是对全世界的攻击那样,在美国国民中普遍存在着这样的观点:因为美国社会自身就是世界的缩影,所以星条旗也可被看作是超越一国国界的全人类的普遍象征.