纪重与纪值币谈

古代货币起源和发展大致可以分为：实物货币时期——金属称量货币时期——金属铸造货币时期。我国早期的金属铸币还带有浓重的称量货币色彩,许多铸币仍以重量为单位,如春秋战国时期的各种釿布、寽布,以及一些以重量为单位的圜钱(长垣一釿等)、方孔园钱(两甾等)。至于秦汉时期的半两钱、五铢钱,更是将中国纪重钱币一直延续到唐初。自唐高祖武德四年铸行开元通宝后,以宝命名的各种宝钱取代了各种纪重钱并一直沿用到清末民初。     

集中国历史货币之大成者——评《中国历代货币大系》首卷《先秦货币》

货币与人类社会经济的发展状况有密切关系,货币形制的演变标志着不同社会经济形态的发展变化。我国历史悠久,是世界上最早使用货币的国家之一。远在先秦时期,即已从实物货币、称量货币发展到金属货币,形成比较完整的先秦货币体系。历代发行的各种币材、币     

中、日与东亚共同体:从历史到现实

商朝人用作货币的子安贝与用于占卜的龟甲,相当一部分来自南洋;周人则自称“肃慎、燕、毫,吾北土也。”(P1320)证明远在商周时期,北起肃慎人居住的长白山、南至南洋群岛的东亚广大地区,就已经存在内部互动,正在逐渐结合成一个独特的世界。     

论湖北襄樊地区两周甲骨

论湖北襄樊地区两周甲骨●张昌平商周时期占卜之风盛行,并对社会生活产生重要影响,正因如此,甲骨学才成为商周历史研究中重要的分支学科。“三王不同龟,四夷各异卜”,甲骨在修整、钻凿形式上的联系与区别,对于考察占卜者所代表的物质文化、族属情况提供了一条新的途...     

论货币本质和中国货币的起源

<正>中国的货币产生于商周时期,海贝是中国最早的货币,这一直是中外学界对中国货币起源共同的看法。司马迁在《史记》中说“农工商交易之路通而龟贝金钱刀布之币兴焉。”许慎《说文解字》说“古者货贝而宝龟,至秦废贝而行钱。”近代以来,科学考古出土的大量海贝,甲骨文和金文的记载也为海贝曾是商周时期的货币提供了大量实证材料。但是世纪之交以来,中外学界对“海贝货币说”进行了重新审视,出现了两种截然不同的观点。     

《方(鏪)考》序

继1996年出版《晚清传奇货币——云南牌坊锭考》和1999年出版《滇银图鉴》二书之后,戴学文先生又完成了其新作《方镨考》。有幸先期品读此书,掩卷之后,愿把读书时的一些想法记之于下。白银称量货币(亦可简单的统称为银锭)曾在中国货币历史上占有极其重要的地位,然而,在钱币学、货币史的研究中白银称量货币长期未占据其应有的位置,致使此种主要历史货币的品类、使用大多至今面目尚不明晰。鉴于这种状况,近二十年来始有当代的一批学者、收藏者从不同的角度整理、介绍、研究白银称量货币,并取得了一些成果。戴先生研究银锭的角度主要是从银锭的…     

试论中国古钱币的道德思想和教育功能

货币是固定地充当一般等价物的特殊商品。它有五种基本职能：价值尺度、流通手段、贮藏手段、支付手段、世界货币。自商周至清,在三千多年的时间里,中国古钱币的发展大致经历了三个阶段：先秦时期、秦汉至隋时期、唐至明清时期。与世界各国古钱币相比较,中国古钱币除具备货币的基本职能外,还有独特的道德思想和教育功能。     

鄂豫皖“苏维埃银行”硬币的铸造及启示

在土地革命战争时期,鄂豫皖革命根据地苏维埃政府为了统一金融,便利贸易,发展生产,支持革命战争,分别在当时的湖北黄安(今红安)县七里坪,河南赤城(今商城)县,安徽金寨县建立了苏维埃银行。苏维埃银行在战斗频繁,物资奇缺,人才极少,流动性大,环境恶劣的情况下,不仅印制发行了纸币,布币,而且还铸造发行了银元、铜币、银锭(称量货币),这在中国革命根据地货币史上是少见的。     

楚公(家)钟侧鼓鸟纹研究--兼及商周时期的鸟纹和鸟形饰

楚公(家)钟侧鼓的鸟纹均为翘尾,与同时期甬钟上流行的垂尾鸟纹不同.商周时期我国南北地区的鸟纹及鸟形饰存在差异.楚公(家)钟侧鼓的鸟纹装饰,属于南方地区翘尾鸟纹装饰传统,这种风格一直延续到战国时期.     

金“承安宝货”考叙

我国古代的白银货币一直没突破称量货币的旧模式。但是,金代承安二年(1197年)铸行的法定银币“承安宝货”,在银币上标明了币值,而且分为五等,起到取代碎银的重要作用,从白银称量货币的传统中脱颖而出,是一次新的突破和尝试,从而在我国货币史上占有了重要的地位。     

女名＋贱名

我的本名叫单丕艮,单是我的父姓,丕是家族排辈“分配”得来,与我同辈的人名字中必定要有这样一个字,俗称为“丕字辈”,艮字是名字中惟一可以自择的字,在我出生后不久,我们族中的排行兄弟恰好有八个人,祖父辈中的一个人(我说不清具体是哪一位了),就将八卦中的乾、震、兑、离、巽、坎、艮、坤分别作了我们八兄弟的名字。     

Names and Tales: On Folklore and Place Names

Abstract

Names, like stories, are linguistic performances; so the twin disciplines of folkloristics and place-name studies can learn from each other’s methods. Some names offer straightforward evidence for traditional culture, but others are rhetorical, not literal. Allusions to goblins, giants, and the Devil derive from playful storytelling rather than supernatural belief, while names of landmarks are used as pegs on which to hang local legends. The rules for coining names have varied through time and often use special linguistic markers to highlight moral or imaginative content. As we move into a more semiotically aware onomastics, we find ourselves interpreting names from a realm of popular idiom and allusion which is already familiar from folklore.     

藏族姓名小议

在藏区,人们对佛教极为虔诚,以至刚刚出生的婴儿也首先要领受佛的恩赐。使婴儿在喃喃的六字真言声中诞生成长。给孩子取名,被认为是一件非常郑重的事情。通常都要举行仪式。藏族的婴儿出生以后,经过一定时间,父母带着孩子,献上哈达和礼品,请喇嘛活佛或有威望的长者行赐名礼。比如:在甘南,婴儿出生的第七天,父亲就要带上一条黄色的哈达等礼物,去寺院找活佛给婴儿取名。活佛在问过其属相、生辰、性别及其父母的相关情况后进行占卜。父亲得知所取之名后要严格保密,不能让别人知道,即便是自家人也不行。直到第二天早晨,父亲在婴儿身旁轻轻连叫三…     

Notes on Names of the Thorn

CROW TEXTS. Collected, translated, and edited by ROBERT H. LOWIE, University of California Press and Cambridge U.P., 1960. Pp. xiii, 550. Price 52s. Reviewed by Geoffrey Turner.

STORIES FROM UIST, TOLD BY ANGUS MACLELLAN. Translated by J. G. CAMPBELL. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1961. Pp. xxix, 254, 1 photograph. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

THE EVERLASTING CIRCLE. English Traditional Verse from the MSS of S. Baring-Gould, H. E. D. Hammond and George B. Gardiner, By James Reeves. Heinemann, London. Pp. 303, 5 illus. Price 25s. net. Reviewed by H. J. Rose.

THE TIGER'S WHISKER, AND OTHER TALES AND LEGENDS FROM ASIA AND THE PACIFIC. Collected by HAROLD COURLANDER. Methuen &; Co. 12s. 6d. Reviewed by K. M. Briggs.

GREEK CALENDAR CUSTOMS. By GEORGE A. MEGAS. Press and Information Department, Prime Minister's Office, Athens, 1958. Pp. 159 + 24 plates. Reviewed by Wilfrid Bonser.

HIGHLAND FOLK WAYS. By I. F. GRANT. Routledge &; Kegan Paul, London, 1961. Pp. xiii, 377, 77 text illustrations. Reviewed by Ellen Ettlinger.

THE PSYCHOANALYTICAL STUDY OF SOCIETY. Vol, I. International Universities Press, Inc., New York, 1961. Reviewed by E. Baker.

SEASONAL FEASTS AND FESTIVALS. By E. O. JAMES. Thames and Hudson, 1961. 35s. Reviewed by E. P. Baker.

JOURNAL OF THE ENGLISH FOLK DANCE AND SONG SOCIETY. Vol. 9, No. 1, December 1960. Reviewed by W.B.

ANCIENT BALLADS TRADITIONALLY SUNG IN NEW ENGLAND, Vol. I, University of Pennsylvania Press. Reviewed by C. H.

PERIODICAL LITERATURE. Reviewed by Christina Hole.     

Tibetan Names and Their Religious Meaning

ｉｂｅｔａｎＮａｍｅｓａｎｄＴｈｅｉｒＲｅｌｉｇｉｏｕｓＭｅａｎｉｎｇＧＡＲＭＡＧＡＭＣＵＮＢｕｄｄｈｉｓｍｓｐｒｅａｄｉｎｔｏＴｉｂｅｔｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｐｅｒｉｏｄｏｆＫｉｎｇＳｏｎｇｔｓａｎＧａｍｂｏ．ＴｉｂｅｔｈａｓｓｉｎｃｅｂｅｅｎａＢｕ...     

Drinking-Place Names in the Central United States

Regional patterns in the names of commercial drinking establishments are explored with reference to the delimitation of culture areas in 15 states between the Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi River. A data base of over 6.000 names, taken from 105 yellow-page telephone directories, represents some one-third of all establishments, with a focus upon cities of small and medium sizes

Four categories of names are examined: generic, environment-related, ethnic-social and "western." Quantitative expressions of nomenclature are augmented with a frequency measure of all establishments in constructing a set of nine drinking-place regions, the most definitive of which are titled Bar Bell, Beer Parlor Belt, Dixie Drought Belt and Drinking Club Belt.

Drinking-place regions are at greatest variance from recognized culture areas in respect to the West, the northern Middle West, the northern Rio Grande Valley and a tri-state zone from southern Kansas to northern Texas. More intensive studies of drinking-place names, as a possible prelude to full cultural reexaminations, are recommended for these four geographic sectors in particular.     

Mother-Die: Plant Names and Folk Beliefs

The use of the name mother-die for cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm.) and beliefs associated with this name are examined, as well as the beliefs found to be essentially those of the twentieth century most prevalent in northern England. Other plants which have been called mother-die, plus other names given to cow parsley, are also discussed, as are folk beliefs associated with these names.