对完善我国公务员培训制度的几点认识

公务员的培训是为了提高公务员的素质和技能．使之具备担任某种职务的资格。对公务员的培训方法应谊根据需要和可能,采取灵活多样的形式。本着重从公务员培训的涵义和意义、存在的问题以及对完善公务员培训制度的基本思路方面进行了分析和论述。     

欧盟三国公务员培训的概况及其启示

本文分析、总结了芬兰、荷兰和意大利三国公务员培训的共性和特点,提出了我国公务员培训工作可以借鉴的培训理念、培训模式和培训手段。     

数字图书馆与公务员远程教育

近年来,各级行政学院在公务员培训中开展了不同模式、不同层次的远程教育实践活动。在公务员远程教育中,数字图书馆具有为教师备课和各级公务员学习提供文献资料支持与服务的作用,是远程教育培训的第二课堂。远程教育应用于公务员培训领域,有利于扩大培训规模,有效化解工学矛盾,提高培训质量和效率。     

对青海省公务员在线学习若干问题的思考

本文分析了青海省现行公务员在线学习模式存在的问题,按照胡锦涛同志大规模培训干部、大幅度提高干部素质的要求,提出以青海公务员在线自主学习网站为基础平台,大力发展公务员在线自主学习模式,突出在线学习指导、学习交流以及测评认证等功能,以增强公务员教育的开放性,为推动青海省公务员学习培训工作做有益的尝试。     

服务型政府建设背景下公务员培训的问题与对策研究

服务型政府建设是我国政府职能转变的重要举措,对满足我国人民对美好生活的向往具有重要意义。公务员是人民的公仆,是服务型政府建设的根基,做好公务员培训是服务型政府建设的根本要求。基于此,本文立足于我国公务员培训体系的现状,深挖目前我国公务员培训的现存问题,并结合现存的问题提出相应的改进举措,以期为我国公务员培训发展提供理论基础,更进一步地促进我国政府职能转变,加速服务型政府建设。     

论公务员培训效果评估及路径选择

目前,理论界对于公务员培训制度的研究正处在探索阶段,特别是在公务员培训效果评估方面是一个薄弱环节,其理论储备和实践经验都极为欠缺。因此,科学、系统、客观地对公务员培训效果评估存在的问题及对策进行研究,对理论界和政府部门都具有重要的现实意义。     

公务员培训效果评估的理论基础和研究现状分析

任何培训效果评估体系的构建,必须以一定的理论依据或假设为前提,即使从实践经验中升华的培训评估体系,也是在一定的理论指导下形成和发展起来的。因此,尝试探讨适合我国公务员培训效果评估体系的理论基础,尽快确立一种有效的适合我国特色的公务员培训效果评估体系,并有效付诸实施,已成为提高公务员能力与建设效能、廉洁的服务型政府的必然要求。     

中美公务员考核制度比较分析

完善的公务员考核制度可以为公务员的任用、奖惩、培训等活动提供可靠的依据。本文主要从分析中关两国公务员考核制度入手,比较分析两者的差异之处。在此基础上,为中国公务员考核制度的完善提出相关的建议。     

中美公务员考核制度比较分析

完善的公务员考核制度可以为公务员的任用、奖惩、培训等活动提供可靠的依据。本文主要从分析中美两国公务员考核制度入手,比较分析两者的差异之处。在此基础上,为中国公务员考核制度的完善提出相关的建议。     

浅谈对公务员职业道德建设的几点认识

《公务员职业道德培训大纲》的制定和印发,标志着我国在公务员职业道德建设领域已经进入了一个全新的局面,因此我们必须要对公务员职业道德建设的内涵、意义和方法等方面,有一个清晰的认知和准确的把握,从而保障这项战略任务得以顺利进行。     

改进基层公务员绩效考核之我见

当前,在公务员队伍中存在着“庸政”、“懒政”现象,这些虽属个别现象,但是如果不严格治理,将严重损害党和政府的形象。因此,对公务员特别是基层公务员开展程序规范、便于操作、导向明确、约束力强的绩效考核,对于改善公务员的工作状态和提高公务员的工作水平意义重大。本文借鉴实践中的一些成功经验,对改进绩效考核提出基本设想。     

The People,the Power and the Public Service: Political Identification during Guinea's General Strikes in 2007

In francophone West Africa, the term fonctionnaire unambiguously identifies public servants as integral parts of the state apparatus. Yet during general strikes in Guinea in 2006/7 this self‐evident association was called into question by the polarization of the public discourse which forced Guineans into associating either with the state or with the protesting people. Based on empirical data from ethnographic fieldwork, this contribution explores how public servants negotiated this tension during and after the upheavals. Their professional (historic) trajectories are constituted by ideological and institutional characteristics of post‐colonial state building and are fundamental for the participation of public servants in the changing dynamics of the local political arena. At the same time, these trajectories play an important and pertinent role in the everyday production of state that stabilizes society even during governance crises such as those experienced in Guinea.     

Incinerating hazardous waste for the public good

Incineration outside of the health sector has started to become a growing business in Tanzania recently. The following article reflects on how internationally and locally formulated concerns about pollution from incineration unfold in the context of Dar es Salaam. More precisely, it looks at civil servants authorized to monitor incineration activities. How do they translate their mandate into practice? What are the public goods at stake in the monitoring of incineration? The article concludes with reflections on incineration as a highly ambivalent waste management technology for those responsible for monitoring it.     

公职人员行政法律意识解析--以江苏省文化系统公职人员为对象

目前我国法治水平的提高,除了必须关注法律自身的完善外,公职人员的行政法律意识直接影响和决定着依法行政的进程,进而影响到依法治国的步伐。本文从解析江苏省文化系统公职人员行政法律意识这一微观角度入手,宏观上阐述公职人员行政法律意识存在误区的原因,并提出增强法律意识的方法和途径,为依法行政做些理论和实践上的探讨。     

Who Deserves Solidarity? Unequal Treatment of Immigrants in Swiss Welfare Policy Delivery

Rising immigration rates in Western Europe concur with increasing anti‐immigrant attitudes. While assessments of welfare eligibility in the United States demonstrably hinge on how public servants perceive different racial groups as deserving, we know less about ethnically motivated discrimination in the European context. This paper argues that Switzerland is a critical case for studying such developments. It combines social construction theory and the deservingness heuristic to analyze how social constructions of Swiss natives and immigrants influence 90 disability benefits insurance procedures. Findings reveal that immigrants are perceived as less deserving and less powerful than Swiss applicants. Thus, Swiss welfare workers do not allocate welfare benefits independently of an applicant's nationality. Our results raise fundamental questions about the equal treatment of welfare applicants in times of rising immigration and anti‐immigrant attitudes. The feed‐forward effects of social constructions imply longer‐term consequences for good administrative practices and society that require scholarly attention.     

Australian Public Opinion on the Israel–Palestine Conflict: Implications in the Context of Arab Revolutions

This article examines the relationship between public opinion and foreign policy making in Australia by turning to the findings of a national survey of Australian public opinion on the Israel–Palestine conflict. The survey findings suggest that the Australian government's policy on the Israel–Palestine conflict is inconsistent with public opinion, and such disparity is explained here in terms of the lack of public attachment to the conflict, the limited media and the absence of any notable public advocacy for policy change. This explanation is informed by in-depth interviews conducted with current and former members of parliament and senior public servants. The article also explores the implications of the survey's findings in relation to the significant political changes taking place across the Middle East region. It suggests that these events may be creating an impetus for policy change that endorses Palestinian self-determination, for which there is significant support among the Australian public.     

Public Production of Anti‐Retroviral Medicines in Brazil, 1990–2007

This article examines Brazil's experience with the public production of anti‐retroviral drugs (ARVs) and highlights the important role of the state in guaranteeing access to life‐saving medicines and fulfilling human rights commitments. The key to understanding the government's successful intervention in the pharmaceutical market and provision of treatment rests on the synergistic, albeit political, relationship between reform‐minded public servants and civil society activists. This article argues that three key factors led to the government becoming a direct producer of ARVs: 1) a pre‐existing infrastructure of public laboratories that have served the public health system to a greater or lesser degree since the 1960s; 2) strong civil society pressures, including public health activists both inside and outside the government; and 3) a pharmaceutical sector characterized by high prices and controlled by transnational drug companies.     

Policy expertise and use of evidence in a populist era

ABSTRACT

Populism and media-enhanced polarisation are reinforcing the declining trust in public institutions. These forces also undermine the perceived legitimacy of using expertise and evidence in highly contested policy areas. Expertise has been decried as elitist, or serving vested interests, or ineffective in tackling real-life problems. We argue that applying relevant expertise to public policy problems remains essential. However, this use of expertise must be situated within improved democratic decision-making and governance arrangements. Good policy governance requires not only using best available knowledge, but also strengthening civic trust and legitimacy, through fair and open processes. We also explore the continuing critical role of senior public servants in strengthening deliberative processes and in enhancing the flows of knowledge.     

Freedom of information and transparency in Scotland: Disclosing persons as things and vice versa (Respond to this article at http://www.therai.org.uk/at/debate)

Contemporary ideals of democratic governance hold that public trust in the workings of public authorities is achieved through measures such as allowing free access to information. Yet 18 months participating in and observing the activities of users of Freedom of Information legislation – introduced in Scotland in 2005 – and civil servants disclosing information under it reveals that public trust and transparency do not always flow from increased access. Treating ‘transparency’, not as a known phenomenon, but as something that emerges in ethnographic observation and analysis, this article moves beyond an idea of transparency as being the simple revelation of an object by a subject, and in doing so challenges the fixed distinction between persons and things on which transparency as it is understood by Freedom of Information legislation appears to rely.