《郑和航海图》暹罗湾地名考

《郑和航海图》(下称海图)是明代郑和七下西洋经验的结晶。据称：“这一部地图昕表现的大概是明宣宗朱瞻基宣德五年(公元1430年)郑和最末一次下西洋,图上的航程、地理,与祝允明《前闻记》所记宣德一次下西洋相合。”     

郑和乌斯藏取经初探

郑和是我国历史上一位伟大的航海家和外交家,他“七下西洋”的事迹已为人众所熟知。“七下西洋”的时间是永乐三年（1405）到宣德八年（1433）,经历了二十九个年头。那么,宣德八年以后有无活动呢？     

郑和下西洋目的窥览

郑和下西洋的目的是600年来一直为人们所探询的一个重要问题。今年7月我在南京参加“纪念郑和下西洋600周年国际学术论坛”的时候,请教郑和研究领域资深专家,但是对此都十分谨慎。他们看了我新出的一本《郑和七下西洋》,觉得里面的一些观点有些新意,鼓励我的研究,我深受鼓舞,便将一点想法展示于众,以求专家指正。     

福建中国闽台缘博物馆藏清卢毅亭墓志铭浅谈

福建省（简称闽）位于中国东南沿海,东北与浙江省毗邻,西、西北与江西省接界,西南与广东省相连,东隔台湾海峡与台湾岛相望。福建与台湾源远流长,关系最为密切,台湾同胞中80％祖籍福建。福建在历史上是“海上丝绸之路”、“郑和下西洋”、伊斯兰教等重要文化发源地和商贸集散地,福州、厦门曾被辟为全国五口通商口岸之一。泉州曾是古代世界第一大港口,泉州还是海上丝绸之路的起点。闽江口的马尾港是中国近代造船工业的先驱和培养科技人才的摇篮。     

试论郑和下西洋所体现出的中华文化特质

郑和七次下西洋所到达的地域,实施的措施,产生的影响及其在人类航海史上的地位,学人论述颇多,且一致肯定了郑和开创了中西交通史上的新局面,扩大了中西海上交通、海上贸易、海上文化交流的范围,推动了华侨向海外的迁移,促进了南洋各国社会经济的发展,促进了中国与亚非各国人民之间的团结和友谊等。对郑和下西洋产生的负面影响论及的较少。本文试图通过对郑和下西洋的历史背景、目的、其所到之处采取的措施,及郑和下西洋所产生的影响的分析,来客观阐述郑和下西洋所体现出的中华民族文化特质。以便我们以史为鉴对中华民族传统文化进行反思,从中寻取其有价值的部分继承发扬。     

全国最大古船模型基地惊现宁海

在纪念郑和下西洋600周年期间,全国航海模型爱好者纷纷研制郑和下西洋的古航模,泉州海交史馆收藏大量古代各种航模,另外广东中山市、江苏常熟、苏州、南京也研制数量不等的郑和宝船、马船、水船、粮船等。笔者前不久参观了浙江宁海宝德轮业有限公司,董事长尤飞君先生陪同笔者观看古代海模研制基地,近千平方米的库房内放置了八十余艘古代船模,最大者近十米长,最小者不足1米,制作精细,其中数艘海模为红木制作。据尤董事长介绍,正在筹备航海博物馆,尤先生花巨资购置宋代巨型木锚也在库中。     

王景弘与郑和下西洋

郑和自永乐三年(1405)至宣德八年(1433)的28年间,七次下西洋,到达了亚、非洲30多个国家和地区,在世界航海史上谱写了光辉的一页。当时与郑和同行的王景弘,由于《明史》中无为之作传,故其事迹大多为郑和的光辉所掩盖,鲜为人知,这对于郑和下西洋的研究不能不说是个遗憾。本文拟就王景弘在下西洋活动中的地位与作用,以及东南亚有关王景弘与郑和随从的某些传说作一初步的论述,     

于海明编著《郑和下西洋100问》

为纪念伟大的航海家郑和下西洋600周年,全国纪念郑和下西洋600周年活动筹备领导小组办公室于海明同志于2003年12月编写了一本《郑和下西洋100问》。从郑和身世聪明才智、七次下西洋起止时间、所到之处、郑和下西洋的目的等各方面的问题,总计100题问及解答,有的问题颇有新意,可供知识竞赛或宣传研究问题参考。     

赴台参加“郑和下西洋特展”随记

1999年2月底,台湾省慈济化志业《经典》杂志社总编辑王志宏先生和撰稿人李菁菁小姐来泉州海外交通史博物馆中国古船模型研制中心签定提供郑和宝船、宝船队和沿海名海船模型、塑造郑和像以及学赴台湾参加“郑和下西洋特展”活动的协议,双方即开始了紧张的筹备。6月初接到《经典》邀请函,开始了申请赴台的办理手续;撰写学术交流的稿并于6月底交稿;7日底船模装箱启运,8月中旬船运直航抵达展览现场。     

万明《明抄本〈瀛涯胜览〉校注》读后

万明女士的大作《明抄本〈瀛涯胜览〉校注》于2005年7月由海洋出版社出版,翻读一过,感想颇多,分述如下。一、几点感想1.《瀛涯胜览》的第九次重要研究成果马欢随同郑和三次下西洋,记录见闻,所著《瀛涯胜览》为下西洋活动第一等重要资料。《瀛涯胜览》初稿成书于永乐十四年(1416     

Advances in Morphometrics in Archaeobotany

ABSTRACT

Morphometric analysis offers an alternative or augmentation to traditional archaeobotanical methods to address differences within and between plant species and their remains, refining and enhancing taxonomic resolution. Morphometrics, the measurement of size and shape, and the multivariate statistical analysis of generated quantitative variables, have long played a major role in biological research, including plant taxonomy and systematics, although its application in archaeobotany is relatively recent. Over the last few decades, there has been an increasing interest in the use of morphometrics for analysing a varied range of archaeological plant materials (mainly seeds, pollen, phytoliths, and starch grains). In particular, morphometrics have contributed to the study of the domestication and spread of many cereals world-wide, as well as that of other taxa including legumes, underground storage organs (USO), and fruits (such as olives, grapes, and dates). This paper reviews current methodologies, recent applications, and advances in the use of morphometrics in archaeobotanical research, discusses its role in exploring major research questions, and suggests possible future directions for its use.     

杏开二月

已经是二月仲春了,大地柔软,天气慢慢热起来了。一场习习的春雨,浇得人心头酥酥的。我第一次注意到,家门前的杏树开了。枝干上,星星点点,挑着几朵白,轻盈得很,把薄薄的心打开,驻足美的枝头,观赏人间烟火。背后是灰灰的庭院,低矮的     

Geography in Higher Education in Australia

Within the last 30 years, geographical information systems (GIS) have been used increasingly in the training of geographers. On the basis of the philosophy of technology and instrumental genesis, we sketch how the use of instruments interacts with learning processes and outline how this can be studied. We empirically analyse students' learning processes and the influences of teaching practice in an introductory course in GIS. We show that students have different strategies for creating their personal instrument for spatial thinking and how teaching interacts with the students' learning processes. Finally, we discuss how GIS may gradually alter future professional development of geographers.     

America in Speech and in Deed

The author's primary aim in what follows is to fully articulate Chantal Delsol's critique of late modern universalism as an attempt to depoliticize the individual for the sake of replacing politics with morality. The result of this depoliticization is a quasi-pantheistic cosmopolitanism that not only effectively denies the significance of individuality, despite rhetorically lionizing it, but also undercuts the freedom of individual conscience that makes moral choice possible. Genuine political prudence and moral judgment are subsequently replaced by the rigid exactitude of a technocratic analysis that reintroduces the "clandestine ideology" it was, despite protestations to the contrary, intended to eliminate. The unhappy paradox produced by the attempt to replace the necessary limitations of political judgment with the universality of a priori moral decree is that a new set of culturally and historically idiosyncratic political attachments are surreptitiously introduced beyond the pale of reasonable debate and disagreement. Delsol's measured response is not a precipitous rejection of universalism as such but a rehabilitation of it that recaptures the Christian moral realism at its core.     

Tibetan-Inhabited Area in Deqen in Development

Deqen, honored as “Shangri La”,is located in the area where three rivers meet to form one in the Henduan Mountains straddling the borders of Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet. The Deqen Tibetan Ethnic Group Autonomous Prefecture, founded in September 1957, is the only Tibetan autonomous prefecture in Yunnan Province but one of 10 in the