Changing Water Depths in the Eastern Part of Sydney Harbour due to Human Impacts

Sydney Harbour has been significantly modified by human impacts from the start of the European settlement in 1788. Land clearing has accelerated soil erosion, resulting in increased sedimentation. Dredging has deepened many areas to accommodate ever-larger ships. In this paper a GIS method is used to map bathymetric changes in the eastern part of the harbour from 1903 to more recently. Dredged areas are apparent in the entrance and in wharfage areas, while sedimentation is most marked around the deepest section, which is well inside the harbour itself. In this latter region sediment has built up considerably, to over 3 m in some locations, and ship-induced motions appear to have had an impact. Despite these changes the overall depth of the eastern part of the harbour has changed little. This work is of interest to maritime archaeologists because it brings out the types of processes by which sediments can accumulate and be removed thus altering a harbour’s seabed and potentially burying, exposing or erasing archaeological sites and artefacts.     

Immigration,Ancestry and Residence in Sydney

The paper examines the ancestry of Europeans in Sydney and that of the two largest non European groups. Spatial divergence occurs between the English, Scottish and Irish, and divergence from those of Australian ancestry. Residential persistence across generations occurs with persons of Greek, Italian, Maltese and Dutch origins, but not spatial segmentation. While there is greater language persistence in Greek and Italian second and third settlement concentrations, few third generation persons speak their ancestral language at home. The Chinese and Lebanese are compared with Greek and Italian ancestry in their areas of strongest representation. First generation Chinese are evident in areas of both low and high socioeconomic status, but without third generation language persistence. An evolving ethnic mix in Sydney is indicated.     

南太平洋上的明珠——悉尼

<正>从悉尼机场下飞机,坐上巴士,穿过绿树成荫的街道,美丽迷人的海湾映入眼帘,远远地就看见了悉尼最高建筑——悉尼塔。前行半小时左右,被誉为世界建筑艺术经典的悉尼歌剧院就矗立在我们面前了。     

The Hull Construction of Yenikapı 14 (YK 14), a Middle Byzantine Shipwreck from Constantinople's Theodosian Harbour,Istanbul, Turkey

Yenikap? 14 (YK 14) is one of 37 shipwrecks discovered by the Istanbul Archaeological Museums during the Marmaray Project excavations in Istanbul's Yenikap? neighbourhood, the site of Constantinople's Theodosian Harbour. Dated to the 9th century AD, YK 14 is one of a group of Yenikap? round ships constructed using similar methods: it was a flat‐floored, shallow‐draught vessel built primarily of oak using a distinctive combination of shell‐ and skeleton‐based construction methods. Regularly spaced pegs called coaks were used to assemble the hull planking edge‐to‐edge from the keel to the first wale, above which planks were fastened exclusively to frames.     

The Roman Harbour of Alexandria Troas,Turkey

This article summarizes the results of a survey conducted in the area of the ancient harbour of Alexandria Troas. It presents an outline reconstruction of the harbour and explains its significance for our understanding of the region. The harbour is located at the point where two important sea‐routes met and where ships waited for favourable winds to travel through the Dardanelles. It was built in the reign of Augustus and consisted of an outer basin protected by two breakwaters and an inner basin. The area was occupied until the beginning of the 7th century. © 2010 The Author     

漓江秋意浓 醉美乌桕滩

<正>秋是家乡的一片红叶,总在梦里守候,秋是村口的一缕炊烟,常在心中漂游,秋是异乡离人缕缕思念,秋是游子心中一抹乡愁。啊!故乡的秋,你的风采是否依旧?你让我牵挂太长太久,很多想诉的情,没开口就两眼泪流,谁能带走我的乡愁?     

在迈阿密南海滩 享受顶级日光浴

正迈阿密阳光普照的好天气一直是吸引游客的卖点。年平均气温24.5℃,蔚蓝的天空点缀着梦幻般棉花糖似的白云,轻柔的微风能带来一整天的凉爽。而就像迈阿密所处的美洲十字路口地理位置一样,雨水和阳光也在此交汇,时常进发出热烈、新鲜、快乐,以及变化多端的旅行体验。对于裹在围巾大衣里南下,而又在机场换成夏装的美国游客来说,迈阿密被自然地分割成两个典型区域——迈阿密中心区Down Town和南海滩South Beach,迈阿密人自己也这么认为。很     

First record of the trace fossil Protovirgularia from the Middle Permian of southeastern Gondwana (southern Sydney Basin,Australia)

LUO, M. &; SHI G.R., February 2017. First record of the trace fossil Protovirgularia from the Middle Permian of southeastern Gondwana (southern Sydney Basin, Australia). Alcheringa 0, 000–000. ISSN 0311-5518.

This study reports the first examples of well-preserved chevronate trails referable to Protovirgularia longespicata De Stefani, 1885 Stefani, DE.C., 1885. Studi paleozoologici sulle creta superiore e media dell' Apennino settentionale. Atti della Reale Accademia dea Lincei, Memorie 22, 101?134. [Google Scholar] from the early Middle Permian (Roadian) upper Wandrawandian Siltstone of the southern Sydney Basin, southeastern Australia. The highly meandering trace with closely spaced, papillate chevrons is interpreted to have been produced by the locomotion-feeding behaviour of certain protobranch bivalves in an offshore environment. The dense trails occurring on the upper bedding planes of pebbly siltstone may represent a gregarious lifestyle, where junior and senior individuals of the trace-maker bivalves coexisted while moving within sediments. The Wandrawandian Protovirgularia also represents the first known occurrence of this ichnotaxon from a glaciomarine environment in the Permian eastern Gondwana. The global record of Protovirgularia occurrences suggests that these trails had a wide environmental distribution since the Cambrian, and there is no obvious difference in the environmental distribution of Protovirgularia after the Permian?Triassic transition.

Mao Luo [m.luo@deakin.edu.au] and G.R. Shi [guang.shi@deakin.edu.au], Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, VIC 3125, Australia.     

去享受阳光和沙滩吧!

＂海外风光别一家,四时杨柳四时花。寒来暑往无人会,只看桃行纪岁华。＂古人曾这样描述海南岛的四季如春、风景秀美。这里绿树成荫,这里海水湛蓝,这里阳光灿烂,这里暖风熏人,这里是过冬的好地方!冬天了,去海南吧,给自己放个暖暖的假!     

Report on Underwater Excavation at the Phoenician Harbour,Atlit, Israel

Atlit is a small Phoenician settlement on the Carmel coast, with an artificial harbour, built during Iron Age II, before the Assyrian occupation, and used until the end of the Persian era. There are no remains of any later construction, in contrast to other Phoenician ports such as Sidon and Tyre. The study of Atlit harbour has therefore provided invaluable information on the positioning, planning and construction of Phoenician harbours in the Levant. This article is a summary of the most recent underwater excavation seasons at the harbour, and presents our conclusions on construction techniques and their historical implications. © 2009 The Author     

沉醉在缤纷悉尼 请不要把我叫醒

<正>世人偏爱悉尼,他们用许多称呼赞美这座移民大城市。千帆之都、自由之都、不夜之都,外露张扬的悉尼、功能性的悉尼、内心宁静的悉尼,其实都指向了一点,悉尼是色彩缤纷的,它是南十字星照耀之下的宇宙彩色之都。而悉尼的彩色又不是自然神秘的,许许多多的色彩大师来到这里,用精华至极的创意和设计赋予城市与众不同的生命力。     

Marine Magnetic Survey of a Submerged Roman Harbour, Caesarea Maritima, Israel

A marine geophysical survey was conducted at Caesarea Maritima, Israel, to map the buried structure of King Herod's Roman harbour. Magnetic surveys reveal the presence of an extensive hydraulic concrete foundation below the ruined harbour moles. The magnetic anomaly patterns indicate that the concrete foundation was laid out in header fashion along N-S and W-E trending segments to form two large 'artificial islands'. Magnetic lows within the structure identify baffles that were infilled with sand to stabilise the concrete foundation walls.
© 2004 The Nautical Archaeology Society     

Locational Conflict in Metropolitan areas: Melbourne and Sydney, 1989

A content analysis of newspaper reports of locational conflict in Melbourne and Sydney in 1989 revealed very similar overall patterns. Although locational conflict peaked in central areas, it was widespread in both cities, with the main disputes being about noxious nuisances and transport facilities. The main difference between the cities was that Melbourne had more conflicts relating to commercial land use. Overall, a great many locational conflicts pitted State Governments against individuals or pressure groups of one sort or another.     

Changes in unemployment differentials in Sydney, 1947–76

This paper describes the historical development of spatial patterns of male and female unemployment rates within Sydney at each census year from 1947 to 1976, with two objectives: firstly to review the predictions of traditional urban theory that unemployment will be high in inner city areas because of the workforce characteristics of the residents; secondly, to assess the impact of the decentralisation of firms.     

An 18th-century timber wharf in Copenhagen Harbour

Abstract

An archaeological investigation prior to the building of Copenhagen's new Opera House examined an impressive wooden wharf built in the 1780s around Ankerøen, the island on which the Danish navy stored its anchor stocks. When considered with documentary evidence, the excavated structure can be shown to employ a distinctive method of construction, comparable to that used in the so-called 'Hamburg' type of wharf, with a heavy box-like frame fronted with slanting storm posts. It was abandoned by the mid-19th century, when the shape of ships' hulls changed.