关于博物馆环境的讨论

博物馆环境包括博物馆库房环境和展厅环境。环境选择的标准,既要有利于藏品也要有利于观众和研究人员。全文从博物馆内温湿度、照明、大气污染、生物侵害等方面着手,对博物馆环境的影响因素进行分析并提出相应对策。     

露天博物馆卢克索

世界主要民族对于生死的方向基本雷同,如古埃及、印度教和中华民族,都认为西方代表死亡和极乐,东方代表新生与成长. 从公元前22世纪第11王朝的法老蒙图霍特普一世建都开始,到公元前27年被地震摧毁,底比斯承载着2000多年的古埃及文明史.据说当年有城门百座,是最繁华富庶的都市,荷马史诗里称其“百门之都”,阿拉伯人赞为“宫殿般的城市”.曾经的底比斯,现在的卢克索,依然是埃及最具魅力的城市,被誉为“世界最大的露天博物馆”.     

深圳青瓷博物馆

中国是举世公认的瓷国,早在公元前1600年的商代就已发明了瓷器,它的出现比欧美国家大约要早15个世纪,对人类的生产活动产生了不可估量的推动作用,这也是中国古代劳动人民对世界物质文明作出的巨大贡献之一。因为中国发明的第一件瓷器就是青瓷,所以青瓷也就享有瓷器之“根”、瓷器之“母”的美誉。深圳玺宝楼青瓷博物馆作为我国目前唯一的以收藏。陈列、研究中国古代青瓷为主的专题性博物馆,一出现就引起了国内外考古界和陶瓷界的瞩目,成为各界人士欣然向往的知识殿堂。深圳玺宝楼青瓷博物馆坐落在宝安南路2095号,是一处环境优美、风…     

The motor car from road to museum

The Motoring Landscape, the Pursuit of Performance, and the Cult of Ownership are identified as the thematic strands through which the history of the motor car and motoring can be accessed as heritage. Complex in its multi‐disciplinary character, ephemeral in its products and experiences, it needs to be presented as a democratic and popular culture that is both educational and entertainment.     

5月18日 被人遗忘的国际博物馆日

<正>题记:无论你旅游的目的是风景、人文还是历史,博物馆都以其最原始的状态展现在每一位游人的面前。在诸多的世界纪念日中,"世界博物馆日"常会被人们所忽视。博物馆记录着一个国家和民族的历史和文化,纪念这个日子对每一个国家、每一个民族来说,都有着非常重要的意义。     

The Groningen museum: Urban heritage in fragments

Abstract

Changes in West European cities are discussed by many writers in many different ways with the intention of questioning the aim of post‐modern theories. The new perspective has much influence on social, economic and political forms, and on activities in the city centre: Renewed views of the changes in, and the attention to, the roles that heritage plays or could play in the urban area may be helpful in finding adapted forms of post‐modern management of heritage. Heritage has many intrinsically post‐modern aspects such as its eclecticism, its non‐linearity in time and its fragmentation. To explore some post‐modern aspects of urban heritage, the three main points in the post‐modern discussion: the discussion about reproduction, hyper‐realities and legitimacy, are illustrated and examined on the basis of the Groningen Museum, a local museum built a few years, ago in a medium‐sized city in the northern Netherlands.     

寻找千古之谜的钥匙——记新疆吐鲁番地区博物馆

日前所知,地球上曾经存在过的最大的哺乳动物是巨犀。一头距今２４００万年前的巨犀,由坚如磐石的骨骼支撑着庞大的躯体,举世罕见,于１９９７年蹒姗走进新疆吐鲁番地区博物馆,成为镇馆之宝,每年吸引着成千上万的中外游人前来一睹其风采。 这是一座外观简捷明快、造型独特的综合性博物馆。正壁以淡黄色瓷砖平铺,象征茫茫荒漠戈壁;间用红色瓷砖镶嵌点饰,喻意人类不断地战胜大自然,创造出灿烂的文化和高度的文明,蓬蓬勃勃,繁衍不息。馆内长年对外开放的展厅,现在有三个,除“巨犀化石陈列厅”外,还有“吐鲁番历史文物陈列厅”、…     

Books as museum objects

This paper considers the problems raised by the holding of books in museums, as opposed to libraries, when they have been collected and donated to such institutions, not primarily as works of reference or as literature, but rather as art objects in themselves. Books in such a context present difficulties for curators and public alike, and these issues range from the organisational to the philosophical. Matters of conservation, presentation and Interpretation are all touched upon in order to stimulate discussion of the very nature of books themselves.     

The role of the museum in interpretation: The problem of context

The key questions in interpreting objects in museums are: What are they doing there? and Where did they come from? National and local importance are not mutually exclusive: the critical difference is between intrinsic value, and value through context or association. Context is an integral part of interpretation. Experts can visualise an original location or environment; ordinary museum visitors need the context of people, or place, or familiar activities, to be able to relate to unfamiliar objects. Is seeing a good replica as good as seeing the original?     

博物馆文物保存环境质量标准研究

我国大气污染严重,环境质量恶化使文物受损影响日益明显。上海、重庆、广州三市博物馆环境质量检测调查说明其现状与文物保护的要求还有相当距离,有些甚至还处于污染相当严重的地步。博物馆文物保存环境影响因素主要是温湿度、光线(可见光、紫外光)、污染气体(包括尘埃),不同材质的文物受各种环境因素影响在程度上是不同的。有的是起主要作用,有的则是起协同增效作用。研究其反应机理、反应速率,量化它们之间的关系,将是制定出文物保存环境质量标准的重要依据。 文物保存环境质量标准要求达到最大限度降低环境因素对文物所造成的损害,但受治理技术、监测技术、经济的许可、合理程度等方面的制约,制定分级标准将有利博物馆的环境治理实施和监测。     

荟萃中原文物尽展华夏风采--走进河南博物院

滚滚黄河,奔腾不息,孕育了智慧、尊严、英雄的史诗,历一代先人们创造的光辉业绩,谱写了中华民族的辉煌历史。今天,满布于中原大地繁星点点般的文物古迹,正是中华民族悠久历史文化的载体。而矗立于黄河之滨、河南省省会郑州市的河南博物院,则是这个载体的苦革之地。它以大量的文物精品、现代化的陈列手段,展开了波澜壮阔的历史画卷,谱写了华夏文明史上的壮丽篇章。河南博物院是我国馆藏文物数量最多的博物馆之一,现有各类藏品１３万多件,上至白垩纪的恐龙蛋化石,下迄近现代文物,尤以史前文物、商周青铜器。历代陶瓷器最具特色,…     

Studying museum material and collections

In modern post‐Renaissance western society, museums are the political and cultural institutions entrusted with holding the material evidence, real things, which constitute much modern knowledge. The paper considers some aspects of museums as institutions holding this material evidence – the institutional relationship to accepted knowledge and value, the implication in the social and economic system and the visible architectural display, – which make up the messages which museums communicate to their visitors through exhibitions and interpretive projects. Three related aspects of interpretation which belong with each museum object and specimen are examined, professional care, interpretive approaches and the nature of collections. Finally, these threads are drawn together to suggest a framework of research and investigation which underpins the approach to our understanding of this aspect of the heritage, and points the way to future work.     

博物馆,当可以免费走进

<正>政策:中宣部、财政部、文化部、国家文物局1月23日联合下发《关于全国博物馆、纪念馆免费开放的通知》。根据通知,全国各级文化文物部门归口管理的公共博物馆、纪念馆,全国爱国主义教育示范基地将全部实行免费开放。     

博物馆多媒体陈展刍议

本文从博物馆传承历史的本质属性出发,以目前博物馆在多媒体展示方面的一些工程项目为例,分析了其中的得失成败,提出了博物馆在采用多媒体展示时所应该遵循的原则。     

The British commercial development industry

Academic and professional accounts of the commercial development industry often portray an implicit but false picture of homogeneity, when in reality the sector is highly diverse. This diversity has important implications for the production of the built environment, since the extent to which particular developers see themselves also as dealers or investors will colour their approach to a development project. Building on earlier work, this paper therefore presents a four-fold typology of the British commercial development industry, by distinguishing between property dealers, developer/dealers, developer/investors and investor/developers. Recent case studies are included in each case to demonstrate how the motives, operations and financial stability of each type of developer reflect this distinction.     

论博物馆管理中的控制应用

博物馆在管理工作中既要遵循一般性管理原则,也要针对本身特点有所侧重。控制是管理的步骤之一,有效实施控制,是管理工作成功的关键。     

The red line over European colonialism: comparison of the Macao museum and Hong Kong museum of history after their return to China

Hong Kong and Macao were once European colonies. A unique, hybrid culture of East and West now flourishes in these two Special Administrative Regions (SARs) of China. Both cities opened new history museums in 1998, but they adopted remarkably different approaches in their representation of their complicated and politically sensitive history. The Hong Kong Museum of History (HKMH) represents history by closely following the orientation of traditional Chinese nationalism. The postcolonial characteristics adopted by the Macao Museum to reproduce history, in contrast, are likely amongst the richest of all history museums in China. What are the reasons behind the different historical representations by Hong Kong and Macao, which were both promised a ‘One country, Two systems’ policy by the Chinese central authority? This paper argues that both museums reveal two faces of a rising China; the one in Hong Kong emphasises national dignity, and the people’s identification with and loyalty to the nation when it is engaged in state building. The one in Macao emphasises the multiple roles in finding a balanced position to coexist with superpowers, forging friendships with developing countries and building an idealised image of a (re-)rising nation through historical construction. The difference between these two museums indicates the exceptional flexibility of China’s postcommunist regime in engaging in soft power diplomacy.