日本资本主义制度确立时期的财政政策

1877年的西南战争使明治政府真正实现了中央集权。从1877年西南战争结束至1889年《大日本帝国宪法》的颁布,为日本近代资本主义制度确立时期。此间明治政府建立并完善内阁制,开设国会,制定并颁布宪法,建立近代天皇制;与其相适应,财政上,在致力于建立、完善近代财政金融制度的同时,开始由积极财政政策向财政紧缩政策转变。本文重点探讨此间明治政府财政政策转变的原因、内容及影响。     

Deregulation and Restructuring of the Australian Cane Sugar Industry

The growing and processing of sugar cane was one of the most tightly regulated industries in Australia until the recent introduction of a series of deregulating measures. This paper outlines the nature and historical development of controls in the various sectors of the sugar industiy, and focuses upon deregulation as introduced during the last decade. Restructuring of the industry, partly in response to deregulation and partly through the continuing international farm crisis, is seen as favouring large growers, some penetration of the processing sector by foreign capital, and inter-state rivalry amongst processors. It is likely that growth of production by international competitors will continue to depress sugar prices and restrict any short- and medium-term benefits from deregulation accruing to Australian growers and processors.     

东瀛读书记

一九九七年,笔者应日本京都大学大学院之邀,为文学研究科作"中唐文学研究"特别讲义.一年居东瀛,获读多处图书馆藏书,累积笔记不一,其中颇有稀见清代文籍.今略择十数种加以介绍,俾治文史者考镜参证.顾惟学殖浅陋,闻见狭隘,疵缪之处尚望方家有以教之.     

日本三内丸山遗址考察随记

1999年11月在日本群马县立历史博物馆的一个多月期间,由日本友人高崎市教育委员会的横仓兴一先生安排并陪同,我们去青森市考察了几处日本绳纹时代的遗址,三内丸山遗址即是其中之一。该遗址的调查、发掘以及保护、宣传教育、旅游观光等是很富有日本特色的,可作为一个典型,其中有些做法对我国遗址的保护、利用是很有借鉴作用的,现介绍于下,以作他山之石。     

The Impact of U.S. Airline Deregulation on Airport Traffic Patterns

This paper surveys changes in the U.S. National Airway System since the 1960s. The most appropriate measures for summarizing air traffic distributions at airports are investigated, with the Gini Index of Concentration being used extensively to analyze U.S. airport traffic patterns over a twenty-four-year period. The properties of the Gini index and other measures are compared and discussed in detail in the context of analyzing air traffic distributions. It is shown how concentration in the traffic patterns at the larger airports was at a high level prior to deregulation, but since 1978, the patterns have gradually become even more concentrated.     

The Industrial Heritage in Japan

Abstract

Although Japan had begun to learn Western technology from the mid-sixteenth century, it was immediately before the Meiji Restoration in 1868 that the imminent necessity of industrialization was realized by a few farsighted leaders of some feudal clans. Thereafter, her industrialization made rapid progress down to the time of World War II, when much industrial equipment was lost in the massive air-raids.

The loss of her pre-war plants was further aggravated by the extensive renewal of old-fashioned buildings and machines, carried out during the period of her economic growth in the 1960s. This paper attemps to describe how the surviving industrial monuments from several representative sections of industry are preserved either on site or in museums, and how their study has recently been taken up in Japan.     

当代日本新保守主义思潮研究

当代日本新保守主义,可以视为日本政治思想史上冷战终结前后,保守主义发展过程中的一个新思潮。它的出现同日本近代历史的保守主义和战后传统保守主义的发展历史极为相似。从纯粹意义的政治思想史角度,无法确定其标志性的思想起源。相反,却可以从其政治人物的政论和政治行动中,清晰地反映出它产生、发展的轨迹。     

拍鸟自由行:从北海道到东京

<正>第一次去日本自由行,首选目的地是日本的北海道。北海道四季如画,而冬季的二月最唯美,最梦幻。这次行程8晚9天,重点是拍鸟,另一个心愿是欣赏莽莽雪域的壮丽,感受渗透着古典韵味的日本现代文化。2019年2月19日,我们搭乘全日空航班从上海出发,经东京转机,下午抵达北海道北部的中标津机场。机场有两路大巴,一路发往知床,一路发往根室,知床和根室为南北方向,两地均是拍鸟的胜地。我选择了走根室,因为这条线路拍鸟相对容易。     

关于日本的风俗业

战后,日本门除公娼制度.《卖春防止法》的颁布,标志着日本从法律上成为禁止性交易的国家,但没有完全遏制性交易的发展.《风俗营业的规制与业务适当化等相关法律》在一定程度上抑制了性交易的公开化、透明化,保护了青少年的健康成长,但为性交易的发生提供了的场所、创造了条件.这两部法律构成了对性交易予以“限制”与“疏导”的基础.此外,性交易双方及普通民众对性交易行为本身的接纳方面持宽容态度.     

日本的东北亚研究

冷战结束之后,日本的东北亚研究走向繁荣,成立了很多专门的研究机构,研究内容涉及社会、自然等各个领域,每年出版大量的有关刊物与学术专著,举办多种形式的学术研讨会等。随着东亚一体化的发展,这一研究还会继续深入。