论影响择偶男女价值量评估的诸因素

恋爱择偶过程中的男女双方是离不开互相评估的,这种评估虽不称其为“资产评估”,但依然是价值量的评估。双方互为“评估师”,互为评估对象。评估内容为构成爱情的各有形要件和无形要件的价值量,评估结果为是否确立夫妻关系的依据。影响择偶男女价值量评估的因素主要有四个方面:一是评估的主体,二是评估的客体,三是评估所处的时代,四是评估所处的地域。一个人,具备科学的评估头脑,掌握有效的评估方法,对赢得真挚爱情并确立美满婚姻意义重大。     

对博物馆评估、定级的回顾与思考

在系统梳理中美在博物馆评估和定级方面的行业实践和国内学术研究情况的基础上,对2008-2010年开展的中国博物馆评估和定级工作进行探讨。从评估方法、评估指标体系、评估申报书设计等视角,对比了2008年、2010年的国家一级博物馆的评估工作的同异,认为2008年的博物馆评估借鉴了中国图书馆行业的评估;2008年到2010年的评估工作,是逐步完善的过程。针对现在中国的‘博物馆评估’、‘博物馆运行评估’,是否可定名为博物馆定级和博物馆评估,赋予两类工作不同的功能、目标、理念,分类指导。     

环境解说评估研究综述

环境解说评估具有导向、鉴定、改进、管理、调控以及服务功能。国外的环境解说评估注重运用定性与定量分析结合的方式,研究内容包括：游客对解说媒体满意度和偏好、环境解说评估的方法和效果、环境解说的综合评估、环境解说评估标准等。国内相关研究起步比较晚,研究内容多为探讨解说效果和游客满意度,也有少量关于环境解说评估的理论思考以及评估方式探讨。本文认为,需要进一步扩展环境解说评估的对象,丰富环境解说评估的方法,加强前期评估和阶段评估的研究,并建立起环境解说标准。     

党要不断完善执政方略的评估体系

完善党的执政方略的评估体系具有极端的紧迫性和重要性。为了使评估科学、公正,必须增加评估主体,促进评估主体多元化,重视发挥媒体的作用,还应积极引进专家学者和专门机构参与评估实践。构建执政方略的评估体系,关键是要确定科学的评估标准。     

旅游地游憩价值评估研究进展

近50年来,旅游地游憩价值评估成为一个热点研究领域,为相关自然保护区、景区的管理与决策起到重大作用。我国从20世纪80年代也出现了游憩价值评估的探索。综合分析国外的相关资料,旅游地游憩价值评估主要集中于旅游地环境资源总经济价值评估、生态旅游发展与政策评估、游憩项目评估和评估方法的研究,主要使用费用支出法、旅行费用法和条件估值法等方面。我国的游憩价值评估主要集中在森林游憩价值领域,方法应用和研究规范上与国外尚有差距。此外,针对我国部分研究将出现将游憩价值评估与经营资产价值评估糅合,认为游憩价值评估与经营资产价值评估是两条独立的主线,不应互相混淆。     

税收分析与纳税评估

纳税评估的法规、评估机构和评估方法以及评估的指标监控等要素构成了整个纳税评估的活动。纳税评估的各个环节和要素之间不是孤立存在的,而是相互联系、相互制约和相互补充的内在关系,想要实现纳税评估效率的提升,就需要做好全面的考虑。税收分析是税收管理的重要内容,税收分析包括宏观税收分析和微观税收分析。宏观税收分析一般通过税收与宏观经济     

黑龙江省农用地评估沿革考

新中国成立后,黑龙江省进行了若干次具有重要影响的农地评估。本文从评估年代、评估背景、评估目的、技术路线等特征,对各次评估进行了考察。     

实体正义与程序正义的冲突和融合——精神病人同意能力评估模式的伦理研究

精神病人同意能力评估模式包括经验评估和技术评估两大类,经验评估模式的伦理基础依遇于实体正义,技术评估模式的伦理意蕴依遇于程序正义。根据近现代伦理理论,技术评估模式比经验评估模式更具道德优先性。在当前我国精神病人同意能力评估实践中,大力推广技术评估模式有利于防范"被精神病"现象。     

论我国公民作为政府绩效评估的主体

建立科学的公共部门绩效评估体系和政绩考核标准,是大势所趋。评估的目的是为了更好地提高公共管理的效率,形成科学的目标导向,优化行政资源配置,使各部门更好地为人民服务。在评估过程中,绩效评估的主体选择最终关系到政府绩效评估能否真正发挥促进公共生产力的作用。随着西方社会新管理运动的发展要求,公民作为政府绩效评估主体及公民作为社会的主体参与政府绩效评估已成为社会发展的趋势。     

高校评估中教学档案管理的重要性及工作创新

以高校评估为切入点,论述了教学档案在高校评估中的作用,高校评估与高校档案管理是一种相辅相成、互为基础、相互促进的关系,高校档案是高校评估的基础和支撑,高校评估促进高校档案建设。搞好教学档案管理首先要重视教学档案管理工作;其次要完善教学档案管理工作.只有对传统档案工作从观念和管理方式方法方面进行创新,才能适应高校评估的需要。     

图们江“金三角”国际性城市体系发展构想

本文论述了图们江地区国际性城市体系建设的必要性,提出了城市体系等级结构、职能结构和空间结构的构建设想及管理原则,并初步估算了城市体系发展各项基础设施建设及投资规模。     

社会价值评价论析

社会是个人及群体之间以一定的协作方式耦合而成的关系系统,社会评价质言之是它的代表者的评价。社会评价不等于对社会的评价。社会的需要和利益是社会评价标准的真实基础,社会进步和人的自由全面发展最充分地反映了社会的需要和闪闪,是一切社会评价标准的最高前提和最终依据。社会评价的科学性与合理性有赖于对评价主体、评价对象和评价标准的正确把握。     

Viewing animal bodies: truths,practical aesthetics and ethical considerability in UK livestock breeding

This paper focuses on the production of aesthetic ‘truths’ in UK livestock breeding, drawing on detailed qualitative research with breeders and breed societies. It extends emerging interest in the aesthetic in human geographical research, examining how aesthetic judgements about non-human animals depend, in part, on the agency of the animal and their inter-subjective relations with humans in specific places. Aesthetic evaluation further produces implicit judgements about animals' ethical considerability, at the same time obscuring the effects of such judgements on their framing and treatment. Aesthetic evaluation is thus related to sets of material and ethical interests. The paper develops a more-than-human reading of Foucault's biopower, which explores how truths about visual evaluations of animals become established. Two empirical perspectives explore, first, a ‘relational practical aesthetic’ for evaluating beef cattle and sheep, exploring the implications of the aesthetic framing of specific animals and, second, the tensions involved in looking at animals when different aesthetic truths conflict and when traditions of aesthetic evaluation encounter genetic modes of evaluation. The paper concludes by discussing the ethical implications of ongoing transformations of evaluative modes in livestock breeding, suggesting that shifts away from inter-subjective modes of aesthetic evaluation further diminish the ethical status of animals.     

A Simplified Procedure to Select a Suitable Retrofit Strategy for Existing RC Buildings Using Pushover Analysis

Over the past ten years, the development of analytical procedures to accurately evaluate the seismic performance of existing buildings has gathered the attention of researchers. This has resulted in the publication of several standards, which, however, inadequately cover the issue of retrofit strategy selection. In the present article, a procedure that allows a comparison of available strategies in order to select the optimum solution for an existing deficient building is proposed. The procedure is based on calculating the pushover curve for the unstrengthened structure. A capacity spectrum is then estimated assuming different retrofit scenarios, which is then used for the evaluation of the strategies. The latter is based on criteria that assess the main structural system characteristics and how each solution benefits them. The final step of the procedure introduces simplified rules that allow the approximate design of each retrofit solution, which allows the evaluation of their applicability. The proposed procedure was applied to two idealized buildings with different structural systems. Results obtained indicate that less effective or inapplicable rehabilitation strategies were properly detected. Thus, the results were considered acceptable in terms of identifying the possible optimum strategy, which, however, should be verified with a detailed design of the retrofit system.     

Imagining the social impact of museums and galleries: interrogating cultural policy through an empirical study

This paper aims to contribute to an understanding of how museums and galleries are regulated through an examination of the production and implementation of policy. It concentrates on those aspects that view them as vehicles through which social policy, such as that dealing with social inequality, can be implemented. To do this, it identifies the ways that motivations, behaviours and social outcomes of engagement are imagined by New Public Management-derived policy, and audit and evaluation tools. This is then examined using the results of a study of how visitors consume contemporary visual art galleries in north-east England, UK. The study concludes that the complex nature of engagement cannot be accommodated by policy in its present form and cannot be captured by existing audit and evaluation tools. It suggests that new approaches that acknowledge the roles visitors play in the construction of meanings need to be developed.     

Empirical Evaluation of Alternative Model Specifications to Predict Commuting Flows

This study is devoted to empirical and modeling aspects on how characteristics of spatial structure influence commuting flows. Within a doubly-constrained framework, results from a competing-destinations formulation are evaluated and compared to results from the traditional gravity model. The evaluation depends critically upon the specification of within-zone journeys-to-work. Specific labor-market characteristics are found to be significant to explain how workers are absorbed in diagonal elements of the trip-distribution matrix. We also find that the parametric specification of the accessibility measure is important, and that the competing-destinations formulation is superior to the traditional gravity model.     

Beyond the divide: evaluation in co-evolutionary spatial planning

Spatial developments are becoming increasingly a-linear and dynamic with a wide range of possible actors. The awareness of uncertainty is growing and, therefore, projects need to integrate a high level of flexibility. But simultaneously, there is a growing demand for more informed and well-argued decisions. Predictions from the ‘best estimated model’ are no longer credible nor accepted, being too fragile and uncertain. How can we keep long-lasting, multi-actor projects in permanent transition on track? This expresses an important demand for more integrated evaluation in spatial planning. In this respect, this paper analyses existing theoretical evaluation strategies and how these strategies deal with spatial developments. They are still usually structured along static, generic and circular approaches; in fact, many neglect the dynamic, plural and a-linear realities. Therefore, this paper develops a post-structural evaluation approach for various planning issues and different playing fields of actors, followed by an illustration of the various settings for this approach in a Flemish case. Finally, we discuss how spatial planning and future plans might be evaluated with a dissipative role for evaluation.     

An Efficient Search Strategy for Site-Selection Decisions in an Expert System

This paper describes an algorithm for spatial search, which is used in an expert system for site selection. The algorithm, named ProfMat, is able to find the best site in the area of interest even when the number of possible sites is large and many decision criteria are involved. Compared to commonly used search procedures, ProfMat improves the efficiency of spatial search in two ways. First, the best site is identified through an iterative rather than a linear process of selection and evaluation of optional sites. Second, an area is searched by narrowing down the focus to increasingly smaller areas and, thus, sites are evaluated as much as possible groupwise. The ProfMat procedure is illustrated by analyzing the problem of retail site selection. A comparison with alternative search procedures shows that ProfMat considerably reduces the evaluation costs needed to find the best site. The implementation of the algorithm in an expert system shows how ProfMat can be used in combination with specialist's knowledge to solve site-selection problems. The efficiency of the procedure allows considering large sets of optional sites, so that it may improve the quality of the outcome.     

我国中西部老工业基地产业衰退地域评价方法和特征研究

论文提出了评价产业衰退地域的指标体系,构建了基于综合评分和自组织神经网络的评价和分类模型,把我国中西部老工业基地划分为产业衰退特征明显的、具有较强的产业衰退特征、呈现出一定的产业衰退特征和产业衰退特征不明显的4大类城市,并分析了各种类型城市的特征和存在的问题。     

The Selection of Elements of the Physical-Geographic Environment and of Aspects of Human Occupance for an Evaluation of Physical Living Conditions

A review of research undertaken by the author, together with Ye. B. Lopatina, on the evaluation of the effect of various components of the natural environment on particular aspects of human occupance of a specific territory. The present paper attempts to select, group, and systematize the environmental elements to be evaluated in the form of a matrix, in which the character and the degree of the effect of each environmental factor are indicated. The matrix shows, for example, how a relief element, such as absolute elevation, affects public health or the esthetic-psychological perception of the environment, over how large an area, during what period of time, and what particular population groups. It also indicates whether the particular environmental effect is amenable to transformation.