Zoning and Neighbourhood Change: the Annex in Toronto, 1900–1970

Most models of neighbourhood change envisage an insignificant role for zoning, whereas contemporary analyses of the politics of land use change treat it as a major means of controlling change. In the Annex neighbourhood, where zoning was potentially able to prevent all major land use changes after 1900, it proved to be only a minor influence, whether in its enforcement or through new zoning restrictions. In the long run, zoning and the political control of zoning responded to, rather than modified, the dominant economic and social forces which produced change in the neighbourhood.
La plupart des modèles de changement de quartier envisagent un rle peu important en ce qui concerne l'aménagement de tenitoire tandis que les analyses contemporaines de la politique du changement du développement des terrains le traitent comme un moyen principal de contrbler les changements. Dans le quartier Annex, après le début du siècle, l'aménagement du tenitoire aurait pu virtuellement empêcher tout changement en ce qui concemait le développement des terrains. Au contraire, l'aménagement du tenitoire n'est aujourd hui qu'une influence secondaire soit à cause de la manitre de son application soit h cause des nouvelles restrictions qu'il a entamées. En fin de compte, l'amknagement de temtoire aussi bien que son contrble politique ont suivi plutht que de modifier les forces économiques et sociales dominantes qui ont à leur tour produit des changements dans le quartier.     

Spatial Mismatch and the Structure of American Metropolitan Areas, 1970–2000

Abstract.  This paper analyzes the impact of employment and population shifts in U.S. metropolitan areas from 1970 to 2000 on a spatial mismatch index to determine how metropolitan residents reacted to changes in metropolitan employment distributions. In particular, it seeks to determine whether suburban employment growth created new areas to which access is valued or whether it repelled metropolitan residents and sparked population growth in more distant suburban locations. The results show that residents tended to move away from areas gaining jobs. Black residents, on the other hand, appeared to be attracted to areas that are experiencing employment growth.     

Regional survey and the economic geographies of Britain 1930–1939

This paper re-considers the history of economic geography in the interwar period in Britain. The activities of the discipline are considered in the context of the commercial geographies of this time, and the intensive round of industrial and social surveys undertaken at a regional level in Britain in the period. Taken together, these economic geographies constructed a range of representational and material spaces and helped construct industrial regions characterized by particular types of places, peoples and performances. These surveys, and the production of the economic geographies that they facilitated, became a key intellectual arena where conflicting ideas about the political and economic management of the industrial region and the national economic were acted out. Following the intention of recent work into the histories of geographical knowledge, the essay will seek out the lateral associations of economic geography, paying particular attention to politically situated nature of the economic geographies produced by academics, regional organizations and the Labour Party.     

Animal landscapes: otters and wildfowl in England 1945–1970

The paper considers otter hunting and wildfowling in England between 1945 and 1970, showing how arguments over human conduct in relation to the animal were linked to scientific studies of populations, moral arguments over cruelty and the abilities of field sports to restyle themselves as modern. If wildfowling restyles itself as a new conservationist practice, otter hunting is increasingly regarded as a form of landed barbarism. Detailed studies of Herefordshire and Norfolk are drawn upon alongside national debates. The paper emphasizes the effects of geography in debates over such practices, extending work on animal geographies through the study of animal landscapes.