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1.
为解决早晚高峰交通拥堵问题,有必要研究居民通勤特征,为城市规划、管理提供参考。本文以西安为实证研究对象,采用空间分层随机抽样法发放问卷进行调查研究,并将研究结果与东部类似城市北京进行对比。研究发现西安居民通勤以公共交通为主,但地面交通中私家车高于公交车;通勤时间反映职住分离程度低于东部;以内部通勤和内向通勤为主,同时,运用引力模型对通勤流与城市空间结构的关系进行计算,发现通勤流反映城市空间结构为单中心,在分析通勤特征背后原因的基础上,从城市规划的角度提出相应的治堵建议。 相似文献
2.
城市居民职住空间关系是指城市居民居住地和工作地之间的社会空间关系,是城市空间结构的重要研究内容。体制转型时期中国城市居民职住空间关系正在经历着翻天覆地的变化。本文主要从职住空间关系研究学派、职住空间平衡和城市通勤、居住选择和居住空间分异等方面对国内外相关研究进行述评,认为国内相关研究应注重社会调查,加强个体层面的研究,从体制转型和个体社会经济特征等角度寻求城市居民职住空间关系及其演化的形成机制,并注重特殊群体,如外来人口、城市贫困人口和原单位制社区居民等社会群体的职住空间关系和社会空间后果研究。 相似文献
3.
西部大城市居民通勤特征及其与城市空间结构的关系研究——以成都市为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以成都市为实证研究对象,在大规模问卷调查的基础上,对西部大城市居民通勤基本特征进行了研究。分析发现,西部大城市居民通勤方式以公共交通为主,选择私家车作为通勤工具的比例较高;大部分居民的通勤时间在30分钟以内,通勤距离小于5km。和北京、广州等东部大城市相比,西部大城市职住分离现象还不是非常严重;不同属性居民的通勤时间存在差异,西方空间错位假说反映的城市社会空间不平等现象在中国西部大城市同样存在并逐步显化;通勤空间组织特征与城市结构以及城市功能分区存在密切的关系;西部大城市的快速发展对居民日常通勤影响较大。 相似文献
4.
大连市民通勤特征研究 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:17
以大连市民日常生活行为调查的结果为基础,根据就业人口及就业岗位的分布信息等进行通勤工具、通勤时间、通勤距离等通勤基本特征的分析,并着重从通勤发生的角度,研究通勤现象的距离衰减规律及其空间结构模式。 相似文献
5.
Richard Smith 《国际历史评论》2016,38(2):339-355
ABSTRACTThis article examines the private life of Sir Edward Grey in order to explore some of the contradictions in Grey's character that continue to interest biographers and academics: he was apparently without ambition yet he pursued a successful political career; he longed to live his life in the country but spent much of it working in London; he was a man whose reputation was built on honesty and integrity but recent studies hint at extra-marital affairs and illegitimate children. It shows that Grey had an aptitude for public life and a desire to satisfy a sense of public duty but was reluctant to become defined by it, having other passions as countryman and naturalist. But the balance in his life between work and leisure became increasingly strained due to the pressures of a ministerial career and the changing nature of politics. It also finds that Grey's personal life was not without colour, even if not all the infidelities attributed to him seem credible. In addition the article contributes to the debate over whether Sir Edward Grey was an ‘ambitious political operator’ or a ‘gentleman amateur’. 相似文献
6.
John Aitchison and Harold Carter, Language, Economy and Society: The Changing Fortunes of the Welsh Language in the Twentieth Century P. Hubbard, Sex and the City: Geographies of Prostitution in the Urban West Graham P. Chapman, Ashok K. Dutt and Robert W. Bradnock (eds) Urban Growth and Development in Asia Eike W. Schamp, Vernetzte Produktion: Industriegeographie aus institutioneller Perspektive Tim Hall and Phil Hubbard (eds) The Entrepreneurial City: Geographies of Politics, Regime and Interpretation 相似文献
7.
城市空间快速扩张及郊区中心的崛起,带来多中心城市结构的演变及一系列城市问题。已有研究较少针对对郊区就业者的工作与通勤行为,未能全面地反映新职住“空间错位”。本文基于2012年对北京上地就业者的日常活动与出行调查数据得出以下结论:①主动郊区化的侧面通勤者体现出典型的郊区生活方式: “朝九晚六”、加班明显,生活活动空间更加广域化。②在郊区化过程中被动调整的逆通勤者职住距离最长、依赖公共交通通勤、“早出晚归”、错峰出行、生活活动空间呈现以家和工作地为主的“两极化”特征。③郊区中心内部相对职住接近的就地通勤者,在享受工作与通勤便利性(如职住接近、“晚出早归”)的同时活动空间高度隔离集中在郊区中心。 相似文献
8.
Maarten Van Ham Pieter Hooimeijer Clara H. Mulder 《Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie = Journal of economic and social geography = Revue de géographie économique et humaine = Zeitschrift für ?konomische und soziale Geographie = Revista de geografía económica y social》2001,92(2):231-246
Deconcentration of employment is the driving force behind the rise of the complex urban forms of the polycentric city and the polynucleated metropolis. It is often assumed that the deconcentration process improves job access for average and highly skilled workers, allowing them to move to peripheral residential locations and triggering a new round of urban sprawl. It is also hypothesised that access to suitable job opportunities is withheld from low‐skilled workers living in inner‐city neighbourhoods as a result of the deconcentration of low‐skilled employment beyond their commuting tolerance. In this contribution we illustrate how network‐oriented GIS provides an instrument to enable the evaluation of the job access of residential locations at varying levels of commuting tolerance and for various types of employment. Application of this instrument to the metropolitan area of the Randstad shows that suburban locations in between major employment centres are clearly superior for households with highly skilled workers, making urban sprawl towards residential locations outside the Randstad unlikely. It is also shown that for poorly skilled workers with limited commuting tolerance the central city is still the best place to live. 相似文献
9.
中国城市出现的居住和就业\"空间不匹配\"现象,对就业者日常通勤时间和方式产生了重要影响,进而影响就业者健康状况。依托南京市居民身体活动和健康状况问卷调查数据,根据不同通勤方式身体活动量的大小将就业者的通勤模式分为积极通勤、公共交通通勤和机动车通勤三种,构建多项Logistic回归模型探究城市就业者通勤模式的选择及相关影响因素。结果表明:(1)就业者对自身健康的主观认知和客观身体健康状况以及是否散步等健康行为显著影响通勤模式的选择;(2)通勤时间、加班等与工作相关的变量与就业者机动车通勤显著正相关,雨雪天气与积极通勤显著负相关;(3)个体社会经济属性中性别、年龄、家庭人口规模以及是否拥有小汽车等显著影响通勤模式选择。基于研究结果,本文对如何引导就业者选择更加积极和可持续的通勤模式提出了政策建议。 相似文献
10.
D.J. WALMSLEY 《Geographical Research》2008,46(3):245-254
The work‐life balance is a pressing social issue in Australia but one on which geographers have been relatively silent. Predictions of ‘a leisure society’ have not been fulfilled. Instead, work has come to dominate life in Australia and in many other advanced western societies. The reasons for this are explored. Materialism is at the heart of the work‐life imbalance. There is, however, evidence of a changing work ethic and the emergence of leisure‐orientated lifestyles, albeit with ‘leisure’ interpreted as ‘freedom to’ undertake gratifying activity rather than simply ‘freedom from’ obligatory commitments. Despite the supposed homogenising influence of globalisation and the internet, place will become increasingly important in a leisure‐orientated lifestyle‐led future. 相似文献
11.
This article investigates the incidence of agglomeration externalities in Ecuador, a small-sized, middle-income developing country. In particular, we analyze the role of the informal sector within these relations, since informal employment accounts for a significant part of total employment in the developing countries. Using individual level data and instrumental variable techniques, we investigate the impact of spatial externalities, in terms of population density, local specialization and urban size, on the wages of workers in Ecuadorian cities. The results show that spatial externalities matter also for a small developing country. Moreover, analysis of the interaction between spatial externalities and informality shows that, on average, workers employed in the informal sector do not enjoy significant benefits from agglomeration externalities. Finally, by investigating the possible channels behind spatial agglomeration gains we show that the advantages from agglomeration for formal sector workers may well be accounted for by better job-quality matches and, to a lesser extent, by learning externalities. For informal sector workers, our findings also suggest possible gains from job changes, which offset a penalty for remaining employed in the same occupation. 相似文献
12.
休闲产品主题化发展与经营 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
随着人们生活质量的提高,休闲已成为一种时尚。休闲产业日益兴起,休闲经济对国民经济有着巨大的影响力。在休闲产业经营的过程中,单一的、无特色的休闲产品已不能满足人们的需求,休闲产品主题化成为发展趋势。主题公园、主题酒店、主题旅游和主题购物等就是主题化休闲产品的几种表现形式。 相似文献
13.
网约车的普及重塑了居民的通勤行为。城市建成环境作为居民通勤出行的制约因素,是交通地理学的重要研究议题。采用海口市滴滴出行订单数据,刻画格网尺度的居民通勤时间与通勤距离的空间分异格局,并运用地理探测器分析城市建成环境对居民通勤出行的影响。结果表明:(1)早晚高峰通勤时间在空间上表现为中间集聚、四周分散的分布特征;早晚高峰通勤距离呈现梯度递增的圈层结构。(2)不同维度的建成环境因素对通勤时间和通勤距离的影响程度不一;其中距公交站距离、距市中心距离、职住比、道路邻近度是核心影响因素;人口密度、就业可达性、路网密度产生较为显著的影响。(3)从影响效应看,交通区位优越、职住趋于平衡、道路邻近度高、就业可达性好能引导网约车与多元交通协同发展。结果可为改善交通出行环境、优化居民通勤结构提供借鉴。 相似文献
14.
This paper studies the connection between interregional commuting and interregional migration, using data from the Czech Republic. In principle, prior commuting could either raise or lower the propensity to migrate, depending on whether the existence of commuting alters the benefits of migration by more than it changes the costs. The Czech data, however, indicate that commuting raises the likelihood of migration overall and for nonelderly age groups. But for the elderly, the effect is the reverse, with prior commuting making migration less likely. 相似文献
15.
Letian Zhang 《Journal of Modern Chinese History》2016,10(1):87-97
This essay introduces the Contemporary China Social Life Data and Research Center at Fudan’s School of Social Development and Public Policy and the data the archive has collected. This archive contains data on Lianmin Village in northern Zhejiang Province that provide exceptionally detailed information on economic, political, social, and cultural changes during the period from 1949 to 2000 in China. The archive also collects information on life at the grassroots level, mostly from Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Shanghai, including documents from local government offices and work units. Among the documents collected at the archive, the meeting minutes are especially noteworthy. The archive’s unique collection of private correspondence, personal diaries, and work logs is also enormously valuable to our understanding of contemporary Chinese society. 相似文献
16.
中国大城市旅游休闲业态的空间格局研究:西安案例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
明确大城市旅游休闲业态的分布规律对于提高大城市旅游休闲要素配置效率及完善城市现代服务业体系具有重要意义。本文以机构兴趣点(POI)数据为基础,利用最邻近距离指数、核密度估计及地理探测器等空间分析方法,以西安市为案例探究中国大城市旅游休闲业态空间格局的规律性。结果表明,西安城市旅游休闲总体业态和细分业态均表现为在城市中心局部多核集聚,且业态密度由城市中心区向边缘区梯度递减的分布结构。而这一规律实则为消费市场、CBD区位、经济水平和路网密度等因素综合作用的结果。文章认为,为提高大城市旅游休闲产业要素配置的均衡性与高效性,城市管理者需兼顾城市中心及外围区域的统筹发展,并应在消费引导、资本投入、功能区建设和基础设施优化方面加大对外围区域的支持力度。 相似文献
17.
上海市民休闲行为研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
笔者采用问卷与访谈的调研方式,对上海市民日常休闲行为进行调查。比较了市民在工作日与双休日中休闲活动的分布情况,对不同年龄、职业、性别的上海市民的休闲偏好、休闲时间、休闲花费和休闲态度进行了较详细的分析,并列举出6种阻碍上海市民休闲的因素,从而揭示出上海市民休闲活动的现状。 相似文献
18.
Viviana Carriel Manuel Pérez-Trujillo Marcelo Lufin Miguel Atienza 《Journal of regional science》2024,64(2):462-490
Long-distance commuting (LDC) is an increasingly relevant strategy of labor mobility worldwide and is therefore key to understanding the structure and dynamics of labor markets. However, little is known about the effect that LDC has on the labor market equilibrium of host territories. This paper addresses this gap for the case of Chile. While LDC is a useful strategy for improving salary and employment on a national scale, our results show a negative effect for residents in host territories (on a local scale), particularly when LDC results in commuters with similar characteristics to residents competing for the same jobs. 相似文献
19.
Jonathan Ward 《International Journal of Cultural Policy》2018,24(1):121-138
This paper takes a critical approach to the arts-led regeneration of Margate, south east England. It argues that regeneration policy has effectively utilised local characteristics to recreate Margate as an artful space, and has stimulated a local milieu of artistic and cultural activity. However, though the work of local artists is vital in producing Margate as a creative place, local artists are marginalised by policy interventions focussed on attracting new consumers and investors. Thus, this paper argues that a misplaced policy emphasis is failing to support the labour and social relations on which the interpretation of places as ‘creative’ is built, and arguably undermines the sustainability of an arts-based regeneration. This has implications for culture-led policy, calling for greater attention to be paid to the specific locations in which it is deployed, and to the networks of producers whose labour is critical to its success. 相似文献
20.
网络休闲作为现代人休闲活动中的重要部分,影响着实体空间中的休闲活动,为了辨明其影响表现,本文以\"开心农场\"游戏用户为案例,通过问卷调查获取第一手资料,分析结果显示:首先,人们从事网络休闲的时间越长,对网络休闲的依赖度越高;其次,网络休闲活动越多,非网络休闲活动的距离衰减现象越明显;再次,网络休闲对非网络休闲行为空间构成重构或剥夺的影响,取决于网络休闲的投入程度。对新生期和成长期玩家构成重构的影响;对成熟期和老龄期玩家构成剥夺的影响,并得到线性预测方程。最后,研究局限性和后续可展开的研究被提出。 相似文献