THE DEVELOPING WAY OF THE DECHEN TIBETAN BUDDHIST INSTITUTE

<正>The Dechen Tibetan Buddhist Institute is located about three kilometers from the south end of the town of Shangri-la and approximately one kilometer or so from the Shangri-la airport.Lijiang highway is in front of the institute with its back facing a beautiful scenic view on a small primitive mountain.The Dechen Buddhist Institute was founded     

云南少数民族获食模式探讨

获食模式的差异源于人类对不同生态环境的适应。云南少数民族获食模式的多样性,既是各民族对当地生态环境适应的结果,也是各民族饮食结构差异的主要原因,同时反映出云南各少数民族经济社会发展的不平衡性和文化的多样性。本文根据自然环境和生产方式的差异,把云南少数民族的获食模式分为高山峡谷农牧型、刀耕火种-狩猎采集型、山坡梯田灌溉农耕型、河谷盆地灌溉精耕型等类型,并从文化生态学的角度对其地域分布、类型特征、形成原因等进行了分析。     

云南横断山区的多样性与可持续发展的案例研究

横断山区是我国自然环境、生物、民族社会、文化、经济最为复杂多样的区域。多样性是国家和民族的财富。人类的持续发展离不开多样性。自然生物多样性和民族社会文化多样性各具特色。横断山区的多样性要采取开发性保护和保护性的开发。在民族地区要开发民族文化力,建立既能固守文化传统,又能适应现代化道路的民族文化发展模式。通过民族文化力来协调人与地的关系。保证横断山区多样性永存和社会经济的持续发展。     

云南省旅游线路网络与空间结构特征

以云南省目的地网络为例,基于社会网络分析视角和方法,收集团队线路报价单和自助游客网络游记,构建旅游线路整体网和个体网评价指标体系,探讨其网络结构与空间结构特征。结果发现:①云南旅游线路网络密度较低,发展不均衡,存在明显的核心-边缘结构;昆明居绝对核心地位,大理、丽江、西双版纳、迪庆、保山具有一定的网络竞争优势,其余目的地网络地位较低。②线路网络空间分布呈现"西密东疏、北密南疏"的整体特征,空间流向表现为对热点旅游线路节点明显的集聚特性。③每个个体网节点之间依托旅游线路关系都可形成一个独立闭合的回路,方便旅游者依据各个体网结构特征结合节点具体的地理位置,选择合适的门户、中转和离境目的地。     

自然环境与云南历史文化城镇形象设计

云南复杂多样的自然环境对当地历史文化城镇的形象构成有着普遍而深刻的影响。考虑自然环境特点的云南历史文化城镇形象设计应遵循尊重和顺应自然的亲和原则,将自然与人文因素相结合的综合性原则,以及将城镇与其所在的自然环境统一考虑的整体性原则。同时要高度关注自然环境在城镇理念形象构成中的重要作用。在城镇视觉形象设计中,要注重城乡景观协调的整体效果,反映其田园山水城镇特色;注重三维景观效果;注重视觉体验的心理特点分析,组织景观层次系列;注重对城镇建筑色彩的控制。     

流动人口与HIV／AIDS扩散——以云南省为例

本文以云南省为例探讨了流动人口与HIV／AIDS(艾滋病病毒／艾滋病)扩散的关系。表明流动人口是造成HIV扩散的重要因素,流动人口通过其特性和具体地域因素对HIV扩散起作用。最后提出了相应的对策。     

云南省反贫困地理信息系统建设初探

本文从信息系统为决策支持服务的角度出发,以GIS、RS为手段,综合自然、经济、社会、环境等因素,多学科交叉,设计反贫困GIS的总体框架结构,研究和解决面向管理和决策的数据模型,实现致贫基本因素、贫困类型分布与贫困形势变化监测等方面的信息查询与辅助决策分析为一体的综合地理信息系统,为区域反贫困决策的各层次提供辅助分析与决策支持,为反贫困决策提供科学依据。     

昆明城镇体系空间分布类型及其原因分析

本文在用"D距离内邻点平均数法"定量分析昆明城镇体系空间分布类型的基础上,对造成昆明城镇分布地域差异的原因采用"灰色系统关联分析法"进行了分析,并针对分析结果提出了城镇发展的建议,为昆明市城镇体系规划提供科学依据。     

DECHEN YESHI AND HER WORKSHOP NORLHA

<正>Born and raised in New York City to a Tibetan father and an American mother,Dechen Yeshi has always concerned herself with her father's side of the family and his fellow countrymen.After ten years of hard work,she was     

基于村域微尺度的人口流动类型空间分异及作用机理——以云南玉龙县为例

村域微尺度人口流动过程对县级单元就近城镇化发展、小城镇发展和新型农村社区建设等方面影响凸显.以云南玉龙县为研究区域,以行政村为基本空间单元,深入剖析人口流动村域类型空间分异特征,识别人口流动村域类型空间分异的关键影响因素及其作用机制.研究表明:①玉龙县村域人口流动特征呈现明显的空间分异,具体表现在人口流动强度和人口流动...     

从生态补偿标准研究思考旅游业对生态保护的作用——以云南省玉龙县为例

如何确定生态补偿标准是旅游地生态补偿研究的难点问题,也是制约旅游地可持续发展的关键。本研究以云南省玉龙县为案例,以生态保护过程中利益相关程度最高的社区居民为补偿对象,以土地价值为核算载体,基于生态足迹效率测算方法,系统性地提出了旅游地生态补偿的最低、合理与最高标准测算方法,为提高旅游地生态补偿标准核算的准确性以及推动生态补偿实践提供参考。研究表明,旅游业的发展为土地价值的实现提供了现实的市场化途径,同时提供了社区参与地区产业发展的机会。     

PROVENANCE OF THE SANDSTONE USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE KHMER MONUMENTS IN THAILAND

We investigated the sandstone used in the construction of the Khmer monuments situated upon and around the Khorat Plateau in north‐east Thailand in order to clarify the provenance. The sandstones of the 22 investigated Khmer monuments can be classified into three groups. The sandstone of Group 1 is lithic and is derived mainly from the Khok Kruat Formation. This group includes the sandstone used at Phimai, Phnom Wan, Muang Khaek etc. The sandstone of Group 2 is siliceous and can be subdivided into three further groups. The sandstone of Group 2 is considered to have been derived from the Phu Phan, Phra Wihan or Sao Khua Formations. The sandstone used at Muang Tam, Phnom Rung, Sdok Kok Thom, Preah Vihear (Khao Phra Wihan), Narai Jaeng Waeng etc. belongs to Group 2. The sandstone of Group 3 is feldspathic and is correlated with the grey to yellowish‐brown sandstone that is commonly used in the Angkor monuments in Cambodia. This sandstone is used at Wat Phu and Hong Nang Sida in Laos. The above results reveal that the choice of sandstone used for the Khmer monuments, including the Angkor monuments, was dictated by the surrounding geology.     

从欧洲共同体看亚太地区经济合作的发展趋势

本文以欧洲共同体的形成、发展为背景,对亚太地区经济合作的条件和前景进行初步探讨,并对中国在地区合作中的地位和作用进行初步分析。     

THE PHYSICAL FACTOR IN THE SYSTEM OF CONDITIONS DETERMINING THE LOCATION OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION IN THE USSR

The generally accepted view that material-intensive industries tend to gravitate toward raw-material sources is analyzed in the case of the USSR. Primary processing is found to gravitate toward raw-material sources mainly in underdeveloped parts of the country. In the developed zone (European USSR, Urals, Transcaucasia), a significant spatial gap has developed between primary processing activities and raw-material sources as the original local resources become depleted and the industry must draw increasingly on long-haul raw materials. Several industrial groups are distinguished in terms of the pull of resource sites. In view of the current trend toward greater concentration of production (for cost-benefit reasons) and the growing volumes of production per establishment, primary processing establishments are usually dependent on more than one resource site, and this also tends to increase the length of haul. At the same time, the distribution of fuels, energy and water resources is assuming greater significance and tends to pull such industries as iron and steel, nonferrous metals, pulp and paper as well as petroleum refining toward the eastern areas of the USSR. The controversy over the location of a new integrated iron and steel plant based on ore from the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly is recalled.     

BASIC PROBLEMS IN THE STAGE-BY-STAGE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRANSPORT NET IN THE ZONE OF THE BAIKAL-AMUR MAINLINE

The evolution of the transport net within the BAM zone is examined in terms of three development stages. The first stage will involve the construction of the initial framework of the future transport net; aside from the BAM itself, it is recommended that consideration be given to the construction of a permanent motor road instead of the temporary construction road now envisaged. The second stage, in the author's view, should include the start of an extension of the Little BAM northward toward Yakutsk, as well as an oil pipeline (the author does not agree with the view that the BAM would replace earlier plans for a Trans-Siberian pipeline). The third stage would include a gas pipeline from the Yakutian fields to the coast; it is recommended that the gas line follow the alignment of the new railroads. No specific time frame is attached to the proposed three development stages.     

THE RULES OF THE GAME IN THE STUDY OF ANCIENT HISTORY

“The Rules of the Game,” expounded in ten remarkably bold theses, can easily be read as a synthetic retrospective or introduction to the formidable oeuvre of Arnaldo Momigliano. Indeed, this piece served as the opening chapter to his Introduzione bibliografica alla storia greca fino a Socrate (Florence: La Nuova Italia, 1975), and its subsequent reprints as an independent essay in several Italian journals and anthologies signal its importance for Momigliano. In this provocative and occasionally brilliantly witty essay, Momigliano sets forth his programmatic views on the ethos of the historian, as well as on the historical method and its applications in the study of ancient history. Here, as elsewhere, Momigliano is interested in detailing the link between ancient documents and their historical interpretations in later millennia. Ancient sources, he cautions, do not capture ancient realities transparently or completely, but are mediated documents whose historical value hinges, within certain limits, on the historian's analytical questions, inflected as they inevitably are by different ideological commitments. For this reason, he places special emphasis on the comparative method, stressing difference rather than similarity, and advises that historians with various areas of expertise collaborate, a point underscored throughout the essay. What is more, the essay contains the salutary reminder that the historian ought to attend not only to the surviving documents but also to the conspicuous silences and lacunae in the evidence.     

THE WATER ASPECT OF THE GEOGRAPHY OF AGRICULTURE IN THE USSR

The long-term grain requirements of the growing Soviet population are calculated. On the basis of the relationship between water use and grain yields by natural soil zones of the USSR, the authors show that the amount of water needed per unit of output declines with a growth of productivity, especially in the non-chernozem zone of the Soviet Union. It is therefore concluded that greater water savings might be assured by expanding grain production in zones with an adequate supply of natural moisture rather than by the use of artificial irrigation of arid lands.     

ISSUES IN THE REGIONALIZATION OF INDUSTRY IN THE SOCIALIST COUNTRIES OF EASTERN EUROPE

A hierarchy of industrial areas in Eastern Europe is described, consisting of 40 industrial regions, about 200 industrial nodes, and numerous industrial centers and ordinary industrial places. Evidence of the formation of a higher-ranking industrial macroregion covering the border area of East Germany, Poland and Czechoslovakia is adduced. Six other entities of industrial macroregion rank are identified in the rest of Europe (including the European USSR east to the Urals).