世界历史专业建设研讨会综述

2007年12月2日,首都师范大学历史学院主办的“世界历史专业建设研讨会”在北京举行,来自国内高等院校、科研机构和出版单位的数十名专家学者出席会议。与会者围绕下面三个问题进行了广泛深入的探讨。一、世界历史专业课程改革世界历史专业课程设置是世界历史学科建设和人才培养     

针对地方病科研机构档案工作的研究

地方病防治水平关系着群众的身体健康,对疾病进行预测和控制,地方病防治中心是对疾病进行预防控制的机构也是医学科研机构,因此,地方病科研机构的档案管理工作非常的重要,档案管理人员,要服务好地方科研机构,才能保证科研机构能够积极的发展。只有加强对档案管理的规范化,才能保证档案合理有效的利用,才能保证科研档案的价值,为地方科研机构提供更加优质的服务。     

我国装备制造业的创新、知识溢出和产学研合作——基于一个扩展的知识生产函数方法

知识溢出的本地化现象揭示了地理边界的限制机理,然而越来越多的研究表明知识溢出也可发生在远距离的空间范围内。本文以我国装备制造业为例,采用扩展的知识生产函数方法探讨大学和科研机构的知识溢出对区域创新的影响。结果表明,大学和科研机构能够产生强烈的本地和跨区域的知识溢出效应,地理空间和创新网络在跨区域知识溢出中扮演重要角色。其中,产学研合作产生的知识溢出不仅局限于区域尺度,也发生在更高的国家尺度;在地理空间的制约影响下,高素质劳动力的流动对区域创新的影响十分显著且稳定,而大学和科研机构的衍生溢出机制则不那么明显,其原因可能与空间尺度选择有关。     

《环球市场信息导报》理论版征稿启事

《环球市场信息导报》杂志创刊于1995年,由中国社会科学院主管,中国社会科学院文献信息中心主办,国内统一刊号:CN11-3459/F,国际标准刊号:ISSN1005-4901,是国家新闻出版总署批准面向国内外公开发行的经济类综合性国家级期刊。主要面向国内外社会科学领域的高等院校、科研机构、科研机构、决策机构、社会团体、企业集团的实践者、研究者、管理者、领导     

回忆二十世纪六十年代的陕西省考古研究所

一、考古所的建立与演变 1958年全国大跃进,各行各业都在扩充编制,各种科研机构不断设立,陕西省考古研究所也在这年应运而生。     

抗日战争时期贵州的科研机构

贵州的科研机构在抗日战争前就已出现过,分贵州地方政府组建。黔籍人士学成归来受命创建、国民政府中央研究部门派人来黔组建和本地学者邀约自建四类,如：农事实验场,贵阳测候所,贵阳地质所等等,其科技活动多属调查、考察、检验及技术推广性质,尚无系统的研究方向任务,科研基础很差。抗日战争全面爆发后,贵州的科学技术研究机构发展较快,一方面沦陷区的一些科研机构迁入贵州,或由迁人贵州的学者及国民政府中央研究部门组建办所;另一方面是贵州地方政府建立的科技机构较前增多。抗战期间,贵州的科技机构,包括独立科研机构和院校…     

中国逐渐恢复创新力

中国曾经是一个创新超级大国——火药和指南针都是中国人发明的。但在今天,它只是缓慢地向着恢复这一地位的方向前进。过去一个世纪里,中国的科研机构遭受了政治动乱的严重影响。     

第十届清史国际研讨会暨第七届清宫史研讨会综述

第十届清史国际研讨会暨第七届清宫史研讨会于 2 0 0 2年 8月 1 2至 1 6日在辽宁省大连市召开。会议由故宫博物院、中国第一历史档案馆、北京大学历史系、中国人民大学清史研究所、中国社会科学院历史研究所明清史研究室、辽宁师范大学历史系共同主办 ,故宫博物院与辽宁师范大学历史系承办。参加会议正式代表共计 1 38人 ,分别来自中国大陆各科研机构、高等院校、博物馆、档案馆 ,中国香港、台湾地区的高等院校、研究机构 ,以及美国、日本、韩国、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦等国家的高校与科研机构。此次研讨会突破了以往局限于研究机构与高校之间…     

"世界通史教材编写研讨会"报道

2008年11月29日至30日,由首都师范大学与高等教育出版社联合主办,首都师范大学历史学院世界史学科承办的"世界通史教材编写研讨会"在北京举行.来自国内高等院校、科研机构和出版单位的近百名专家学者出席了会议.与会者围绕下面三个问题进行了广泛深入探讨.     

“明代国家与社会”学术研讨会综述

2012年6月13至16日,中国社科院历史所明史研究室与南开大学历史学院明史研究室联合主办的“明代国家与社会”学术研讨会在天津天宇酒店隆重召开,来自几十所院校、科研机构的50余位专家学者参加了会议。     

做一名科研型的小学教师

随着基础教育改革的不断深入,要求教师以研究者的姿态出现在学校的舞台上。教师参与教育科研可以提高教师的素质,使教师在实践中锻炼,在改革中成长。     

Science as culture and leisure: cultural policy,industry and scientific culture in the Canadian context

Government ministries of industry have long been promoters, co‐producers and even sometimes producers of cultural policy – from local and regional development strategies to initiatives that fund cultural organizations to support emerging fields such as the technological arts. This article explores the relationship between cultural policy‐making, science museums and industry ministries in Canada. More specifically, this article investigates the emergence and institutionalization of scientific culture policy as a result of advocacy by science centres in the 1980s. Beyond the delineation of scientific culture as a field and of the contribution of industry ministries to cultural policy, this article highlights the entrepreneurial strategies of cultural organizations and their impact on policy and facilities, thus suggesting that cultural organizations are not just passive instruments of social regulation and reform.     

邓小平对中国和平崛起新道路的探索与历史贡献

中国“和平崛起”作为一个科学命题,是近年提出并引起广泛关注的。但是,这条道路的实践探索却早已开始,它源于近代中国波澜壮阔的民族解放运动和民主革命,始于新中国的伟大建设,形成于改革开放的崭新实践。对此,邓小平同志做出了历史性的贡献。他通过正确解决长期困扰中国发展的诸多问题,极大地推动了中国和平崛起的历史进程,成为我们今天实现中国和平崛起的现实基础,其中体现的科学思想方法,具有深远意义。     

提高转变经济发展方式的能力

加快转变经济发展方式,是我党探索社会主义建设规律取得的重大成果,是深入贯彻落实科学发展观的重要目标和战略举措,关系到改革开放和社会主义现代化建设全局,对党的执政能力建设和先进性建设提出了新的要求。为此,要认真学习贯彻十七届五中全会精神,适应新形势新任务的要求,努力提高转变经济发展方式的能力。     

A peculiar condition: A history of the Jumping Frenchmen Syndrome in scientific and popular accounts

ABSTRACT

In 1878, Dr. George Beard reported to other neurologists that in Maine there existed French-Canadian woodsmen who jumped when excited. Beard observed the phenomenon firsthand and his subsequent reports attracted the attention of Georges Gilles de la Tourette in France and other neurologists worldwide for a couple of decades. During the second half of the twentieth century, interest in the jumpers revived among neurologists, as some came forward with similar observations in different parts of Canada and the United States. This article compares and contrasts the scientific reports of the jumping syndrome with those of the popular press and highlights what they revealed about the perceived status of French-Canadian descendants.     

The disciplining of scientific communities

Abstract

Amidst ongoing concern with training students in the skills and knowledge necessary to contribute towards a knowledge-intensive economy, we explore how particular ‘epistemic subjects’ are produced within specific epistemic communities. We examine how social studies of science have probed the ‘disciplining’ practices that constitute scientific knowledge production, but have tended to overlook how students participate in, and become members of, epistemic communities. We propose that training contexts provide a window onto the disciplining processes through which scientific fields and their practitioners are co-produced. We offer an empirical example of an emerging scientific field that is working to establish community boundaries through the recruitment and training of university students. We explore how newcomers’ practices, values and identities are disciplined through participation in this nascent community whilst remaining open to negotiation and resistance. The conclusion calls for more scholarly attention to educational trajectories as processes through which disciplines and their disciples are produced.     

Eugenic Sterilisation in Scandinavia

The view that eugenics was based on unscientific views has been put forward by a number of historians. It has been claimed that the early phase of eugenics, so-called mainline eugenics, was unscientific, biased against the lower classes, and racist. An ensuing reform eugenic phase, however, has been considered scientifically sound and politically progressive. This paper, based on recent studies of eugenic sterilisation in Scandinavia, challenges this view. The political and scientific arguments in favour of eugenic sterilisation laws in Scandinavia were complex and ambiguous, and it is empirically impossible to identify a problematic mainline eugenic phase and separate it from a more acceptable reform phase. Social and scientific arguments for sterilisation appeared side by side. To improve the gene pool was only one of a host of aims of eugenics, which “was” not a fixed, well-defined ontological entity with one definite purpose, but a concept with multiple meanings.     

Some observations on theObservations the decline of the French Jesuit scientific mission in China

In the late seventeenth century, French Jesuit missionaries in China transplanted a distinctively French and distinctively academic brand of scientific work from Paris to Beijing. This auspicious inauguration has obscured the later trajectory of the mission’s scientific ambitions within Old Regime arenas of scientific activity. In this paper, I argue that significant differences distinguish the French Jesuit scientific mission in its late seventeenth-century and eighteenth-century incarnations. By examining the various Parisian editions of French Jesuit scientific work carried out on the China mission, theObservations (1688, 1692, 1729), I trace the declining fortunes of the French Jesuit scientific mission to the dissolution of its alliance with the Académie des sciences and to its difficulties in sustaining a corporate identity and collective vision as investigators of natural phenomena.     

在总结历史经验中理解和构建科学理论体系

中共十七大报告中关于经济问题的论述把经济规律与我国改革开放的实践历程相结合,充分体现了理论来自实践又指导实践的历史唯物主义的科学方法。十七大报告关于经济方面的论述有六个新提法:经济"发展"方式替代了经济"增长"方式,体现了对实践经验的总结和理论认识的深化;注重协调、调控和规划,体现了经济体制转轨进程中宏观调控的新特点;翻两番由"总量"到"人均",体现了经济发展水平与经济发展目标的新阶段;关注初次分配中的公平,要提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重,体现了收入分配领域在发展变革中的新动向;在过去提"工业化、城镇化、市场化、国际化"的同时增加了"信息化",首次在党代会报告中写入"廉租房制度",体现了生产力与城市化发展的新要求;将区域经济发展与国土开发联系起来,首次提出"推动区域协调发展,优化国土开发格局"和"主体功能区定位",体现了区域经济发展的新阶段与新思路。     

The scientific basis of organic farming

Abstract

Organic farming is frequently dismissed as being unscientific, but this perception is based on a lack of understanding of the underlying concepts. Researchers in the organic field accept the scientific discipline whilst at the same time seeking new methodologies to explore the holistic character of the agricultural enterprise. Of central importance is the notion that health, food quality, and the nature of the farming system are inextricably linked. This paper reviews in scientific terms the key theoretical bases of the organic approach, and discusses the various methodologies used in this area. It is argued that a holistic approach to scientific investigations in agriculture is valid even if at present it is more of an aspiration than a reality.