主题公园年卡会员市场特征研究——以四地欢乐谷为例

本文通过对深圳、北京、上海和成都四地欢乐谷年卡会员市场的深度访谈和问卷调查,分析主题公园年卡会员市场的特征和规律.研究发现:(1)年卡会员市场与主题公园总体市场的社会人口结构特征基本一致;(2)年卡会员重游频次高,平均达到5次以上,但园内二次消费较低,公园并无积极性以牺牲门票收入为代价,争取会员游客;(3)会员实际续卡率比续卡意愿要低很多,续卡率与公园吸引力的持续更新、会员自身家庭的生命周期,以及公园经营层对年卡策略的调整紧密相关.(4)消费者对年卡资费价格敏感度高,年卡资费的高低会影响会员的拥有量,营销推广能够促进年卡销售,根据欢乐谷的数据显示,年卡费用在门票的1.5 ～2倍之间更容易被中国大陆地区消费者接受.本文进一步提出了会员市场拥有量的合理规模、会员策略的精细化管理、客户关系管理的科学建立是3个值得深入探讨的研究方向.     

Ousting the Oligarchs: Assessing the Consequences of Reform and Change on Four House Committees

Abstract

The current system of federal advisory committees in the United States is both extensive and expanding. While there are significant differences between specific advisory bodies regarding their constitution, construction, and role in the process of public policy-making, the system itself facilitates the permanent institutionalization of linkages and dependencies between interest associations and federal administrative agencies. Indeed, it moves the role of pressure group influence on the policy-making process from that of a suspect input to that of a welcome withinput. Utilizing data derived from advisory committee compliance with the 1972 Federal Advisory Committee Act and selected case study material this article begins the process of exploring how the system functions, who participates in it, what impact it has on the development and formation of public policy, and who are its ultimate beneficiaries. It concludes by developing a framework for the assessment of potential advisory committee power and influence on the process of administrative policy-making and advances a preliminary assessment of the domination of industry interests on departmental advisory committees.     

A Comparison of Past and Present Episodes of Gully Erosion at Wangrah Creek,Southern Tablelands,New South Wales

Erosion gullies at Wangrah Creek expose walls of at least two previous episodes of gully erosion. Past gullies were of a similar size to those of today but were not as widespread across the region at any particular time. The causes of past and present erosion are examined by mapping points of gully initiation and comparing the geomorphic history with an independent palaeo-environmental history. Past gullies were the result of intrinsically unstable conditions, possibly caused by the expansion of swampy deposits increasing runoff. In contrast, the present gully erosion is the result of major environmental change caused by European settlement, which had a greater effect on gully erosion than any other environmental change over the last 10,000 years. At Wangrah Creek, sites of gully initiation indicate that the present erosion was caused by localised disturbances to the valley floor.     

评严译《社会通诠》引起的一场风波

严复在《社会通诠》按语中不赞成民族主义,招来了汪精卫和章太炎的攻击。但在实际上,严复反对的是狭隘民族主义,主要针对顽固派。20世纪初中国思想界确实出现了新的狭隘民族主义,批评一下又何妨?严复以学者的眼光看待民族主义,比不上孙中山,但比康有为和章太炎高明得多。