Work,Gender & History in the 1990s and Beyond

By the end of the 1980s, having amply demonstrated that the study of class could no longer be separated from the study of gender, feminist historians were advocating a new gendered history of work. At the beginning of the 1990s, American historian Ava Baron identified four problems that women's labour history had left unresolved: the need to move women's labour history out of its ghetto; an explanation for the mechanisms of sexual difference in labour relations; the theorisation of women's and men's ‘consent’ to oppression; and an understanding of the differences among women. The quest for a gendered labour history required new conceptual tools and new theoretical approaches. This paper tests this agenda against research on work and gender in the last decade of Gender & History. The moves toward the interrelation of public and private, work and family, as well as toward the construction of identities calls into question whether work remains a distinctive historical field.     

The Foreign Enlistment Act and the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939

This article examines the official response to the policy problemsraised by the over two thousand Britons who went to fight forthe Republic during the Spanish Civil War, with particular referenceto the Foreign Enlistment Act (1870). Revived in January 1937as a means of reducing the flow of volunteers and curbing therecruiting efforts of the Communist Party of Great Britain,the act proved embarrassingly unenforceable. Ambiguity overits applicability to the situation in Spain, combined with problemsof evidence, meant that no charges were ever laid against volunteerscaught attempting to leave for Spain or members of the recruitingorganization of the CPGB. Though a complete failure as a legaltool, the Foreign Enlistment Act nevertheless symbolically underlinedthe British government's declared support for internationalnon-intervention in Spain, and was never rescinded.     

20世纪60～90年代爱国卫生运动初探

20世纪60～90年代的爱国卫生运动尽管在"文化大革命"时期不同程度地受到"左"倾思想的干扰,但仍持续发展,特别是党的十一届三中全会以后,随着经济的发展和社会的进步,其内容更加丰富,已成为社会主义现代化建设事业的重要组成部分.爱国卫生运动的历史告诉我们党和国家对爱国卫生运动的重视和领导是我国卫生防疫事业取得不断胜利的根本保证;教育、动员和组织人民群众参加爱国卫生运动是我国独具特色的卫生防疫事业的有效工作方式;爱国卫生运动与其他工作相结合、突击性与经常性相结合、治本与治标相结合是推动卫生防疫事业发展的重要方法.     

20世纪90年代以来中国近代史上的激进与保守研究述评

20世纪90年代以来,中国学界的研究取向发生的重大转变之一,即是由80年代以“化热”为特征的激进主义转向以“国学热”为特征的保守主义。这一研究取向在历史研究领域直接引发了对中国近代史上激进主义的反思与批判,以及对这一时期保守主义的梳理与评价,并出现了一种强烈的反激进而扬保守的思想倾向。系统梳理90年代以来中国近代思想史研究中的这一现象,以及由此所引发的争议,不仅有助于我们正确理解中国近代史上的保守与激进,而且对于正确处理今天化建设中的保守与激进的关系,也不无裨益。     

Writing the History of Irish Women

Joanna Bourke, Husbandry to Housewifery: Women, Economic Change, and Housework in Ireland 1890-1914 Margaret Ward (ed.) In Their Own Voice: Women and Irish Nationalism Mary O'Dowd and Sabine Wichert (eds) Chattel, Servant or Citizen: Women's Status in Church, State and Society Joan Hoff and Moureen Coulter (eds) Irish Women's Voices Past and Present     

以通史的眼光撰写和阅读近代史

中国社会科学院近代史研究所组织编撰的《中国近代通史》近期已由江苏人民出版社出版。全书共10卷,约550万字,各卷名称如下:第1卷《近代中国历史进程概说》,第2卷《近代中国的开端(1840—1864)》,第3卷《早期现代化的尝试(1865—1895)》,第4卷《从戊戌维新到义和团(1895—1900)》,第5卷《新政、立宪与辛亥革命(1901—1912)》,第6卷《民国的初建(1912—1923)》,第7卷《国共合作与国民革命(1924—1927)》,第8卷《内战与危机(1927—1937)》,第9卷《抗日战争(1937—1945)》,第10卷《中国命运的决战(1945—1949)》。本书的出版,完成了近代史研究所几代人的夙愿。对于1840—1949年完整的中国近代史来说,本书的撰写还是一个尝试。本刊特别约请我国近代史学界几位著名学者通过笔谈的形式发表看法,以期引起关注和讨论。     

Japanese archaeology in the 1990s

As scientific archaeology takes hold in Japan, our understanding of the nature and content of Japanese prehistory is changing radically. All of the period boundaries of Japanese prehistory are being rewritten, and many new “archaeologies” are growing up around particular scientific techniques. New publications in English give greater access to archaeological thinking in Japan, while Japanese publications focus on ever-narrowing aspects of prehistoric lifeways. Policy changes are giving archaeologists more access to the imperial tombs, and rescue teams are under less obligation to “save everything” as selective preservation is instituted.     

90年代国内关于“知青运动”研究综述

当“知青文学”这种艺术体裁在反映该重大历史事件的局限性日益暴露时 ,为了更加科学、严谨、深刻地审视分析和理论总结 ,自 1 987年张化的《试论“文化大革命”中知识青年上山下乡运动》问世以来 ,国内学者在十多年的艰难探索中终于逐渐走出沉寂清冷的低迷氛围 ,取得了一定的研究成果。它们从不同的角度、不同的时段 ,以犀利的笔锋指向某个关键问题 ,体察的角度往往超过面面俱到的纪实性著作。随着研究的深入 ,人们已经能够超越情感的羁绊 ,以冷静的心态公证评说。近年来一系列颇有新意的理论探讨 ,为新时期现代化建设提供了极有价值的借鉴     

Antipodeans Abroad: Trends and Issues in the Writing of New Zealand Mission History

There has been a paucity of reflective and contextual analysis of New Zealand's historical involvement in the international missionary movement. This article suggests that existing literature falls into four categories: denominational/organizational histories; biographies and personal narratives; unpublished university theses; and a small body of more reflective and contextual works. Historical analysis since 1990 reflects wider historical discourses, rather than being the specific product of mission history. Valuable analysis has focused on women's involvement, culture contact, and the relationship between New Zealand missions, European colonialism and indigenous nationalist movements. Yet the theological nature of missionary involvement has been less extensively understood, obscuring the nuanced nature of things like missionary motivation and the relationship with colonialism. A lacuna still exists with respect to: a comprehensive and comparative analysis of post‐1945 missionary involvement; micro and macro‐historical analysis of missionary support; the gendered nature of missionary support; and the role of children and young people in missionary structures and discourse.