The Cambridge history of the Second World War

Following on from earlier three‐volume histories of the Cold War and the First World War, Cambridge University Press completes a trilogy with this detailed treatment of the Second World War. Multi‐authored in the Cambridge tradition, the individual chapters cover a wide range of events and topics and the 81 contributors, mainly but not exclusively from the United Kingdom and the United States, include both scholars who have already established a reputation in the subject as well as those who are in the process of doing so. Perhaps the greatest strength of the volumes is the treatment given to what may be loosely referred to as the Pacific War. No one who uses them properly is going to have any doubts about the nature and importance of the struggle between Japan and its opponents between 1937 and 1945, and it is particularly encouraging to note the use of Chinese and Japanese sources by the authors, when so many English‐language books on the subject cite none. The principal weakness of the enterprise is its division into an unnecessarily complicated series of topics, which is not always adhered to by the authors and which often compels the unfortunate reader to skip backwards and forwards, not only within but between volumes. Despite this flaw, however, this remains an important contribution to the history of the Second World War and will need to be consulted by any serious student of the subject for many years to come.     

世界历史发展进程中的第二次世界大战

第二次世界大战是资本主义陷入深刻危机的产物,使人类在物质上和精神上蒙受了前所未有的巨大双重劫难。但是,战后形成的社会主义新气象和殖民体系的瓦解,以及在国际关系中形成的各种维护世界和平与安全、促进全球经济发展与合作的新机制,进一步加快了世界历史的发展进程。战后的世界历史进入了一个以和平与发展为时代主题的新阶段。     

The Origins of British Military Psychiatry Before the First World War

Abstract

This article discusses the military role of the Moorish units deployed by the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War (1936–39), and assesses their impact in cultural, social, and religious terms, especially given the image of Muslim troops going back to the Reconquista.     

The Trouble with Propaganda: the Second World War,Franco's Spain,and the Origins of US Post-War Public Diplomacy

This paper explores the internecine conflict that characterised and undermined US propaganda toward neutral Spain in the Second World War. These tensions primarily confronted those who saw US propaganda as an ideological weapon of mass persuasion in a crusade against Fascism with those who defended that US informational and cultural operations should be subservient to traditional diplomacy, and so be limited to explaining US foreign policy and advancing bilateral friendship. In addition, the article argues that the unambiguous subordination of propaganda to diplomacy that characterised US public diplomacy during the cold war was one of the lessons learnt out of the civil war that US propagandists fought over Spain between 1941 and early 1945.     

第二次世界大战期间的旅欧华侨

据中华民国侨务部门 1935年的统计 ,当时旅居欧洲的华侨近 4万人。然而 ,时至30年代末 ,当战争乌云在欧洲大陆上滚滚翻卷之际 ,上万欧洲华侨为免遭战祸 ,匆匆回国。因各种原因而留居欧洲的华侨 ,与欧洲人民一起在漫天战火中度过了六年的艰难时光。本文追溯旅欧华侨在二次大战期间艰苦而顽强的求生历程 ,并展示旅欧华侨与欧洲人民共同抗击法西斯而留下的一页鲜为人知的华章     

The German Approach to Counterinsurgency in the Second World War

From the German attack on Poland, the political aims of National Socialist ideology replaced other considerations in the field of counterinsurgency. This tendency escalated during the following years, with the invasion of the Soviet Union as the key turning point. The fighting at the front and against insurgents became interconnected with the destruction of the European Jews, and the radicalisation of the German approach provoked further resistance from underground movements throughout Europe. In the form of a literature review that presents the current state of research on six operational areas (Poland, France, Yugoslavia, Greece, Italy, and the Soviet Union), this article argues that German counterinsurgency policy between 1939 and 1945 combined military necessity, ideology, and mentality in a way that facilitated genocide.     

A. J. P. Taylor,Adolf Hitler,and the Origins of the Second World War

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ANGELOS CHANIOTIS and PIERRE DUCREY, eds. Army and Power in the Ancient World. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2002. Pp. viii, 204. €44.00, paper. Reviewed by Arthur M. Eckstein

MARTIN CARVER, ed. The Cross Goes North: Processes of Conversion in Northern Europe, AD 300-1300. York: York Medieval Press, University of York; Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2003. Pp. xiv, 588. $130.00 (US). Reviewed by John Howe

DANIEL CANER. Wandering, Begging Monks: Spiritual Authority and the Promotion of Monasticism in Late Antiquity. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2002. Pp. xiv, 325. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by John J. Contreni

HUGH KENNEDY. The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State. London and New York: Routledge, 2001. Pp. xix, 229. $29.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Walter E. Kaegi

JEREMY JOHNS. Arabic Administration in Norman Sicily: The Royal Dīwān. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. xviii, 389. $70.00 (US). Reviewed by James M. Powell

DIRK HOERDER. Cultures in Contact: World Migrations in the Second Millennium. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 2002. Pp. xxii, 779. $100.00 (US). Reviewed by J. R. McNeill

NORMAN HOUSLEY. Religious Warfare in Europe, 1400–1536. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Pp. viii, 238. $105.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Thomas A. Fudge

SCOTT C. LEVI. The Indian Diaspora in Central Asia and Its Trade, 1550–1900. Leiden: Brill, 2002. Pp. ix, 319. €72.00; DAVID ZWEIG. Internationalizing China: Domestic Interests and Global Linkages. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2002. Pp. xvi, 291. $22.50 (US), paper. Reviewed by S. A. M. Adshead

HENRY HELLER. Anti-ltalianism in Sixteenth-Century France. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003. Pp. ix, 307. $60.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Michael Wolfe

WADE G. DUDLEY. Drake: For God, Queen, and Plunder. Washington, DC: Brassey's, 2003. Pp. xiv, 96. $19.95 (US). Reviewed by G. V. Scammell

ALISON WEIR. Mary, Queen of Scots and the Murder of Lord Darnley. New York: Ballantine, 2003. Pp. xvii, 670. $27.95 (US). Reviewed by Jane E. A. Dawson

DAVID FREEDBERG. The Eye of the Lynx: Galileo, His Friends, and the Beginnings of Modern Natural History. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2003. Pp. xii, 513. $50.00 (US). Reviewed by Steven F. Ostrow

RICHARD LAWTON and ROBERT LEE, eds. Population and Society in Western European Port-Cities, c. 1650–1939. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2002; dist. Portland: ISBS. Pp. xx, 385. –75.95 (US). Reviewed by Dudley Baines

PETER KRUGER and PAUL W. SCHRODER, eds., in co-operation with KATJA WUSTENBECKER. 'The Transformation of European Politics, 1763–1848': Episode or Model in Modern History? Munster: Lit Verlag, 2002. Pp. 356. €35.90. Reviewed by James J. Sheehan

ROBERT L. SCHEINA. Latin America's Wars: I: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791–1899. Washington, DC: Brassey's, 2003. Pp. xxviii, 569. $29.95 (US), paper; CHRIS LEUCHARS. To the Bitter End: Paraguay and the War of the Triple Alliance. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2002. Pp. vi, 254. $68.95 (US). Reviewed by Timothy E. Anna

JOHN GASCOIGNE, with the assistance of PATRICIA CURTHOYS. The Enlightenment and the Origins of European Australia. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xiii, 233. $65.00 (US). Reviewed by Marian Quartly

ROBERT J. ANTONY and JANE KATE LEONARD, eds. Dragons, Tigers, and Dogs: Qing Crisis Management and the Boundaries of State Power in Late Imperial China. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University East Asia Program, 2002. Pp. xiii, 333. $19.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by John W. Dardess

JOEL MOKYR. The Gifts of Athena: Historical Origins of the Knowledge Economy. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2002. Pp. xiii, 359. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by David Lindenfeld

DANIEL H. BAYS and GRANT WACKER, eds. The Foreign Missionary Enterprise at Home: Explorations in North American Cultural History. Tuscaloosa and London: University of Alabama Press, 2003. Pp. x, 332. $60.00 (US). Reviewed by A. Hamish Ion

MIMI COLLIGAN. Canvas Documentaries: Panoramic Entertainments in Nineteenth-Century Australia and New Zealand. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2002; dist. Chicago: Paul &; Company. Pp. xvi, 250. $32.95 (US). Reviewed by Philippa Mein Smith

MICHAEL STURMA. South Sea Maidens: Western Fantasy and Sexual Politics in the South Pacific. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2002. Pp. x, 193. $63.95 (US) Reviewed by Vicki Luker

SUDIPTA SEN. Distant Sovereignty: National Imperialism and the Origins of British India. New York and London: Routledge, 2002. Pp. xxxi, 216. $22.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by M. J. Marshall

CHARLES ESDAILE. The Peninsular War: A New History. London: Allen Lane, The Penguin Press, 2002. Pp. xv, 587. $49.99 (CDN). Reviewed by Philip G. Dwyer

MARKUS MOSSLANG, SABINE FREITAG, and PETER WENDE, eds. British Envoys to Germany, 1816–1866: II: 1830–1847. New York: Cambridge University Press for the Royal Historical Society in Association with the German Historical Institute, London, 2002. Pp. xxiii, 600. $70.00 (US). Reviewed by John Clarke

SEYMOUR DRESCHER. The Mighty Experiment: Free Labor versus Slavery in British Emancipation. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Pp. 307. $50.00 (US). Reviewed by Ralph A. Austen

PATRICK KARL O'BRIEN and ARMAND CLESSE, eds. Two Hegemonies: Britain 1846–1914 and the United States 1941–2001. Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, 2002. Pp. xiii, 369. $84.95 (US). Reviewed by William R. Thompson

HOLLIS CLAYSON. Paris in Despair: Art and Everyday Life under Siege (1870–71). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2002. Pp. xxxi, 485. $55.00 (US). Reviewed by Gay L. Gullickson

JEFFREY W. CODY. Exporting American Architecture, 1870–2000. London and New York: Routledge, 2003. Pp. xviii, 205. $39-95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Annabel Jane Wharton

MICHAEL SCHMID. Der ?Eiserne Kanzler? und die Generäle: Deutsche Rüstungs-politik in der Ära Bismarck (1871–1890). Paderborn: Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, 2003. Pp. xii, 751. €65.00. Reviewed by Ulrich Trumpener

JULIE A. CHARLIP. Cultivating Coffee: The Farmers ofCarazo, Nicaragua, 1880–1930. Athens: Ohio University Center for International Studies, 2003. Pp. xiv, 288. $28.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by James Thompson

ROBERT O. COLLINS. The Nile. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2002. Pp. x, 260. $39.95 (US); HEATHER J. SHARKEY. Living with Colo-nialism: Nationalism and Culture in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2003. Pp. xiii, 232. $24.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by M. W. Daly

CRAIG WILCOX. Australia's Boer War: The War in South Africa, 1899–1902. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Pp. xviii, 541. $75.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Keith Surridge

MARGARET MACMILLAN and FRANCINE MCKENZIE, eds. Parties Long Estranged: Canada and Australia in the Twentieth Century. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2003. Pp. vi, 288. $85.00 (CDN), cloth; $29.95 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Coral Bell

MARK BLYTH. Great Transformations: Economic Ideas and Institutional Change in the Twentieth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xii, 284. $60.00 (US), cloth; $22.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by James K. Galbraith

DANIEL JOSEPH WALTHER. Creating Germans Abroad: Cultural Policies and National Identity in Namibia. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2002. Pp. xiv, 268. $26.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Jan-Bart Gewald

STEVEN G. MARKS. How Russia Shaped the Modern World: From Art to Anti-Semitism, Ballet to Bolshevism. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2003. Pp. xii, 393. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by William G. Rosenberg

RICHARD F. HAMILTON and HOLGER H. HERWIG, eds. The Origins of World War I. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. xiii, 537. $60.00 (US). Reviewed by Dominic Lieven

CHARLES DE GAULLE. The Enemy's House Divided, trans, and annotated, and with an intro., by Robert Eden. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2002; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. 1, 177. $53.75 (CDN). Reviewed by John S. Hill

STÉPHANE AUDOIN-ROUZEAU and ANNETTE BECKER. 1914–1918: Understanding the Great War, trans. Catherine Temerson. London: Profile Books, 2002. Pp. v, 280. £15.00. Reviewed by Brian Bond

PAUL NUGENT. Smugglers, Secessionists, and Loyal Citizens on the Ghana-Togo Frontier: The Lie of the Borderlands since 1914. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2002. Pp. xiv, 302. –24.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Dimitri Van Den Bersselaar

ROGER CHICKERING and STIG FÖRSTER, eds. The Shadows of Total War: Europe, East Asia, and the United States, 1919–1939. Washington: German Historical Institute, and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. x, 364. –60.00 (US). Reviewed by Ian F. W. Beckett

GAYNOR JOHNSON. The Berlin Embassy of Lord D'Abernon, 1920–1926. Basing-stoke and New York: Palgrave, 2002. Pp. xi, 221. –65.00 (US). Reviewed by Andrew J. Crozier

IGNÁC ROMSICS. The Dismantling of Historic Hungary: The Peace Treaty of Trianon, 1920, trans. Mario D. Fenyo. Boulder: East European Monographs; Wayne, NJ: Center for Hungarian Studies and Publications, 2002; dist. New York: Columbia University Press. Pp. v, 201. $40.00 (US). Reviewed by Thomas Sakmyster

ALAN DAWLEY. Changing the World: American Progressives in War and Revolution. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2003. Pp. x, 409. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by David S. Foglesong

PRASENJIT DUARA. Sovereignty and Authenticity: Manchukuo and the East Asian Modern. Lanham: Rowman &; Littlefield, 2003. Pp. xiii, 306. $49.95 (US). Reviewed by John J. Stephan

SANDRA WILSON. The Manchurian Crisis and Japanese Society, 1931–33. London and New York: Routledge, 2002. Pp. 252. $95.00 (US). Reviewed by Antony Best

IAN NISH. Japanese Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period. Westport: Praeger, 2002. Pp. x, 212. $65.95 (US). Reviewed by Frederick Dickinson

RAINER F. SCHMIDT. Die Aussenpolitik des Dritten Reiches, 1933–1939. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta, 2002. Pp. 448. €25.00. Reviewed by Erich J. Hahn

HENRY G. GOLE. The Road to Rainbow: Army Planning for Global War, 1934–1940. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2003. Pp. xxi, 224. $34.95 (US). Reviewed by Mark A. Stoler

HELEN GRAHAM. The Spanish Republic at War, 1936–1939. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xiv, 472. $70.00 (US), cloth; $26.00 (US), paper. Reviewed by Willard C. Frank, Jr.

FLORENTINO RODAO. Franco y el imperio japonés: Imágenes y propaganda en tiempos de guerra. Barcelona: Plaza and Janés, 2002. Pp. 668. €18.00 Reviewed by Raanan Rein

ALEXANDER B. ROSSINO. Hitler Strikes Poland: Blitzkrieg, Ideology, and Atro-city. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. Pp. xv, 343. $34.95 (US). Reviewed by John J. Kulczycki

RICHARD F. HILL. Hitler Attacks Pearl Harbor: Why the United States Declared War on Germany. Boulder and London: Lynne Rienner, 2003. Pp. vii, 227. $49.95 (US). Reviewed by Robert Freeman Smith

PETER SCHRIJVERS. The GI War against Japan: American Soldiers in Asia and the Pacific during World War II. New York: New York University Press, 2002. Pp. xiii, 320. $45.00 (US). Reviewed by Marc Gallicchio

JON LATIMER. Alamein. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002. Pp. xiii, 400. $27.95 (US); MARK JOHNSTON and PETER STANLEY. Alamein: The Australian Story. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Pp. xii, 314. $60.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Saul Kelly

CHARLIE WHITHAM. Bitter Rehearsal: British and American Planning for a Post-war West Indies. Westport: Praeger, 2002. Pp. xxxvi, 224. –69.95 (US). Reviewed by J. Simon Rofe

JONATHAN E. LEWIS. Spy Capitalism: Itek and the CIA. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2002. Pp. vi, 329. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Alan Warburton

WILLIAM GLENN GRAY. Germany's Cold War: The Global Campaign to Isolate East Germany, 1949–1969. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2003. Pp. xii, 351. $49.95 (US). Reviewed by Wilfried Loth

GREG DONAGHY. Tolerant Allies: Canada and the United States, 1963–1968. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2002. Pp. x, 235. $75.00 (CDN). Reviewed by Edelgard Mahant

ROBERT J. TOPMILLER. The Lotus Unleashed: The Buddhist Peace Movement in South Vietnam, 1964–1966. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2002. Pp. xii, 214. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by Edwin E. Moïse

ROBERT HOPKINS MILLER. Vietnam and Beyond: A Diplomat's Cold War Education. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press, 2002. Pp. xix, 247. $36.50 (US). Reviewed by Lloyd C. Gardner

PIERRE ASSELIN. A Bitter Peace: Washington, Hanoi, and the Making of the Paris Agreement. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press, 2002; dist. Toronto: Scholarly Book Services. Pp. xx, 272. $32.95 (CDN), paper. Reviewed by Jussi M. Hanhimäki

M. S. KOHLI and KENNETH CONBOY. Spies in the Himalayas: Secret Missions and Perilous Climbs. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2002. Pp. xi, 226. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Robert J. McMahon

JOHN PRADOS. Lost Crusader: The Secret Wars of CIA Director William Colby. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. Pp. xvii, 380. $35.00 (US). Reviewed by Timothy N. Castle

PETER H. KOEHN and XIAO-HUANG YIN, eds. The Expanding Roles of Chinese Americans in US-China Relations: Transnational Networks and Trans-Pacific Interactions. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe, 2002. Pp. xl, 311. $66.95 (US), cloth; $25.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Gordon H. Chang

JEFFREY S. LANTIS. Strategic Dilemmas and the Evolution of German Foreign Policy since Unification. Westport: Praeger, 2002. Pp. xiii, 230. $64.95 (US). Reviewed by Stephen F. Szabo

FREDERICK H. FLEITZ, JR. Peacekeeping Fiascos of the 1990s: Causes, Solutions, and US Interests. Westport: Praeger, 2002. Pp. xx. 224. $39.95 (US). Reviewed by Robert L. Pfaltzgraff, Jr.

HENRY R. NAU. At Home Abroad: Identity and Power in American Foreign Policy. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2002. Pp. xiii, 314. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Melvyn P. Leffler

KRISTIAN SKREDE GLEDITSCH. All International Politics Is Local: The Diffusion of Conflict, Integration, and Democratization. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002. Pp. x, 266. $47.50 (US). Reviewed by Randall L. Schweller

RICHARD MADSEN and TRACY B. STRONG, eds. The Many and the One: Religious and Secular Perspectives on Ethical Pluralism in the Modern World. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2003. Pp. vi, 372. $22.95 (US), paper. Reviewed by Dorothy V. Jones.

MEHDI MOZAFFARI, ed. Globalization and Civilizations. London and New York: Routledge, 2002. Pp. xiv, 274. $120.00 (US). Reviewed by Richard Crockatt

KATHERINE BARBIERI. The Liberal Illusion: Does Trade Promote Peace? Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002. Pp. xiv, 184. $42.50 (US). Reviewed by Alfred E. Eckes