汪伪上海新闻检查所工作报告中国第二历史档案馆

<上海新闻检查所工作报告>,汪伪上海新闻检查所主任刘石克撰拟.<报告>对上海新闻检查所的沿革、职责及工作方式等作了简要回顾,对研究汪伪新闻检查有一定参考价值.     

检查、控制与导向--上海市电影检查委员会研究

上海是民国年间中国电影制作、发行、放映与进出口之中心。国民党当政后,上海市电影检查委员会的成立及其运作,表现出国家权力正向文学艺术等原本具有较自由发展空间的社会领域进行渗透与控制;其将检查重点置于武侠神怪片和美国“辱华”片,适应了社会心理,打开了影片检查的突破口,并为其后通过检查制度控制电影业的发展创造了条件;其检查方针与运作方法,在相当程度上为其后的教育、内政部电影检查委员会和中央电影检查委员会提供了参考与借鉴;在民国电影检查制度由自愿而强制、由个例而普遍、由民间而官方、由地方而中央的发展进程中扮演了承先启后、承上启下之不可或缺的重要角色。     

The voices of female pilgrims in medieval wills. The Jacobean devotion in Apulia (Italy)

The main topic of this study is to contribute to the study of female sacred mobility in the Middle Ages by proposing a new approach for the analysis of historical sources (wills and bequests), combining quantitative and qualitative methodology. We have set three aims: (1) Reinforcing the female presence within historical documents through their empirical analysis; (2) Reflecting upon female participation in the public sphere; (3) Investigating women’s agency in religious terms. Concerning the geographical context of the research, the historical sources have been retrieved from the Historical Archives of the Italian Region of Apulia (Italy); where we have studied the above mentioned topics in relation to the devotion to St. James (Spain). The first part of the article introduces female mobility to the city of Santiago de Compostela; then, it moves to the forms of devotion to the Apostle St. James the Greater and female pilgrims in Apulia. The present empirical study has the differential to propose a transversal interpretation of the selected historical texts according to the following criteria: (1) Devotion to the Apostle St. James the Greater (2) Female devotion. As well as reinforcing the use of these historical documents to investigate female social behaviour, the research contributes to the study of the female role within the geography of pilgrimage in the following terms: sacred mobility; territorial history and experiential and devotional value.     

Party Politics and the Provincial Press in Early Twentieth Century England: The Case of the South West

Based on the evidence of Devon and Cornwall, politicians continuedto regard the provincial press as highly influential in determiningtheir readers' party political affiliations well into the twentiethcentury. Until at least 1914, many of the leading local andregional newspapers were owned by prominent local politicians.After 1918, especially following the amalgamation of the twomain Conservative and Liberal papers, local politicians feltkeenly their lack of a reliable source of press support. Thecost of funding a party political newspaper became too highfor all but the richest politicians. Moreover, the status ofthe provincial press was increasingly undermined by improvedrail communications, allowing the national press to competeeven in farthest Cornwall. The wireless also reduced the importanceof the provincial press from the late 1920s. The real political influence of the provincial press is impossibleto assess with any certainty. Newspapermen believed that, despitethe often substantial expenditure by politicians, a stronglyparty political paper was more likely to alienate non-partisanreaders, leading to neither political nor commerical success.Modern research also suggests that partisan newspapers are probablyonly partially successful, doing more to reinforce their readers'existing opinions than to convert non-believers. ^*I am grateful to the University of Reading Library for permissionto quote from the Lord and Lady Astory papers, and to the WesternMorning News for permission to quote from their records, whichare deposited at the West Devon County Record Office.     

Of Sceptres and Censors: Biblical Interpretation and Censorship in Seventeenth-Century France

In 1676 Pierre-Daniel Huet, scholar and tutor to the Dauphin,encountered difficulties with state censorship. Bishop Bossuetwas blocking the publication of his Demonstratio evangelica,a recasting of an ancient Christian apologetic. The Sorbonnetheologian and censor, Edme Pirot, was caught in the middle.An analysis of the interaction between these three men revealsAncien Régime censorship as a series of negotiationsshaped by the different stakes, personalities, ambitions andstatus of the participants. Huet and Bossuet’s quarrelalso echoed the confessional debates of the sixteenth centuryand reflected disagreements within the Catholic Church thereafter.It raised such important questions as whether the Bible shouldbe subjected to the same types of analysis as secular textsand anticipated concerns about the relationship between biblicalcriticism and the rise of irreligion. Throughout, Bossuet skilfullymanipulated the mechanisms of state censorship to defend hisvision of Church Tradition by delaying the publication of Huet’sDemonstratio and suppressing Richard Simon’s L’histoirecritique du Vieux Testament.     

Millstone making in England

Abstract

Since the author's paper 'Millstones, Quarries and Millstone Makers' published in 1977 a good deal of interest has been taken in the subject, and much further information has come to light. The present paper is therefore an updating of the previous one as far as England is concerned, and tries to avoid any extensive repetition of information and ideas given there. It also avoids discussion of millstone making in the Peak District of Derbyshire since that very special area was dealt with in some detail in a recent paper in this journal. A general account is first given of the development of the millstone industry, particularly during the last two or three centuries, and its division into two distinct parts: (1) the making of monolithic millstones from indigenous rock in rural quarries and quarry workshops, and (2) the fabrication of millstones from imported small pieces of French burr-stone in urban factories. The import and export trades associated with these activities, and the cost of millstones, are discussed. Augmented data on English quarries which made monolithic millstones (outside the Peak District of Derbyshire) is presented, and it is found that none of these quarries are in the south of England. Finally, data on the many firms of urban millstone makers is given and discussed where that previously published can be significantly augmented, and it is mainly for the north of England that this is the case. (There was millstone making of both kinds in Scotland too, but this has been separately discussed. Further work on millstone making in Wales is in hand under the auspices of Mr Owen Ward and the Welsh Mills Group.)