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1.
    
ABSTRACT

In the light of growing inequality globally, it is important to consider how to make tourism, one of the world's largest industries, more inclusive. This concern is set in the context of, first, the growing use of tourism as a tool for social integration in Europe, not least in relation to making refugees welcome, and second, new expectations in the sustainable development goals (SDGs) that development should be inclusive and that the Global North and the private sector will take more responsibility for this. We provide a definition and suggest elements of an analytical framework for inclusive tourism, and note where inclusive tourism sits in relation to other terms that engage with the social and economic development potentials of tourism. Elements of inclusive tourism are illustrated with reference to a range of examples from around the world. This illustrates how marginalized people might be ethically and beneficially included in the production and consumption of tourism. However, it also demonstrates how formidable the challenges are to achieve substantial social change through inclusive tourism given constraints both within the sector and in the wider political economy.  相似文献   

2.
    
ABSTRACT

In recent decades, social enterprise has emerged from a variety of traditions and contexts to occupy a prominent position in relation to social change. Proponents argue that people with a business orientation are uniquely equipped to identify social problems, develop solutions and to scale these up. Muhammad Yunus and the non-collateralized loans of the Grameen Bank are held to exemplify this potential. Meanwhile, mass tourism destinations are increasingly found in less developed countries, placing relatively wealthy tourists in close proximity to poor people. One response to this has been a proliferation of social enterprises within the tourism industry. This paper investigates the potentials and limitations of social entrepreneurship to achieve inclusive tourism through an analysis of five established and highly regarded social enterprises in Siem Reap. The enterprises have created worthwhile new opportunities for poor and marginalized people and contributed substantially to revitalizing elements of Cambodian culture. Beyond these significant successes, their capacity to generate broader inclusiveness in either the tourism sector or the Cambodian economy, generally, appears limited. Continued social benefits are, furthermore, contingent on the commercial success of the enterprises, in a sector which is highly competitive and volatile, with even successful, well-run businesses never entirely secure.  相似文献   

3.
黎兴强 《人文地理》2013,28(4):148-154
旅游地产是旅游开发的主要组成部分,它缎带\"行\"到旅游目的地的游客提供\"吃、住、娱、购\"以及可意象的\"游\"赏空间。作为闲暇经济主体的旅游地产发展正面临产业转型与资源约束的双重压力。从后现代旅游地产开发理念的视角,结合永续发展和包容性发展概念,构建出包容性发展棱锥模型及其应遵循的底一图关系等6点原则,以弥补现代旅游地产开发在产业发展模式和空间资源利用规划与设计等的不足。中国后现代旅游地产发展新维度:严格\"三区四线\"的空间管制:应用HST-TOD一体化立体综合开发模式;倡导JHTSD极大化及优化房地产市场法制环境。  相似文献   

4.
卢松  张业臣  王琳琳 《人文地理》2017,32(4):138-145
新世纪以来古村落已发展成为深受游客喜爱的大众旅游地,在吸引大量游客纷至沓来的同时,也吸引了一些外来人口在此常住与工作,形成旅游移民。以世界文化遗产宏村为研究案例,在实地问卷调查的基础上探讨其旅游移民社会融合结构及融合现状。结果表明:①宏村旅游移民社会融合包含4个维度,分别为文化融合、心理融合、身份融合和经济融合。②宏村旅游移民整体社会融合度不高;其中,心理融合最好,公因子得分达到3.57分;其次是文化融合与身份融合,融合度均未达到中等水平,且文化融合维度的内部离散性较强;最后是经济融合,其融合度最低,移民经济收入未达到预期水平。③影响宏村旅游移民社会融合的主要因素分为个人因素和迁入地因素,其中迁入地因素影响程度大于个人因素。最后对古村落旅游移民社会融合的特征进行了讨论。  相似文献   

5.
对南京文化旅游开发模式与整合重点的探讨   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
许志晖  丁登山  向东 《人文地理》2006,21(3):34-37,33
本文在总结了文化旅游的基本属性与国内外主要开发模式的基础上,根据南京文化旅游的基础与开发现状,探讨了南京市文化旅游深度开发的模式与装点整合方向。  相似文献   

6.
Tara Patricia Cookson 《对极》2016,48(5):1187-1205
Throughout the global South, conditional cash transfer programmes (CCTs) are used to promote socially inclusive development. CCTs are widely evaluated for their capacity to build children's human capital. In contrast, this paper aims to hold “social inclusion” to account by elucidating the impacts of Peru's CCT “Juntos” on the poor, rural mothers who are expected to meet programme conditions. Grounded in extensive ethnographic research in households, clinics, schools, and village halls, the paper interrogates the work of social inclusion in spaces where uneven development manifests itself in privation. Considered in light of critical feminist theories of performativity and social reproduction, the findings shed light on a far less optimistic reality for the work of social inclusion. This paper contributes a rich empirical account to critical literature on cash transfers and the discourses that drive them, and suggests that the circumstances under which women are required to fulfil programme conditions challenge the substance of contemporary “inclusive” development.  相似文献   

7.
包容性旅游增长的概念内涵、实现机制和政策建议   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
近年来包容性增长理念在国内外得到日益广泛的认同。本文分析了包容性增长和包容性旅游增长的概念与内涵,提出了以旅游系统为框架的包容性旅游增长实现机制,并对该机制进行了系统外部和内部两个层面的详细解析。以此为基础,本文提出加强产业融合、扩大旅游需求、加强旅游扶贫、优化旅游利益分配机制、提高旅游公共服务水平是包容性旅游增长政策的基本立足点。结合我国实际,本文提出应通过拓宽产业融合广度和提高其深度之政策来推动实现我国旅游业外部包容性增长。针对旅游业内部包容性增长,本文提出了四个方面的政策建议:出台全国性的“国民休闲计划”,大力发展国民旅游;加大针对贫困地区的旅游扶贫力度,创新旅游扶贫方式;发展社区利益型旅游业,优化旅游利益分配机制;强化旅游公共服务体系建设,建立多层次的旅游公共服务系统。  相似文献   

8.
试论民族旅游的行业特征及其社会价值   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
作为第三产业重要组成部分的民族旅游业,摆脱了物质产品体系的既有规格和规范,依托各民族恒常的自然景观、鲜活的人资源,借助游客这一消费群体的流动,来实现其市场价值。此外,又能驱动各民族之间的化交流和化互动,发挥其它产业不可替代的社会价值。  相似文献   

9.
ABSTRACT

Stakeholder collaboration is increasingly being lauded as important in the development of accessible tourism. The purpose of this study is to explore how stakeholders collaborate in the development of accessible tourism. Drawing on research conducted in Western Australia, the study utilises qualitative approaches in its exploration. The evidence from the study strongly indicates that there is minimal collaboration between stakeholders in the development of accessible tourism. The findings suggest that when there are multiple and diverse stakeholders at play, an organic, circulatory and developmental approach to stakeholder collaboration should be adopted to innovatively move towards inclusive tourism – an ideal that aspires to equal access and inclusion for all. To this end, four emergent interrelated themes are considered: control and coordination, communication, clarity of roles and responsibilities and collaboration and integration. From these themes, a framework that can be applied to encourage collaboration is proposed.  相似文献   

10.
    
This paper attempts to distinguish the different meanings of “audience development” and “social inclusion” – two areas receiving increasing attention in British cultural policy – by discussing their overlap and close relation to “access”. These policy areas are fraught with inherent contradictions when examined in the light of sociological theories on culture. Consumption skills, the level of which is determined socio‐economically, and the function of culture for distinction suggest problems and paradoxes for audience development and social inclusion. Discussion on representation in culture, which can work to institutionalise inequality, also leads to a call for a “target‐driven” approach to these areas. This would be fundamentally different from the dominant “product‐led” approach that tries to leave the core product intact whilst making changes in presentation. To become truly inclusive is a most formidable challenge for cultural organisations as it inevitably brings them into a wholesale review of their core products.  相似文献   

11.
白凯  王晓娜 《人文地理》2018,33(5):133-142
通过探索性分析,初步建构并检验了旅游劳工移民地方融入的组成结构;以丽江古城为实证研究案例地,关联分析了社会氛围对旅游劳工移民地方融入的影响关系。结果表明:经验主义视角下旅游劳工移民的地方融入是人、活动、地方三者相互作用的结果,涵盖感知性融入(地方评价)、功能性融入(活动参与)及情感性融入(地方依恋)三个方面,且三者所建构的地方融入结构具有较好的可靠性和外部有效性;社会氛围与旅游劳工移民的地方融入呈显著性正相关。  相似文献   

12.
张凌云  杨晶晶 《人文地理》2012,27(2):140-144
旅游规划是一个地区对于未来旅游业发展的一种项目计划和制度安排,因此,在旅游规划编制以及落实过程中会涉及到各相关利益方的博弈。在我国一些少数民族地区,未被工业化的社会形态和结构成为一种稀缺的吸引物,旅游业成为当地具有较强比较优势的经济产业。但在旅游开发规划中,当地居民的利益诉求往往被忽视。新疆喀纳斯旅游规划应用了居民区与旅游区相隔离的战略,在达到了功能分区的目的的同时也引起了相关利益方之间的利益博弈,引发了我们对于编制旅游规划的程序和实体改革方向的思考。  相似文献   

13.
    
This paper aims to think differently about possibilities for feminist organizing in cities. We use a current experiment with city‐based feminist organizing to explore how it can be possible to work with the local state while at the same time challenging and disrupting understandings and practices that marginalize the diversity of women's needs, contributions and concerns. Trying to work “inside” the local state while maintaining an “outside” critical perspective involves a tricky balancing act between being inside enough to have credibility and effectiveness within the business of city politics and administration, and outside enough to maintain strong connections with the community and grassroots support. In managing this balancing act, we argue that the organization enacts a strategic use of prefiguration both within the organization and when engaging the local state.  相似文献   

14.
    
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic of 2019–2020 has the potential to transform the tourism industry as well as the context in which it operates. This global crisis in which travel, tourism, hospitality and events have been shut down in many parts of the world, provides an opportunity to uncover the possibilities in this historic transformative moment. A critical tourism analysis of these events briefly uncovers the ways in which tourism has supported neoliberal injustices and exploitation. The COVID-19 pandemic crisis may offer a rare and invaluable opportunity to rethink and reset tourism toward a better pathway for the future. ‘Responsible’ approaches to tourism alone, however, will not offer sufficient capacity to enable such a reset. Instead, such a vision requires a community-centred tourism framework that redefines and reorients tourism based on the rights and interests of local communities and local peoples. Theoretically, such an approach includes a way tourism could be ‘socialised’ by being recentred on the public good. This is essential for tourism to be made accountable to social and ecological limits of the planet.  相似文献   

15.
新时期省区旅游信息化规划的集成化趋势   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
路紫  李彦丽 《旅游科学》2005,19(4):49-53
当前旅游目的地营销系统(DMS)正在成为区域旅游信息化服务的核心平台,并逐渐成为旅游主管部门、旅游企业和旅游消费者互动的第一界面,它对于解决以往旅游信息化建设中出现的基础工作薄弱、信息共享不足、建设模式单一、市场机制缺乏等问题发挥了巨大作用。其发展水平也已成为衡量区域旅游信息化程度的主要标志。因此省区旅游信息化规划呈现出集成化趋势。本文拟从集成驱动力、集成表现、集成外部结构以及集成形式四方面予以论证。旨在对未来省区旅游信息化建设提供参考。  相似文献   

16.
20多年来,上海都市旅游发展非常迅速。旅游基础设施和配套功能不断增强;旅游景点日渐完善,新建筑景观不断涌现;旅游产业成为上海经济发展的重要增长点。面临加入WTO、APEC行动的深入、中国-东盟自由贸易区的建构、西部大开发、以及中国国际地位日益增强的新机遇,上海要确保都市旅游的战略高地强势,加强与长江三角洲地区的旅游一体化行动,主动参与亚太和全球旅游一体化进程,在区域一体化进程中受益,进一步提升都市旅游竞争力。  相似文献   

17.
古代佛教旅游发展及其启示   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文研究了历史时期佛教旅游发展以及佛教寺院作为旅游吸引物功能转换过程。研究认为佛教旅游作为人类历史上重要的旅游活动形式之一,在不同发展时期,佛教旅游活动表现为不同的形式与内涵。佛教寺院在满足日常宗教活动同时,也采取\"顺俗\"措施,其作为佛教旅游核心旅游吸引物的各项功能也在不断完善。历史时期佛教旅游发展对现代宗教旅游开发有着重要启示:本质上现代佛教旅游是古代佛教旅游发展和延续;适应现代旅游业发展需求是佛教发展所必须面对的问题;调整佛教寺院旅游功能是促进佛教旅游健康发展的重要现实途径。  相似文献   

18.
    
In-depth interviews, text analysis of official documents, and a representative case study are explored to investigate the disempowerment of residents in Tiantangzhai, an emerging yet isolated alpine tourism area in Anhui Province, China. Qualitative research was conducted within the specific political and economic context of China and concludes that (1) residents suffered disempowerment in five areas, including access to productive living space, access to natural resources, access to information, travel benefits, and travel participation; and (2) the mechanisms of disempowerment included government development strategy and system design, elite community relationship networks, individual socio-economic conditions, and social support measures. The research implications suggest that smooth and successful tourism development depends on improving the performance assessment of officials, consolidating administrative supervision, the timely dissemination of information relevant to tourism development, and enhancing opportunities for local residents to participate in tourism development.  相似文献   

19.
由文化景观结构地域整合研究的理论背景出发,以徐州汉文化为例,分析了徐州汉文化景观的结构及其形成的地理历史基础;从文化地理的角度,系统论述了徐州汉文化景观结构的地域整合与历史演变过程,并划分为四个时期;最后,就徐州汉文化景观结构的地域整合对旅游开发的意义作了阐述。  相似文献   

20.
区域旅游一体化的理论建构与战略设计——以京津冀为例   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
戴斌  黄璜 《人文地理》2016,31(3):128-135
本文分析了区域旅游一体化的静态和动态经济效益,运用新经济地理学理论研究了区域旅游一体化效益的产生机制,并总结了区域旅游一体化的五种主要模式。以京津冀区域为典型案例,分析了京津冀旅游一体化的背景条件和主要举措,认为京津冀旅游一体化已进入中级阶段,在扩大旅游企业市场规模、串联旅游线路体系、获取内部规模经济和本地化经济等方面已取得长足进展,未来发展的重点应集中在获取城市化经济、鼓励旅游企业跨行政区合作、建立常设性旅游管理机构等方面。  相似文献   

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