从青海出土文物浅析隋唐时期联珠纹饰的盛行及衰微

青海位于中原、西域、北方草原民族等文化圈的交融地带,出土了大量的隋唐时期联珠纹饰样的文物,生动地反映了隋唐时期中西经济、文化交流的盛况。萨珊联珠纹在青海地区的流行,对研究隋唐时期中、西亚文化在青海的传播发展,以及"丝绸之路青海道"在中西交通史上的历史地位具有重要意义     

狻猊·天马·跳脱缨——以考古为例看伊朗与中国的文化交流

以往关于伊朗-中国间的文化交流,多依赖传世文献进行探讨,时间范围主要集中在萨珊波斯晚期或中国隋唐时期。本文以狻猊（狮子）、天马（阿克哈·塔克马）和跳脱缨（手串）为例,试图探讨两国间年代更早的交流。从考古发现看,狮子在战国时期就已经为中国人所了解,并从汉代就扎根于中国艺术。比较汉晋和萨珊艺术中的额髦和鞍鞯后的花穗,也可以看出中国与伊朗在马具、马饰上的许多共同特点。此外,中国首饰中的玛瑙珠、天珠和“蜻蜓眼”也深受伊朗艺术影响。     

萨珊王朝存续考

萨珊王朝何时灭亡,似乎已成定论,即史学界把萨珊王朝国王伊嗣侯于651年在呼罗珊地区的木鹿附近被杀,视为萨珊王朝灭亡的标志。但本认为,萨珊残存王朝继续存在到八世纪中期。     

敦煌图像服饰上的联珠纹初探

敦煌图像中服用联珠纹的样式基本可以在织物图案上找到对照,但样式有所简化。据所见其内置主题纹样主要为朵花,排列方式多为散点排列。服用联珠纹的对象以佛国人物和外族世俗人物为主。装饰有联珠纹的服饰品种有僧祇支、裙、大方披肩、袍、襦、护领等,装饰部位多在服装的缘边。     

后萨珊金属制品琐议

“后萨珊”一词的字面意思是萨珊王朝(226——636年)以后,这一名称虽然已经使用了六十余年,但确切定义仍不很清楚,解释得也不够全面。在内涵和外延上,不同学者有不同的解释,以Oleg Grabar为代表的研究者认为它是指不属于传统萨珊系统的任何金银器皿,Prudence Harper和Ralph Pirlde1-Wilson。等人则指出从萨珊到伊斯兰,中间有一个变化过程,他们认为这种转变的早朗阶段才叫     

萨珊波斯帝国在拜占廷金币传入过程中的影响

地处东西两大文明交汇点的萨珊波斯帝国,不仅本身创造出灿烂辉煌的文明,也为东西商贸文化交流做出了巨大的贡献。本文以中国出现之拜占廷金币及其仿制品为线索,考察萨珊波斯帝国在罗马帝国（及拜占廷帝国）与东方之间的联系作用,证明它在拜占廷金币向东传播、流向中国的过程中有着非常重要的影响,是古代东西经济文化交流的重要媒介之一。     

南北朝时期流行于中国的东罗马金币和萨珊银币

东罗马金币和萨珊银币都是打压而成的圆形无孔贵金属货币,属于古代西方货币体系,与古代中国浇铸的圆形方孔钱币不同。南北朝时期,由于中国北方政治形势的特殊性,加上丝路贸易的空前兴盛,东罗马金币和萨珊银币大量东输,     

中国出土萨珊银币的形式特征与时、空分布

萨珊货币是由公元3世纪在伊朗高原西部建立的萨珊王朝所发行的货币。这种货币是当时普遍流通的一种国际货币,在世界的许多国家和地区都有发现。从20世纪初开始,中国也陆陆续续出土了这种货币,其出土数量之多,出土地点之广,不能不引起人们的重视。     

关于陕西发现波斯萨珊金、银币的研究

对于波斯萨珊币的研究,从世界范围来看已经有200多年的历史,许多钱币学专家从钱币的形状、材质、单位、重量、纹饰、文字等进行了多方面的整理和研究.近些年来,在西安及其周围发现了多种波斯萨珊币,由于丝绸之路的纽带联结,这些制作于公元4-8世纪的波斯萨珊金、银币在隋唐的都城长安及其周围出土和发现,对于中西文化交流史的研究具有重要的意义.本文对这些萨珊币是否具有流通货币的功能,与宗教信仰的关系以及东西方钱币文化的重要差异作一概述和探讨,不当之处,敬请指正.     

北齐韩祖念墓出土玻璃杯考--兼论魏晋南北朝时期波斯玻璃器之东传

1982年太原北齐韩祖念墓出土了一件玻璃高足杯,我们用X射线荧光光谱对其进行了无损分析。检测结果表明:这件玻璃杯是典型的萨珊草木灰类型玻璃。结合器形、纹饰和文献记载,推测其应为波斯萨珊使者向北齐进献的贡品,为萨珊玻璃沿丝绸之路传播提供了新的证据。本文还对魏晋南北朝外来玻璃检测结果进行了总结,并系统划分了这一时期舶来玻璃的类型及其在中国分布的地域和时代特征。     

The Limits of Sasanian History: Between Iranian,Islamic and Late Antique Studies

This essay discusses the position of Sasanian Studies from its inception in the late nineteenth century, to its reinvigoration at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The work also discusses the development of the field of Sasanian history and civilization vis-à-vis the three fields of Iranian, Islamic and Late Antique Studies. It is posited that Sasanians have benefited from cross-disciplinary and new historical frameworks that go beyond the traditional field of Iranian Studies, which was never as interested in the history of the period.     

The Study of Ancient Iran in the Twentieth Century

The following article discusses the development of ancient Iranian studies, namely the important philological, archaeological, religious, and historical discoveries in the twentieth century and how they have changed our views of ancient Iran and its impact on modern Iranian identity. The essay also previews the use and abuse of ancient Iranian studies by the state and their focus on the newly discovered Achaemenid Empire at the cost of Arsacid and Sasanian dynasties.     

Buried far from home: Sasanian graves at Jebel al‐Emeilah (Sharjah,UAE)

Human skeletons were recovered in two unmarked burials blown to the surface of a dune south‐west of Jebel al‐Emeilah in the Central Region of the Sharjah Emirate (UAE). Sasanian stamp seals were found associated with one of the individuals. A bone fragment of this individual provided a direct radiocarbon date placing it in the Middle Sasanian period. With the aid of strontium isotope analysis it was possible to determine that the two individuals were immigrants to the area that is now part of the UAE.     

From the “Cleavage” of Central Asia to Greater Khurasan: History and Historiography of Late Antique East Iran

The history of Central Asia is normally considered peripheral to those of the civilizations that surrounded it—Marshal Hodgson termed it a civilizational “cleavage.” However, in the early Islamic period this region, particularly its southern and western parts, emerges as the dominant entity of Greater Khurasan to play a central role in the affairs of the Islamic Caliphate. This paper considers the history of the region, dubbed East Iran, before this rise to importance and proposes a different historiographical approach focusing on the developments in East Iran during the period of late antiquity and in interaction with the Sasanian Empire. It is proposed that the Greater Khurasan emerged as the result of the merging of the socio-cultural worlds of East Iran and that of the Sasanian Empire.     

“Who Would be Mine for the Day!”: Irano-Judaic Marriage Customs in Late Antiquity

Zoroastrians of Babylonia had long lived alongside an important Jewish community whose presence in the region can be traced back to the Achaemenid period (c. 550?330 BCE). Such long coexistence should justify an interest in the examination of cultural sharing between these two religious groups of ērān?ahr; however, it is just recently that the question of the level of cultural contact between them has become a more important source of inquiry and research by scholars of Iranian history, religious studies and Late Antiquity. The exchanges between the Jews and Zoroastrians of the Sasanian period and their impact on the character of the Babylonian Talmud have been the subject of a number of recent studies, notably by Shaul Shaked, Yaakov Elman, Geoffrey Herman and Shai Segunda, among others. The aim of this article is to contribute to these efforts by exploring the roots of some distinctly Sasanian marriage customs that transcended religious lines and were shared by the rabbinic Jews and Zoroastrians of ērān?ahr.     

Looking through The Two Eyes of the Earth: A Reassessment of Sasanian Rock Reliefs

Matthew Canepa's recent study of the cultural and political interactions between Rome and Sasanian Iran, has provided an opportunity to reassess Sasanian rock reliefs in light of the claims and counter claims between these two empires. Since victory over Romans meant a victory over an-Erān, and generated the most potent of all farrs, i.e. the Aryan farr, many rock reliefs were conceived to show its reflection on the king. What is most interesting, though, is the array of nuances that are incorporated in them to account for the differences that were particular to each situation.     

Oman and late Sasanian imperialism

Arguments about the nature of late Sasanian imperial involvement in Oman have become quite polarised over the past few decades. Historians and archaeologists have used their different caches of evidence to suggest quite variant conclusions concerning the extent of the Sasanians’ imperial involvement in south‐east Arabia and the impact that this involvement may have had on the prosperity of Omani local agriculture and the economy there. This article, however, seeks to demonstrate that the evidence of literary sources for the late pre‐Islamic history of south‐east Arabia, written primarily in Arabic by Muslims several centuries after the events being described, can be placed alongside other written evidence for the late Sasanian empire to suggest a picture of late Sasanian imperial involvement in Oman that is not all that far removed from the conclusions reached by many archaeologists working in the region. The article demonstrates that late Sasanian imperial interest in Oman may not have led to the intense settlement and agricultural development of the coastal plain sometimes suggested, but that there was nonetheless a significant place for Oman within ērān?ahr, the territory of the king of kings.     

The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al‐Bahrain: Sasanian or Islamic?

The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al-Bahrain to the Islamic period has been maintained by the Danish excavators since the building was uncovered in 1955–57. The French excavators have argued for a considerably earlier date, in the Sasanian period. The problem with this dating is firstly, the lack of Sasanian finds on the alleged early floor of the fortress and secondly, the status of this floor which is known only from very small trenches and more likely belongs to a Late Parthian architectural phase predating the fortress.