美国华人和其他主要亚裔族群的跨国政治活动调查

根据2000—2001年全美亚裔政治态度试点调查的原始数据,通过拉美裔跨国政治活动与亚裔的比较,从美国亚裔政治上能否被同化,政治活动能否跨国界、哪些亚裔参与跨国政治、亚裔的政治跨国主义和政治同化关系等方面,对美国亚裔跨国政治活动的形成、特点及其相互关系进行实证分析。结论是,亚裔在许多方面与拉美裔等其他移民群体有相似的特点;反对亚裔“不可同化论”;亚裔保持跨国联系不会对他们在美国的文化、政治同化产生负面影响;那些移民前积极参政、在美国积极参与族裔社区组织活动、积极参与和亚裔事务有关政治活动的亚裔,参与跨国政治的比例较高。     

美国亚洲移民研究的新成果——评《美国移民政策与亚洲移民》

美国是世界上典型的移民国家之一。建国后至今,共有4600多万各种民族、各种文化的移民来到这里。随着亚裔集团力量的壮大和亚洲移民比例的不断上升,美国对亚洲移民的政策成为美国学研究的新课题。由丁则民教授作序、戴超武博士撰写的《美国移民政策与亚洲移民》一书已由中国社会科学出版社出版发行。     

从多边关系视角论20世纪初朝鲜人移民夏威夷活动的中止

1903年初至1905年春夏之交,数千朝鲜移民陆续出现在夏威夷群岛。但移民活动不到三年便戛然而止,国际政治舞台上多边关系的发展变化起到了决定性作用。在朝鲜近代史上,日本以"特殊"角色对朝鲜行侵吞之实,由之引发的朝鲜人向夏威夷的移民活动必然在同期日朝关系框架内发展,此为问题关键所在;在夏威夷和朝鲜之间,美国亚太政策的天平明显倾向于前者,而日本则借机加强对后者的控制;20世纪初,日本在朝占据绝对优势地位,但围绕日朝移民问题的日美矛盾渐露端倪,而日本将其归因于夏威夷朝鲜移民的大量出现。日本为避免美国"排日法案"出笼恶化日美关系便迫使朝鲜中止向夏威夷的移民活动。     

概论美国的移民、民族和种族关系理论

概论美国的移民、民族和种族关系理论周钢,杨国美关于美国移民、民族与种族关系史学,国内已有学者做过专门研究①。本文拟在前人研究基础上,结合国外学术界近年来新的研究成果,系统评介美国学术界目前流行的几种理论。外来移民在美国的生活适应问题,还在欧洲移民大量...     

书讯

《心声——美国亚裔妇女史》出版美国杜鲁门州立大学历史系教授令狐萍的新著《心声——美国亚裔妇女史》(Voices oftheHeart:Asian American Women onImmigration,Work,and Family,Truman State University,2007)于2007年10月由杜鲁门州立大学出版社出版。该书是首部囊括美国亚裔各族裔妇女于一集的专著。该书从令狐萍教授于过去二十多年来口述访谈的三百多名亚裔妇女中精选54例,生动再现美国亚裔妇女的历史。这些亚裔妇女来自各行各业,既有美国土生,亦有移民入籍者。她们如何移民寻梦,如何冲破种族偏见,如何处理家庭与事业的平衡,如何…     

伊西多礼《辞源·论史》与基督教编年史的兴起

7世纪初西班牙塞维利亚大主教伊西多礼的《辞源?论史》是中古早期对史学撰述体裁最为理论化的论述,但也长期被学者们认为逻辑混乱。本文结合当时的史学实践,进行仔细的文本解读,发现他的论述不仅不乱,而且还是对史学撰述实践与时俱进的反映。如果将他的论述作为导引,可以更为深刻地认识到由于基督教编年史的兴起所带来的史学变化,从而更好地理解从古代史学向中古史学的过渡。     

周敏教授与移民社会学和亚裔研究学

本文主要介绍和评价了周敏教授在移民社区、移民社会适应和文化同化、移民社会学理论、移民后裔尤其是第二代以及在美国亚裔人口和社区动态等方面的研究成果和探索。同时,还介绍了周敏教授为美国亚裔研究学和华裔研究学新学科的巩固与发展做出的巨大努力。     

正确的历史观应该成为历史教师的基本素质——试评“西方中心论”对历史教学的影响

历史观是指导史学研究和教学的理论基础,对历史发展规律宏观把握的程度如何,决定着历史教学的科学性和客观性。作为历史教师,应当具备较高的史学理论素养,运用正确的历史观来统畴历史教学的内容,这样才能将客观、准确的历史知识传授给学生。同时,又能从史实中总结出有益的历史经验、启示和教训,更好地发挥史学育人的功能。就历史观的角度而言,至今对人们影响较大的理论观点就是"西方中心论"。尽管人们早已意识到中国社会发展的独特性,也经久不息地批评着西方学者这种片面的理论观点,然而,人们在讲授本国历史时不自觉地仍以西方为参照,从而影响了历史认识的正确性。因此,历史教师确立"中国中心观"是当务之急。     

论北一辉关于“对华二十一条要求”主张的实质

北一辉是日本法西斯主义的"教祖"。然而20世纪90年代以来一部分日本学者将北一辉美化成了"解放亚洲"的"英雄",美国学术界也有类似的观点。我国学术界关于北一辉的研究相对薄弱,大多数研究只是在论述近代日本的法西斯主义运动时简单涉及,因而无法形成对海外右翼观点的有力批判。本文①通过论证北一辉关于"对华二十一条要求"的主张,深入阐明他的亚洲战略是谋求日本霸权的侵略论和对东亚国际关系现实的歪曲反映,因此他绝非"解放亚洲"的"英雄"。     

伯纳德·贝林与美国早期移民史研究

在20世纪70年代,受叙述史学、新社会史和计量史学的启发,美国历史学家伯纳德·贝林对历史学研究主题和史学方法进行了反思。一方面,他把研究兴趣从政治思想史转向社会史;另一方面,他先后使用中心-边缘模式和大西洋视角来解释17世纪和18世纪北美移民史。详细考察贝林的移民史研究有助于国内学者加深对贝林史学思想的认识,了解美国移民史的新进展,并采用大西洋视角来研究美国早期史。     

NEPALESE HISTORY IN A EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE: A CASE STUDY IN TRANSCULTURAL HISTORIOGRAPHY

In March 2013, a group of German, Nepalese, and Swiss historians, Indologists, and an architectural historian gathered for a workshop in Nepal to develop a new approach to the understanding of South Asian historiography, especially the Nepalese chronicles from the nineteenth century. The outcome is the present collaboratively written article. It is argued that, in the past, the analysis of South Asian historiography has been preoccupied by arguments based on an understanding of history that highlights facts and events. A transcultural and multidisciplinary approach, however, would overcome the common dichotomies of factuality and fictionality, history and myth, or evidence and truth. Recognizing the specificity of South Asian historiography, the article develops an approach to bridge asymmetries and entanglements in the academic use of the past in a way that also opens up a new perspective on Western historiography. By analyzing the religious, spatial, literary, and historical, and contemporary or context‐related aspects of a nineteenth‐century chronicle and by using “fieldwork” as a methodological tool for studying historiography, it is proposed to understand the framing of time and the making of sequences and historical periods as an open process that results in the constant and synchronic creation of chronological spaces.     

Analysis of Japanese influence on the three major historiographical trends in early modern China

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the intrinsic relationships between Japanese historiography and the three great historiographical trends of New Historiography, Debates on Ancient History, and Marxist historiography, from the macroscopic perspective of the transformation, development, and early modern growth of modern and early modern Chinese historiography, exploring how Chinese historical researchers selected, deviated from, and assimilated Japanese historiography, while also particularly focusing on how the recipients utilized Japanese historiographical methods and concepts as well as the achievements of Japanese scholars in researching Chinese history to construct their own interpretation of Chinese historiography, in a study of the academic trend of indigenization.     

Histories of Migrants and Refugees in Australia

This article canvasses recent scholarship on migrants and refugees in Australian history. It covers broadly three main fields of enquiry: White Australia, postwar immigration and refugees since the Vietnam War. We argue there is a new dynamism to the field while simultaneously making the case that migrant and refugee history has hitherto been largely quarantined from mainstream Australian historiography.     

What Time Is Japan? Problems of Comparative (Intercultural) Historiography

Rather than reflect on the process of an alleged "modernization" of historical scholarship, an intercultural comparison of historiography should take the European origins of academic history as its starting point. The reason, as this article argues, is that in non-European countries the European genealogy of the discipline of history continued to structure interpretations of the past. Both on the level of method, but more importantly on the level of interpretive strategies, "Europe" remained the yardstick for historiographical explanation. This article will use the example of postwar Japanese historiography to show that historians resorted to a European model in order to turn seemingly unconnected events in the Japanese past into a historical narrative. This is not to imply, however, that Japanese historiography passively relied on concepts from Western discourse. On the contrary, Japanese historians appropriated and transformed the elements of this discourse in the specific geopolitical setting of the 1940s and 1950s. This act of appropriation served the political purpose of positioning Japan with respect to Asia and the "West." However, on an epistemological level, the priority of "Europe" persisted; Japanese historiography remained a "derivative discourse." Studies in comparative historiography, therefore, should be attentive to these traces of the European descent of academic history and privilege the transnational history of historiography over meditations on its internal rationalization.     

近50年来国内关于史学传统的研究

中国史学的优良传统是当代史学得以发展的重要思想资料之一。发掘和继承中国史学的优良传统,作为我们史学创新的起点,这是当前历史条件下史学发展的要求。近50年来国内关于史学传统的研究从整理史学遗产工作开始,对史学传统的研究逐渐从内容的总结上升到对民族精神、人文精神的挖掘,并就一些史学传统之间的联系和现实意义展开讨论,出现了活跃的局面。从中可以预见中国史学传统研究的趋势和前景,为新时期史学进行新创造提供借鉴。     

The periphery revisited: Polish post-war historiography on the working class and the new global labour history

This paper explores the characteristics of post-war Polish historiography on the working class and relates it to current trends in global labour history. Although, in Poland, labour history never existed as a separate field, many historians focused their studies on either working-class history or the history of the workers’ movement. After 1945, Polish historiography was circumscribed by political and ideological considerations; however – except during the brief Stalinist period (1951–56) – Marxist methodology was not imposed or applied uncritically. In fact, discussions about the role of the working class in history that began after 1956 generated research interest in new groups of workers and labour relations. Much of this research concerns recently highlighted aspects of labour history, such as marginal groups of workers or free versus unfree labour. Polish historians’ reinterpretation of Marxist orthodoxy proceeded from their empirical studies of nineteenth-century Polish lands – at the periphery of Western capitalist development – as well as from their theoretical influences. This article argues that some aspects of the Polish historiography on the working class qualify it as part of labour history’s heritage, despite the historiography’s significant limitations.     

科学史学乎?“科学古学”乎?——傅斯年“史学便是史料学”之思想渊源新探

在现代中国史学史上,傅斯年以其"史学便是史料学"的口号,成为所谓"史料学派"的代表人物。而"史料学派"之推动历史研究的科学化,又常与德国兰克学派的理论和实践相比仿。不过傅氏虽然曾留学德国,但从他的藏书和其它资料来看,其实他在留学期间,对兰克学派及其德国的历史研究,并没有太多接触。相反,傅氏对西方博古主义或古学运动对古典文化的研究,颇有兴趣。他在回国以后所开展的一系列工作,也显示出他之强调史料的扩充和整理,并由此来推广科学史学的做法,介乎于科学主义和博古主义之间。     

On the New Trends in Recent Chinese Historiography—An Appraisal Based on Views from Social History

The development of historiography in the new era has manifested in the discourse of “new historiography.” One of its achievements is the rise of “social history” or “new social history.” Over the course of the past four decades, the study of social history has prospered, as it has continuously broadened the research field by embracing interdisciplinary methods. As a result, its development has shaped the prospects of Chinese historiography in the new era. Admittedly, if we were to follow a stricter standard of evaluation, then it becomes evident that some problems worthy of reflection are present in the development of new historiography, such as sociologization, the localization of historical research, and the pursuit of new trends in research. For these reasons, we must be aware of these problems in academia in the new era.