The North American Folk Revival: Nation and Identity in the United States and Canada, 1945–1980

The Secret of the Totem. By Andrew Lang. Longmans, Green &; Co. London, 1905. 10/6 Net. By F. B. Jevons.

The Origin of Worship : A Study in Primitive Religion. By Rafael Karsten. An Academical Dissertation. Wasa: F. W. Unggren. 1905. viii., 143 pp. By R. R Marett. Bantu Folk Lore. By Matthew L. Hewat, M.D. Cape Town: T. Maskew Miller. By Bertram C. A. Windle.

The Czech Ethnographical Review, vol. xi. Published by the Society of the Cech Ethnographical Museum. Prague, 1905. By Francis P. Marchant.

Der Sagenkreis vom Geprellten Teufel. Von Aug. Wünsche. Leipzig Und Wien, Akademischer Verlag, 1905. By E. Sidney Hartland.

Religionsgeschichtliche Versuche und Vorarbeiten, herausgegeben von Albert Dieterich und Richard Wünsch. Gieszen: J. Ricker. I. Attis: seine Mythen und seine Kult, von Hugo Hepding. (1903.) M. 5. II. 2: De Mortuorum Iudicio, scripsit Ludovicu0s Ruhl. (1903.) M. 1.80. II. 3: De Poetarum Romanarum doctrina magica quaestdones selectae, scripsit Ludovicus Fahz. (1904.) M. 1.60.

The Little Black Princess : A True Tale of Life in the Never-Never Land. By Jeannie Gunn. Alexander Moring, Ltd.

Animism: The Seed of Religion. By Edward Clodd, London: A. Constable &; Co. 1905. By R. R. Marett.

Anthropos: International Zeitschrift für Völker- U. Sprachenkunde. Edited By P. W. Schmidt. Band I, Heft 1, 2. Salzburg: Zaunrith'sche Buch- Kunst- Und Steindruckerei. 15 kr. p. a. By Charlotte S. Burne.     

International Celebrities and Irish Identity in the United States and Beyond, 1840–1860

This article uses Antonio Gramsci's theory of cultural hegemony to analyze how a relatively small Irish-American bourgeoisie legitimated its authority over the broader Irish ethnic community during the antebellum era. As part of the massive wave of immigrants that left Ireland during and after the Great Famine of the mid-1840s, the Irish Catholic middle class was saddled with a dually marginal status. On the one hand, its members maintained only tenuous authority over the hundreds of thousands of peasants and laborers that made up the bulk of the Irish-American community. On the other hand, they were deeply distrusted by important elements of native American society that associated them with the supposed superstition, laziness, and violence of their lower-class fellow countrymen. The bourgeoisie responded by using the celebrity status of Irish political exiles to achieve the twin project of simultaneously obscuring intra-ethnic class tensions while proving its suitability for American domestic politics. Famous personalities and the editors who lauded them employed celebrity to consolidate their leadership status in America.     

Financial policies in the Papal States, 1790s–1848: a comparative study of Napoleonic Europe

This article discusses the financial policies of the Papal States from the late eighteenth to the mid-nineteenth century in relation to the rest of Europe, and especially Italy. Its crucial starting point is the Napoleonic economic reforms, which had important and often lasting effects throughout its former empire. French reliance on debt reduction and heavy though equitable taxation improved the financial conditions of most European lands even as they convulsed from the protracted wars. The economic austerity prior to 1814 forced post-Napoleonic Europe to make decisions on the degree of continuity on these two financial fronts. Political instability beginning in the 1820s for some, and the early 1830s and late 1840s for the rest, upset the rather tenuous financial position that most lands found themselves in. For the Papal States, the Napoleonic period improved its financial position to the detriment of ecclesiastical institutions. The period also revealed the inherent flaws in its financial system, necessitating a decentralized approach to the restoration, relying on individual (or institutional) initiatives and large foreign loans, in lieu of overarching policies. By the 1850s, a further lack of financial control induced the renewal of Peter’s Pence.