论都铎英国的货币管制

货币的铸造及发行权是封建时代王权的重要组成部分,因而历来备受各国政府的高度重视和管制.都铎时期的英国既出于强化王权的需要,又迫于国内非常状况的压力,曾以王室公告为主要法律手段,对货币实行了严格而长期的国家管制,并取得了一定的成效.但囿于若干因素的制约,其实际效果又有一定局限性.     

在专制与法治之间——“都铎悖论”解析

都铎时期英国的政体性质十分独特和复杂。一方面,都铎王权空前强大,在国家权力结构、政治法律体制和君主的统治行为方面都呈现出不可否认的专制趋向;另一方面,都铎诸王基本上是遵照“政治程序”行使其统治权的,因而又处处表现出明显的法治特征。结果,原本根本对立的专制和法治不合逻辑地共存于都铎政体中,形成奇特的“都铎悖论”现象。这一现象看似不可思议,实际上并不难理解,它是从中世纪向近代过渡时期建立民族主权国家的时代需要和英国独特的宪政法制传统共同导致的必然结果。     

Reflections on Tudor Green

Abstract

In this article the author suggests that the time has come to revise ideas on Tudor Green ware. He puts forward the suggestion that there was no such thing as a Tudor Green industry, and that it would be more appropriate to group together comparable ceramics from this region under the term Southern Whiteware.     

论英国都铎专制君主制的有限性

英国都铎王朝时期的君主制久享“专制”之名,但又绝非东方式的或欧洲大陆式的绝对主义君主制。由于它处在英国封建制度日趋没落、资本主义迅速发展的历史过渡时期,在“王在议会”和“议会至上”的原则已经萌芽的情况下,其权势势必受到法律和议会的限制,而带有浓重的“有限性”特点。     

The Sandford Orleigh overmantle: a 19th-century Tudor puzzle

In the 1830s a colourful Devon landowner and industrialist, George Templer, had a new house built for himself at Sandford Orleigh, on the outskirts of Newton Abbot, Devon. One of the principal rooms within was furnished with an imposing overmantle that was created from his collection of antique oak carvings. The overmantle, much neglected, was donated to the local museum in 2008, whereupon a conservation and research project exploring it was launched. This resulted in the discovery that at the heart of this piece lay a Tudor-period reredos, created in the then-fashionable Renaissance style: all’antica. The style of work seen in this overmantle compares closely to a screen in nearby Bradley manor and the south door of Totnes church.     

The Sheriffs of York and Yorkshire in the Tudor Period1

This is the first article-length study of the sheriffs of York and Yorkshire in the Tudor period. It argues that the shrievalty was a thriving system which fulfilled diverse vital functions of local government and administration. It begins by introducing the sheriffs of York and Yorkshire, explaining their relationship and manner of appointment. It then explains the principal duties of these sheriffs, namely service on the city council of York, the execution of writs, the keeping of prisoners, the maintenance of law and order and revenue collection. The article proceeds to analyse the sheriffs’ judicial responsibilities in the Court of Pleas, tourn and county court. It concludes with information about a broader project conceived by the author: a comprehensive study of the Tudor sheriff across England, Wales and Ireland.