Obituary

EUROPE

The Future of Scotland. By James A. Bowie, M.A., D.Litt. London and Edinburgh : W. and R. Chambers, Ltd., 1939. Price 7s. 6d.

Hebridean Journey. By Halliday Sutherland. London : Geoffrey Bles Ltd., 1939. Price 10s. 6d.

The Islands of Scotland. By Hugh MacDiarmid. London : B. T. Batsford Ltd., 1939. Price 10s. 6d.

To Introduce the Orkneys and Shetlands. By Iain F. Anderson. London : James Clarke and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 7s. 6d.

My Kingdom for a Horse. By Margaret Leigh. London : Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 7s. 6d.

North Cape. By F. D. Ommanney. London : Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 10s. 6d.

The Land of France. By Ralph Dutton and Lord Holden. London : B. T. Batsford Ltd., 1939. Price 8s. 6d.

Greek Earth. By Sidney W. Hopper. London: Michael Joseph Ltd., 1939. Price 12s. 6d.

The Mirrors of Versailles. By Elisabeth Kyle. London : Constable and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 10s.

Towns and People of Modern Poland. By Robert McBride. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1939. Price 10s. 6d.

ASIA

Minaret and Pipe‐Line: Yesterday and To‐day in the Near East. By Margret Boveri. Translated by L. M. Sieveking. London : Humphrey Milford at the Oxford University Press, 1939. Price 21s.

Settlements in the Lower Indus Basin (Sind), Parts I and II ; and Sind's Changing Map. By Professor M. B. Pithawalla. Karachi: The author. Prices Rs. 5 and Rs. 2 respectively.

REVIEWS OF BOOKS

Peaks and Lamas. By Marco Pallis. London : Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 18s.

Eastern Journey. By J. H. MacCullum Scott. London : The Travel Book Club, 1939. Price 3s. 6d.

The Naked Nagas. By C. von Fürer‐Haimendorf. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 15s.

Karakoro: At Home in Japan. By Henry Noël. Tokyo : The Hokuseido Press, 1939. Price 6s. 6d.

I went to the Soviet Arctic. By Ruth Gruber. London : Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1939. Price 10s. 6d.

AFRICA

Afrique Équatoriale, Orientale et Australe (Géographie Universelle, vol. XII). By Fernand Maurette. Paris : Librairie Armand Colin, 1938. Price, 150 francs.

Ethiopia: An Empire in the Making. By Ferdinando Quaranta. London : P. S. King and Son Ltd., 1939. Price 7s. 6d.

By Bus to the Sahara. By Gordon West. London : The Travel Book Club, 1939. Price 3s. 6d.

Dark Subjects : Twenty‐four Adventurous Years in Nigeria. By H. L. Ward Price. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1939. Price 15s.

AMERICA

Journey to the World's End. By Hakon Mielche. Edinburgh and London : William Hodge and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 12s. 6d.

AUSTRALIA

A Voyage to New Holland. By William Dampier. Edited, with Introduction, Notes and Illustrative Documents, by James A. Williamson, D.Litt. London : The Argonaut Press, 1939. Price 12s. 6d.

Australian Journey. By Paul McGuire. London : William Heinemann Ltd., 1939. Price 12s. 6d.

POLAR REGIONS

Polar Exploration (” Epics of the Twentieth Century “). By Andrew Croft. London : A. and C. Black Ltd., 1939. Price 7s. 6d.

Sir John Franklin's Last Arctic Expedition. By Richard J. Cyriax. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price 12s. 6d.

GENERAL

Admiralty Weather Manual, 1938. By Order of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. London: H.M.S.O., for the Hydrographic Department, Admiralty, 1938. Price 10s. 6d.

White Settlers in the Tropics. By A. Grenfell Price, with additional notes by R. G. Stone. New York: American Geographical Society, Special Publication No. 23, 1939. Price $4.00.

BIOGRAPHY

Livingstone et l'Exploration de l'Afrique. By René Maran. Paris : Gallimard. Eighth Edition, 1938. Price 25. francs.

I Was There. By Edith Tyrrell. Toronto : The Ryerson Press, 1938. Price $2.00.

EDUCATIONAL TEXT‐BOOKS

Memorandum on the Teaching of Geography. Issued by the Incorporated Association of Assistant Masters in Secondary Schools. London : George Philip and Son Ltd. Second Edition Revised 1939. Price 8s. 6d.

The World of Man. Book IV. Europe, The British Isles and the World. By C. C. Carter and E. C. Marchant. London : Christophers Ltd. Price 3s. 9d.

Geography for To‐day : North America and Asia (also issued separately) : Europe and the British Isles (also issued separately). By a Committee including L. Dudley Stamp and L. S. Suggate. London : Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1939. Price, 4s. each, or 3s., 2s. 6d., 2s. 9d. and 2s. 9d. respectively.     

Opposing peace: English political pamphlets against the Treaty of Madrid in 1630

ABSTRACT

In November 1630 the Treaty of Madrid was signed between Philip IV, king of Spain, and Charles I, king of England. During the peace negotiations several pamphlets critical of the pro-Spanish policy of Charles I were printed in England. These publications contributed to the development of an increasing criticism of Charles I, by identifying his neutral European policy with pro-Spanish policies. The anti-Spanish and anti-Catholic rhetoric, which formed the basis of this criticism, was used to promote an aggressive foreign policy and consequently an active opposition to the king. The following pamphlets are discussed in this paper: Considerations T ouching a W arre with Spaine; The M erchandises of Popish P riests; The English Spanish Pilgrim; Further O bservations of the English Spanish Pilgrim; The P ractise of P rinces; The P resent E state of Spayne; and Three S everall T reatises C oncerning the T ruce.     

Outline of a Late Cretaceous dinoflagellate zonation of northwestern Australia

The Late Cretaceous and Danian dinoflagellate succession of northwestern Australia can be divided into nine zones, five subzones and one assemblage. In ascending order these are the Diconodinium multispinum Zone, the Palaeohystrichophora infusorioides Zone, the Isabelidinium acuminatum Zone, the Conosphaeridium striatoconus Zone, the Isabelidinium balmei Subzone, the Gillinia hymenophora Subzone, the Areosphaeridium suggestium Zone, the Areoligera coronata Zone, the Samlandia carnarvonensis Zone, the Deflandrea diebelii Zone, the Cladopyxidium foveolatum Subzone, the Alterbidinium acutulum Subzone, the Exochosphaeridium bifidum Subzone, the Alisocysta circumtabulata Zone and the Tectatodinium rugulatum Assemblage. Five new species are described; Areosphaeridium suggestium sp. nov., Cladopyxidium foveolatum sp. nov., Samlandia carnarvonensis sp. nov., Samlandia mayi sp. nov., Samlandia vermicularia sp. nov., and two new combinations proposed; Tectatodinium rugulatum (Hansen) comb. nov. and Membranilarnacia angustivela (Deflandre & Cookson) comb. nov.     

Early Carboniferous Siphonodella (Conodonta) faunas from eastern Australia

Early to Middle Tournaisian conodont faunas with Siphonodella from ten sections in eastern Australia, between Gloucester in New South Wales and Rockhampton in Queensland, may be referred to the following ‘standard’ zones; 1 sulcata, 2 upper duplicata, 3 sandbergi, 4 lower crenulata and 5 isosticha-upper crenulata, in ascending order. In eastern Australia the first occurrences of Gnathodus cuneiformis, G. delicatus, G. typicus and Protognathodus cordiformis, near the base of the lower crenulata zone, are significantly earlier than in Europe and North America. Consequently the base of the isosticha-upper crenulata zone in eastern Australia is defined by the first appearance of G. punctatus rather than that of G. delicatus. On the present evidence it is difficult to reconcile some brachiopod and conodont occurrences in the Early-Middle Tournaisian of eastern Australia.

Seventeen discrete conodont species are discussed, four of which are described informally: Dinodus sp. nov. A, Dinodus sp. nov. B, Pinacognathus sp. nov. A, and a species of Siphonodella transitional between S. cooperi and S. crenulata.     

Educational

EUROPE

Flight into Portugal. By R. Bodley. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xi+224. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1941. Price 16s.

Heart of Spain. By G. G. King. Illustrated. 10×7. Pp. 179. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press, 1941. Price $3.00.

Snowdonia through the Lens. By W. A. Poucher. Illustrated. Fcap. fol. Pp. 124. London : Chapman &; Hall Ltd., 1941. Price 18s.

The Land of Britain. Edited by L. D. Stamp. London : Geographical Publications, 1941. Price 1s. 6d each.

At Slieve Gullion's Foot. By W. J. Murphy. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.115. 1940. Price 3s. 6d.

On Our Hill. By Annette Barlee. Illustrated. Small 4to. Pp. 100. Price 3s. 6d. Dundalgan Press, Dundalk.

English Woodland. By John Rodgers. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. xii+132. London : Batsford, 1942. Price 10s. 6d.

The Nazi New Order in Poland. By Jon Evans. Demy 8vo. Pp.184. London : Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1941. Price 6s.

Russia in Flux. By Sir John Maynard. Demy 8vo. Pp. 301. London : Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

AMERICA

Ports of Piscataqua. By W. S. Saltonstall. Illustrated. 11×7#fr1/2>. Pp. viii+244. Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press, 1941. Price 20s.

Cape Horn. By F. Riesenberg. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 487. London : Robert Hale Ltd., 1941. Price 18s.

ASIA

Dawn Watch in China. By Joy Homer. Demy 8vo. Pp. 288. London : Collins Ltd., 1941. Price 12s. 6d.

Soviet Asia : Progress and Problems. By E. S. Bates. Map. Demy 8vo. Pp.191. London : Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1942. Price 8s. 6d.

GENERAL

After C.T. Studd. By N. Grubb. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.185. London : R.T.S., 1941. Price 3s. 6d.

Economic Geography. By C. F. Jones. Illustrated. Crown fcap. Pp. xxii+626. New York : The Macmillan Company Ltd., 1941. Price $4.25.

Geography and World Power. By J. Fairgrieve. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 376. London : Univ. of London Press, 1941. Price 7s. 6d.

The Earth and its Resources. By Finch, Trewartha, and Shearer. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 634. New York and London: M'Graw‐Hill Book Co. Price 17s.

Wanderings with a Shotgun. By Sir Edward Durand. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 184. London : Jarrolds Ltd., 1942. Price 16s.

British Mountaineers. By F. S. Smythe. Illustrated. 9×6#fr1/2>. Pp.48. London : Collins Ltd. Price 4s. 6d.     

Geography and the civil engineer

EUROPE

The Settlements and Roads of Scotland: a Study in Human Geography. By Grace Meiklejohn, M. A. Edinburgh : Oliver and Boyd, 1927. Price 12s. 6d.

The Faroe Islands. By G. H. Harris, M.A., Vicar of Acock's Green. Birmingham : Cornish Brothers Ltd., 1927. Price 4s. 6d. net.

Things seen in Norway. By S. C. Hammer, M.A., University of Oslo. London : Seeley, Service and Co. Ltd., 1927. Price 3s. 6d.

Cities of Sicily. By Edward Hutton. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1926. Price 10s. 6d. net

Franciscan Italy. By Harold Elsdale Goad. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1926. Price 15s.

ASIA

A Year among the Persians. By Edward Granville Browne. With a Memoir by Sir E. Denison Ross. Cambridge : University Press, 1926. Price 25s. net.

China and the Nations. By Wong Ching‐Wai. Translated and edited by I‐Sen Teng and John Nind Smith. London : Martin Hopkinson and Co. Ltd., 1927. Price 7s. 6d.

Ceylon: The Land of Eternal Charm. By Ali Foad Toubla. London : Hutchinson and Co., 1926. Price 21s.

Natural Man: A Record from Borneo. By Charles Hose, Hon. Sc.D. (Cantab.). London : Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1926. Price 30s.

East of Siam. By Harry A. Franck. London : T. Fisher Unwin Ltd., 1926. Price 16s.

A Griffin in China: Fact and Legend in the Everyday Life of the Great Republic, By Genevieve Wimsatt. New York and London : Funk and Wagnalls Co., 1927. Price 12s. 6d.

AFRICA

The Cliff Dwellers of Kenya. By J. A. Massam, District Commissioner, Kenya. London : Seeley, Service and Co. Ltd., 1927. Price 21s. net.

Denatured Africa. By Daniel W. Streeter. New York and London : G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1926. Price 10s. 6d.

Out in the Blue. By Vivienne de Watteville, F.R.G.S. With a Preface by the Hon. William Ormsby‐Gore, M.P., P.O. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1927. Price 18s. net.

AMERICA

Brazil after a Century of Independence. By Herman G. James. London : Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1925. Price 17s. net.

The Land of Magellan. By W. S. Barclay, F.R.G.S. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1926. Price 12s. 6d. net.

AUSTRALASIA

Life and Laughter ‘midst the Cannibals. By Clifford W. Collinson, F.R.G.S. London : Hurst and Blackett Ltd., 1927. Price 18s.

GENERAL

The Pulse of Progress. By Ellsworth Huntington. New York and London : Charles Scribner's Sons, 1926. Price 21s. net.

EDUCATIONAL

Adventures of Exploration. Book V. Australia and New Zealand. By Sir John Scott Keltie, LL.D., and Samuel Carter Gilmour, F.R.G.S. London: George Philip and Son Ltd. Price 2s. 3d.     

New maps and charts

Note on The Lake‐Dwellings of Europe.

The Realm of Nature—An Outline of Physiography. By Hugh Robert Mill, D.Sc., Edin., F.R.S.E. London : John Murray, 1892. Price 5s.

Galloway in Ancient and Modern Times. By P. H. M'Kerlie. Edinburgh : William Blackwood and Sons, 1891. Price 7s. 6d.

The Trade Policy of Imperial Federation from an Economic Point of View. By Maurice H. Hervey, Principal of Illawarra College, New South Wales. London : Swan Sonnenschein and Co., 1892. Pp. x. + 182. Price 2s. 6d.

Two Happy Years in Ceylon. By C. F. Gordon Cumming. Illustrated, in 2 vols. Edinburgh and London : W. Blackwood and Sons, 1892. Price 30s.

Travels in the Mogul Empire, 1656–1668. By François Bernier. Edited by Archibald Constable, M.As. Soc. Beng., F.S.A. Scot. Vol. I. of Constable's Oriental Miscellany. Westminster : Archibald Constable and Co., 1891. Pp. li + 498. Price 6s. net.

The Real Japan : Studies of Contemporary Japanese Manners, Morals, Administration, and Politics. By Henry Norman. London : T. Fisher Unwin, 1892.

Japanese Girls and Women. By Alice Mabel Bacon. London : Gay and Bird, 1891. Pp. 333. Price 5s.

Coomassie and Magdala. The Story of Two British Campaigns in Africa. By Henry M. Stanley. New Edition. Pp. x + 402. Price 3s. 6d

The Great Lone Land: A Narrative of Travel and Adventure in the North‐West of America. By Colonel W. F. Butler, C.B., F.R.G.S. Fourteenth Edition. Pp. x + 386. Price 3s. 6d. London : Sampson Low, Marston, &; Company, Limited, 1891.

Untrodden Jamaica. By Herbert J. Thomas. Kingston : Aston W. Gardner and Co., 1890. Pp. 90.

The New Jamaica. By Edgar Mayhew Bacon and Eugene Murray Aaron, Ph.D. New York : Walbridge and Co. Kingston: Aston W. Gardner and Co., 1890. Pp. xi + 243.

The Statesman's Year‐Book, 1892. Edited by J. Scott Keltie, Assistant‐Secretary to the Royal Geographical Society. Pp. 1151. Price 10s. 6d.

The Northern Counties Red Book and Chronicle Almanac for 1892. Inverness: Northern Chronicle Office. Pp. 88. Price 3d.

Smith American Railways. Argentina and Uruguay. By J. K. Carter, F.G.S. London : Fred. C. Mathieson &; Sons, 1891. Pp. xii.+ 204. Price 2s. net.

Britannic Confederation : A Series of Papers by Sir John Colomb, Professor Edward A. Freeman, George G. Chisholm, Professor Shield Nicholson, Maurice H. Hervey, and the Bight Honourable Lord Thring. Edited, with an Introduction, by Arthur Silva White, Secretary and Editor, Eoyal Scottish Geographical Society. With a new map of the British Empire. London: George Philip and Son, 1892. Pp. 180. Price 3s. 6d.     

George G. Chisholm: His influence on university and school geography

EUROPE

I Saw Two Englands. 2nd edition. By H. V. Morton. Demy 8vo. London : Methucn and Co. Ltd. Price 9s. 6d.

The German Lebensraum. By Robert E. Dickinson. Pp. 223. Penguin Special.

Scottish Pilgrimage in the Land of Lost Content. By Radcliffe Barnett. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. x+207. Edinburgh: John Grant, 1943. Price 6s.

Wild Life of Britain. By F. Fraser Darling. Illustrated. 4to. Pp.48. London : Collins Ltd., 1943. Price 4s. 6d.

France. By P. Maiixaud. Illustrated. 4#fr1/2>×7#fr1/2>. Pp.138. London : Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

The Economic Reconstruction of Lithuania after 1918. By A. Simutis. Demy 8vo. Pp. 148. New York and London : Columbia University Press and Humphrey Milford, 1943.

Orientations. By Ronald Storrs. Definitive Edition. London : Nicholson and Watson, 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

ASIA

The Gobi Desert. By Mildred Cable with Francesca French. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.301. London: Hodder and Stoughton Ltd., 1943. Price 21s.

Polynesians : Explorers of the Pacific. By J. E. Weckley. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 77. Washington : Smithsonian Institution, 1943.

Girlhood in the Pacific. By Mrs. Shane Leslie. London : Macdonald and Co. Price 10s. 6d.

Dawn in Siberia. By G. D. R. Phillips. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 196. London : Frederick Muller, 1943. Price 8s. 6d.

My India, My West. By Dr. Krishnalal Shridharani.

Growing Up in New Guinea. By Margaret Mead. Pelican Books, 1942.

India. By T. A. Raman. Illustrated. 4#fr1/2>×#fr1/2>. Pp.140. London: Humphrey Milford at the Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

Report from Tokyo. By J. C. Grew. Demy 8vo. Pp.103. New York : Simon and Schuster, 1943. Price 2s. 6d.

AFRICA

Diary of a District Officer. By K. Bradley. Demy 8vo. Pp. 192. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd. Price 5s.

Libyan Log. By E. G. Ogilvie. Illustrated. 4#fr1/2>×7#fr1/2>. Pp.103. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd Ltd., 1943. Price 51.

North Africa. By A. H. Brodrick. Illustrated. 4#fr1/2>×7#fr1/2>. Pp.97. London: Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

Across Madagascar. By Olive Murray Chapman. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. 144. London : Burrows, 1943. Price 9s. 6d.

Dead Men Do Tell Tales. By Byron de Prorok. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp.221. London : George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1943. Price 10s. 6d.

AMERICA

Canada. By B. K. Sandweix. Illustrated. Pp.124. 7#fr1/2>×4#fr1/2> London: Oxford University Press, 1943. Price 3s. 6d.

Exploring the Little Rivers of New Jersey. By James and Margaret Cawley. Princeton : Princeton University Press.

South America, with Mexico and Central America. By J. B. Trend. Illustrated. 7#fr1/2>×4#fr1/2>. Pp. 128. London : Oxford University Press, 1942. Price 3s. 6d.

Green Fire. By P. W. Rainier. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+216. London: John Murray, 1943. Price 12s. 6d.

GENERAL

Climatic Accidents in Landscape‐making. By C. A. Cotton. Illustrated. Pp. xx+354. Wellington and London: Whitecombe and Tombs, 1942. Price 301.

Half a Life. By Major C. S. Jarvis. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. viii+216. London: John Murray, 1943. Price 15s.

Scottish Gaelic Studies. Vol. V, Part II. Demy 8vo. Pp. 198. London : Basil Blackwell, 1942. Price 9s.

Auld Reekie. By A. A. MacGregor. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. ix+204. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1943. Price 12s. 6d.

A Journey to Gibraltar. By R. Henrey. Illustrated. Demy 8vo. Pp. vi + 169. London : J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1943. Price 12s. 6d.

EDUCATIONAL

Teach Tourself Geography. By J. C. Kingsland and W. B. Cornish. Pp. 287. London : English Universities Press Ltd., 1943. Price 3s.     

The plebe in the Florentine Histories: Machiavelli’s notion of humours revisited

According to recent scholarship, the Florentine Histories expresses Machiavelli’s growing scepticism toward the popolo. This more elitist ‘late Machiavelli’, however, is an illusion. I show that the illusion arose from (1) the scholarly oversight of Machiavelli’s criticism of the popolo in his early work, Discourses, and (2) the failure to notice his new terminological distinction between the popolo and the plebe in the Florentine Histories. Machiavelli never was a whole-hearted defender of the popolo in the first place, for his consistent commitment was to preserve the balance between the popolo and the grandi. Nor was he unusually critical of the popolo in his later work, Florentine Histories: he directs his harshest criticism to the lower-class plebe and not to the middle-class popolo.     

Late Silurian pentameride brachiopods from Yass and Molong,New South Wales

The five known species of pentameride brachiopods from the Yass Syncline Ludlow (LateSilurian) succession, belonging to the superfamilies Pentameroidea, Gypiduloidea and Clorindoidea, are fully revised; no new species are recognised. The pentameroids Conchidium sp. cf. hospes and Aliconchidium yassi are confined to the Bowspring Limestone Member (Silverdale Formation). The gypiduloid Ascanigypa glabra and externally homeomorphic clorindoids Barrandina wilkinsoni and Clorinda minor replace them in the overlying Barrandella Shale Member, the last two extending into the Yarwood Siltstone Member (Black Bog Shale). Clorinda minor is also possibly present in the Rainbow Hill Member (Rosebank Shale). All except C. minor are uncommon to rare components of the Yass brachiopod fauna. Clorinda molongensis, a species of uncertain mid- to late Silurian age from the Molong Limestone, is also revised. Aliconchidium and Barrandina are known only from Yass, whereas Clorinda is cosmopolitan. Conchidium alsois widespread, but C. hospes is a species from the Prague Basin probably also known from the Urals and the Tien Shan. Ascanigypa is another Prague Basin taxon, recently recognised in Arctic Canada.     

The romance of Czechoslovakia

EUROPE.

La Lorraine Métallurgique: Axel, Somme, Nancy, etc. Paris: Editions Berger‐Livrault, 1930.

Abbeys of Old Romance. By Charles G. Harper. London: Cecil Palmer, 1930. Price 15s.

Russia at Random. By Oliver Tweedy. London: Jarrolds, 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

European Encounters. By Hubert Griffith. London: John Lane (The Bodley Head Ltd.), 1931. Price 8s. 6d.

1. Between the River and the Hills. By Sisley Huddleston. London: George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

2. Travels in Normandy. By Roy Elston. London: G. Bell and Sons Ltd., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

3. Folktales of Normandy. By W. Branch Johnson. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1929. Price 7s. 6d.

Russia Unveiled. By Panait Istrati. Translated from the French by R. J. S. Curtis. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1931. Price 10s.

French Leaves. By E. V. Lucas. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 5s.

Beautiful Mountains: In the Jugoslav Alps. By F. S. Copeland. Split: The Jugoslav Bureau, n.d. Price 5s.

Italy Yesterday and To‐Bay. By A. Marinoni. New York: The Macmillan Company Ltd., 1931. Price 21s.

The Economic Life of Soviet Russia. By Calvin B. Hoover, Ph.D. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

ASIA.

A Journey to China, or Things which are Seen. By Arnold Toynbee. London: Constable and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 15s.

The Japanese Population Problem: The Coming Crisis. By W. R. Crocker. London: George Allen and Unwin, Ltd. 1931. Price 10s. 6d. net.

Conflict: Angora to Afghanistan. By Rosita Forbes. London: Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 15s.

AFRICA.

Across Africa on Foot. By Ronald A. Monson. Photographs by J. Hunter Wilson. London: Elkin Mathews and Marrot, 1931. Price 18s. net.

The Lonely Island. By Rose Annie Rogers. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

The Red Men of Nigeria. By Captain J. R. Wilson‐Haffenden, T.R.G.S., F.R.A.I. London: Seeley, Service and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 21s. net.

AMERICA.

New Brunswick, Canada: Its Natural Resources and Development. By L. O. Thomas, B.Sc. Ottawa: Natural Resources Intelligence Service, 1930.

British Policy and Canada, 1774–1791. By Gerald S. Graham. London: Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 10s. 6d. net.

POLAR.

Little America. By R. E. Byed. London: G. P. Putnam's Sons Ltd., 1931. Price 21s.

GENERAL.

The Mysterious Universe. By Sir James Jeans. Cambridge: At the University Press, 1930. Price 3s. 6d. net.

Jungle Islands: The "Illyria” in the South Seas. By Sidney N. Shurcliff. London: G. P. Putnam's Sons Ltd., 1930. Price 42s.

Trodden Ways: 1895–1980. By Sir Ian Malcolm. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 12s. 6d.

The Island of Penguins. By Cherry Kearton. London: Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 10s. 6d.

Turkey: Yesterday, To‐day, and To‐morrow. By Sir Telford Waugh. London: Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1930. Price 18s.

Dark Trails: Adventures of a Naturalist. By George K. Cherbie. With a Foreword by Kermit Roosevelt. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons Ltd., Price 15s.

Changing Conditions of Imperial Defence: Essays on Military Geography. By Capt. D. H. Cole, M.B.E. London: Sifton, Praed and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 6s.

Downhill Ski‐Racing. By Harold Mitchell. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1931. Price 5s.

Vancouver—A Life: 1757–1798. By George Godwin. London: Philip Allan and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 15s.

Kultur im Spiegel der Landschaft. Das Bild der Erde in seiner Oestaltung durch den Menschen. Ein Bilderatlas. Von Nikolaus Creutzburg. Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut A.G., 1930. Preis RM. 45.

Peru from the Air. By Lieutenant George R. Johnson. With Text and Notes by Raye R. Platt. New York: American Geographical Society, 1930. Price $5.

The Autobiography of a Wanderer. By Major A. Radclyffe Dugmore, F.R.G.S. London: Hurst and Blackett Ltd., n.d. Price 18s. net.

Through the Caucasus to the Volga. By Fridtjof Nansen. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.. 1931. Price 12s. 6d. net.

Chorus to Adventurers. By Roger Pocock. London: John Lane (The Bodley Head Ltd.), 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

Impacts: The Trip to the States, and other Adventures of Travel. By Douglas Goldring. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode. Price 7s. 6d.

EDUCATIONAL.

Geographische Kausalprofile: Eine Beispielsammlung aus der Praxis fur die Praxis. Von Dr. Kurt Keause. Breslau: Ferdinand Hirt, 1930. Preis RM. 2.50.

The Peoples of the World. Vol. II. People and Homes in Many Lands. By F. G. Moss, B.A. Illustrated. London: George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 2s. 6d.

An Introduction to Regional Surveying. By C. C. Fagg and G. E. Hutchings. Cambridge: At the University Press, 1930. Price 7s. 6d.

Introductory Studies in Geography. By E. Irene Daughtry, B.A. London: William Heinemann Ltd., 1930. Price 2s. 3d.

The Seal Princess, by C. A. Dawson Scott, and With the Australian Aborigines, by E. L. Grant Wilson. “New Prospect” Readers. London: George Philip and Son Ltd., 1930. Price 8d. each.

The World‐Wide Geographies. Book IV. The World We Live In. By J. H. Stembridge. London: Oxford University Press, Humphrey Milford, 1930. Price 1s. 9d.

Individual Geographies: North America. By R. Finch. London: A. and C. Black Ltd., 1930. Price 1s. 6d.

Progressive Studies in Geography. Book II. The Atlantic Hemisphere. Book III. Euro‐Asia. By H. Sankey and E. A. Meerett. London: George Philip and Son Ltd., 1930. Price, Book II., 10d.; Book III., 9d.

A Text‐Book of Geography. By G. C. Fey, M.Sc. 7th Edition. London : University Tutorial Press, 1930. Price 6s. 6d.

Earth and Sky. By C. H. Dobinson, M.A., B.Sc., F.G.S. London: A. and C. Black Ltd., 1930. Price 3s. 6d.     

Geography at the exhibition of Scottish educational work for Paris exposition, 1900

EUROPE.

Scotland: The Ancient Kingdom. By Donald A. Mackenzie. London: Blackie and Son Ltd., 1930. Price 15s.

The Arrow of Glenlyon: The Life of Alasdair Macgregor of Glenstrae. By A. A. W. Ramsay, M.A., Phil.D. London: John Murray, 1930. Price 6s.

Hill Birds of Scotland. By Seton Gordon, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. London: Edward Arnold and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 7s. 6d.

Let's See the Lowlands. By A. A. Thomson. London: Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1930. Price 7s. 6d.

Holidays in Sweden. By J. B. Philip, M.A. London: Skeffington and Son Ltd. Price 6s.

Green Fields of England: a Booh of Footpath Travels. By Clare Cameron. With nine drawings in pencil by Edmond L. Warre. London: Constable and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 12s. 6d.

Tyrol under the Axe of Italian Fascism. By Dr. Eduard Reut‐Nicolussi. Translated by K. L. Montgomery. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1930. Price 12s. 6d.

Paris. By Moma Clarke. London: The Medici Society, n.d. Price 7s. 6d.

The Country round Paris. By Edmond Pilon. London: The Medici Society, n.d. Price 7s. 6d.

A Guide to French Fêtes. By E. I. Robson. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 7s. 6d.

Down the Tiber and Up to Rome. By H. D. Eberlein, G. J. Marks, and F. A. Wallis. London: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1930. Price 15s.

Across Iceland: The Land of Frost and Fire. By Olive Murray Chapman. London: John Lane (The Bodley Head Ltd.), 1930. Price 15s.

The Balkan Road. By Archibald Lyall. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 12s. 6d.

Corsica the Beautiful. By Major A. Radclyffe Dugmore, F.R.G.S. London: Hurst and Blackett, n.d. Price 18s.

ASIA.

Moscow Unmasked. By Joseph Douillet. London: The Pilot Press, 1930. Price 8s. 6d.

Red Star in Samarkand. By Anna Louise Strong. London: Williams and Norgate Ltd., 1930. Price 15s.

Plant Collecting on the Edge of the World. By F. Kingdon Ward. London: Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1930. Price 21s.

Four Months’ Camping in the Himalayas. By Dr. W. G. N. Van Der Sleen. Translated by M. W. Hoper. London: Philip Allan and Co. Ltd., 1929. Price 21s.

Arabian Peak and Desert: Travels in Al‐Yaman. By Ameen Rihani. London: Constable and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 21s.

Arabia. By H. St. J. B. Philby. London: Ernest Benn Ltd., 1930. Price 18s.

The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate: Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia, from the Moslem Conquest to the Time of Timur. By G. Le Strange. Cambridge: University Press, 1930. Price 21s.

Crusader's Coast. By Edward Thompson. London: Ernest Benn Ltd., 1929. Price 10s. 6d. net.

Turkey and Syria Reborn. By Harold Armstrong. London: John Lane (The Bodley Head Ltd.), 1930. Price 15s. net.

The Assyrians and their Neighbours. By the Rev. W. A. Wigram. London: G. Bell and Sons Ltd., 1929. Price 15s. net.

AFRICA.

Mysterious Sahara. By Count Byron Khun de Prorok, F.R.G.S. London: John Murray, 1930. Price 21s. net.

Sudan Sand: Filming the Baggara Tribes. By Stella Court Treatt, F.R.G.S. London: George Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 15s. net.

AMERICA.

In the Shadow of the Rockies. By C. M. MacInnes, M.A. London: Rivington and Co., 1930. Price 18s.

Amazon and Andes. By Kenneth G. Grubb. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 18s.

South America. By Clarence F. Jones. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1930. Price $6.

Jorullo: The History of the Volcano of Jorullo and the Reclamation of the Devastated District by Plants and Animals. By Hans Gadow, F.R.S. London: Cambridge University Press, 1930. Price 7s. 6d.

AUSTRALASIA.

Isles of Adventure. By Beatrice Grimshaw. London: Herbert Jenkins Ltd., 1930. Price 15s. net.

OCEANIA.

The Pacific Basin. By Gordon L. Wood. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1930. Price 10s.

GENERAL.

The Ancient Explorers. By M. Caey, D.Litt., and E. H. Warmington, M.A. London: Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 12s. 6d.

The Long Trek. By Richard L. Sutton. London: Henry Kimpton, 1930. Price 21s.

Wind and Water. By Manfred Curry. London: Country Life Ltd., 1930. Price 25s.

A Vagabond Journey round the World. By Harry A. Franck. New York: The Century Company. Price $4.

Tinker, Tailor_____: Being an Account of a Journey round the World for a Wager. By “Greenhorn.” London: John Lane (The Bodley Head Ltd.), 1930. Price 8s. 6d.

The Voyages of the Cabots and the English Discoveries of North America under Henry VII. and Henry VIII. By James A. Williamson, D.Litt. Illustrated with thirteen Maps. London: The Argonaut Press, 1929. Price 38s.

EDUCATIONAL.

The Geographical Interpretation of Topographical Maps, including an Atlas separately bound. By Alice Garnett, B.A. London: George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1930. Price 7s. 6d. ‐Atlas 5s.     

The Late Cambrian trilobite Hamashania from Korea

The Late Cambrian trilobite genus Hamashania Kobayashi, 1942a has hitherto been poorly understood and is herein revised based on well-preserved specimens from Korea. Platysaukia Kobayashi, 1960 and Goumenzia Guo & Duan, 1978 are treated as junior synonyms of Hamashania. Hamashania comprises only two species, H. pulchera Kobayashi, 1942a and Pterocephalus busiris Walcott, 1905, and is restricted to North Chinaand Korea. The new genus Pacootasaukia is proposed to accommodate the Australian species Platysaukia jokliki Shergold, 1991 as type species, and Platysaukia tomichi Shergold, 1991, which are so distinct that they cannot be included within Hamashania. The generic concept of Mareda Kobayashi, 1942b, which was often confused with Hamashania, is confined to the type material.     

Future exploration of the African quadrant of antarctica

EUROPE

Racial Realities in Europe. By Lothrop Stoddard, London: Charles Scribner's Sons,1924. Price 12s. 6d.

Europe. Vol. I. The Peninsula. Edited by B. C. Wallis, B.Sc. (Lond.). Compendium of Geography and Travel (New Issue). With Maps and Illustrations. London: Edward Stanford, Ltd., 1924. Price 15s. net.

The Roman Occupation of Great Britain. Being Six Ford Lectures delivered by F. Haverfield. Now revised by George Macdonald. With numerous Plans and Illustrations. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924, Price 18s. net.

A Pilgrim in Spain. By Aubrey F. G. Bell. London: Methuen and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price 12s. 6d. net.

Die Pflanzenwelt der Hohen Tatra. By Dr. J. Györffy, Kesmai'k: “Turistik und Alpinism us, 1922.”

Unlcnown Warwickshire. By Mary Dormer Harris. Illustrated by J. E. Duggins. London: John Lane, Ltd., 1924. Trice 15s.

Kirlccaldy Burgh and Schyre: Landmarks of Local History. By Rev. John Campbell, D.D.; Rev. Andrew T. Richardson, F.S.A.; Gregor Macgregor, M.A., B.Sc.; George B. Deas, F.S.A.; and Lachlan Macbean. Kirkcaldy: The Fifeshire Advertiser, Ltd., 1924.

The Mineralogy of Scotland. By the late M. Forster Heddle, M.D., F.R.S.E. Edited by J. G. Goodchild. Reprinted under authority of Alex. Thoms, by the Council of University College, Dundee. Assisted by D. E. I. Innes, M.A., M.C. Two volumes. St. Andrews: W. C. Henderson, 1924. Price 15s.

Clydesdale. By A. MacCallum Scott. London: Thornton Butterworth, Ltd., 1924. Price 7s. 6d, net.

Gone Abroad: A Story of Travel, chiefly in Italy and the Balearic Isles. By Douglas Goldring. London: Chapman and Hall, Ltd., 1925. Price 12s. 6d.

ASIA

Die Feldfrüchte Indiens in ihrer Geographischen Verbreitung. Von Dr. Th. H. Engelbrecht. Erster Teil: Text. Hamburg: L. Friederichsen und Cie., 1914.

Tibet: Past and Present. By Sir Charles Bell, K.C.I.E., C.M.G., Late British Political Representative in Tibet, Bhutan, and Sikkim. Author of Grammar of Colloquial Tibetan, and English‐Tibetan Colloquial Dictionary. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1924. Price 21s. net.

AFRICA

The Vast Sudan. By A. Radclyffe Dugmore. London: Arrowsmith, Ltd., 1924. Price 21s.

Mysteries of the Libyan Desert. By W. J. Harding King, F.R.G.S. London: Seeley, Service and Co., Ltd., 1925. Price 21s. net.

Egypt under the Egyptians. By Murray Harris. London: Chapman and Hall, Ltd., 19–25. Price 12s. 6d.

AMERICA

Mexico in Revolution. By Charlotte Cameron, O.B.E. London: Seele Service and Co., Ltd., 1924. Price 21s.

ARCTIC

My Eskimo Friends: "Nanook of the North.’’ By Robert J. Flaherty, F.R.G.S., in collaboration with Frances Hubbard Flaherty. Illustrated with Photogravures and Colour Plates from Photographs by the Author, Half‐tone Drawings by Eskimo artists, and Maps. London: William Heine‐mann, Ltd., 1924, Price 21s.

GENERAL

The Menace of Colour. By Prof. J. W. Gregory, F.R.S., D.Sc. London: Seeley, Service and Co., Ltd., 1925. Price 12s. 6d. net.

Adventures in Turkey and Russia. By E. H. Keeling, M.O. London: John Murray, 1924. Price 10s. 6d. net.

Ben Kendim: A Record of Eastern Travel. By Lieut.‐Col. Hon. Aubrey Herbert, edited by D. McCarthy. London: Hutchinson and Co., 1924. Price 21s. net.

Selected Papers on Anthropology, Travel and Exploration. By Sir Richard Burton, edited by N. M. Penzer. London: Philpot, Ltd., 1924. Price 15s.

EDUCATIONAL

Certificate Geographies: The Mediterranean. By O. J. R. Howarth, O.B.E., M.A. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924. Price 2s. 6d.

Bell's Natural Science Series: Readable Physical Geography. By J. A. O. Muirhead, B.A. London: G. Bell and Sons, Ltd., 1925. Price 2s. 4d.

The “Explorer” Geographies: Asia. By J. Thomas; M.A. London: G. Bell and Sons, Ltd., 1924. Price 2s. 6d.     

Proceedings of the royal Scottish geographical society

EUROPE.

Scotland Picturesque and Traditional. By Geo. Eyre‐Todd. Stirling : Eneas Mackay, 1931. Price 5s.

In the Highlands. By Seton Gordon. London : Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

A Last Voyage to St. Kilda. By Alasdair Alpin Macgregor. London: Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

Rambles in Dorset. By J. H. Wade. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

Everyday Life in Old Scotland. By J. F. Geant. Part I.: To 1603. Part II.: 1603–1707. London : George Allen and Unwin Ltd., 1931. Price 2s. 6d. each Part.

So You ‘re Going to Spain. By Clara E. Laughlin. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., n.d. Price 10s. 6d.

Greek Cities in Italy and Sicily. By David Randall‐MacIver. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

Modern Germanies. By Cicely Hamilton. London and Toronto : J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

The Austrian Tyrol. By Ian F. D. Morrow. London : Faber and Faber Ltd., 1931. Price 15s.

Austria. By J. D. Newth. London : A. and C. Black Ltd., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

An Agricultural Atlas of Scotland. By H. J. Wood. London : George Gill and Sons Ltd., 1931. Price 3s. 6d.

Les Paysages Catalans. Par Marcel Chevalier. Paris : Albert Blanchard, 1929. Prix 30 francs.

Kalabrien. Von Helmuth Kanter. Hamburg : Friederichsen, de Gruyter und Co., 1930.

Peninsular Europe. By L. W. Lyde, M.A. London : Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 10s. 6d. net.

The Baltic States : Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. By Hebe Spaull. London : A. and C. Black Ltd., 1931. Price 2s. 6d. net.

Skara Brae : A Pictish Village in Orkney. By V. Gordon Childe, B.Litt., Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology in Edinburgh University, author of The Most Ancient East, The Aryans, The Dawn of European Civilisation, etc. With chapters by Professor T. H. Bryce, F.R.S., and Professor D. M. S. Watson, F.R.S. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 31s. 6d.

A foot in Portugal. By John Gibbons. London : George Newnes Ltd., n.d. Price 7s. 6d.

Wanderings in Greece. By F. S. Burnell. London : Edward Arnold and Co., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

Wanderings. By Arthur Symons. London : J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1931. Price 8s. 6d.

ASIA.

Life in the Chinese Church. By T. Ralph Morton. London : The Student Christian Movement Press. Price 1s. 6d. net.

Romantic Ceylon : Its History, Legend, and Story. By R. H. Bassett. London : Cecil Palmer, 1929. Price 7s. 6d.

The People of the Leaves. By Vivian Meik. London: Philip Allan and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

AFRICA.

A Wayfarer in North Africa : Tunisia and Algiers. By Fletcher Allen. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 7s. 6d.

Early Days in East Africa. By the late Sir Frederick Jackson. London : Edward Arnold and Co., 1930. Price 21s.

A Vagabond in Barbary. By Harry L. Foster. Illustrated. London : John Lane (The Bodley Head Ltd.), 1930. Price 12s. 6d. net.

Through Unknown Africa, By William Jaspert. Translated by Agnes Platt. London : Jarrolds Ltd. Price 12s. 6d. net.

Jungle Ways. By William B. Seabrook. London : Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 10s. 6d. net.

AMERICA.

Land of Wonder and Fear. By F. A. Mitchell‐Hedges. London : Duckworth and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 18s.

A Yankee in Patagonia. Edward Chace: His Thirty Years There, 1898–1928. By Robert and Katharine Barrett. Cambridge: W. Heffer and Sons Ltd., 1931. Price 12s. 6d.

POLAR.

South Georgia. By L. H. Matthews. Bristol: J. Wright and Sons. London: Simpkin Marshall Ltd., 1931. Price 15s. net.

GENERAL.

A Short History of British Expansion. By James A. Williamson. London: Macmillan and Co. Ltd. Second Edition, 1930. Two vols. Price 15s. each.

Plant Life through the Ages : A Geological and Botanical Retrospect. By A. C. : Seward. Cambridge : University Press, 1931. Price 30s.

Memoirs of a Ceylon Planter's Travels. By Mountsteven Bremer. London : Rivington and Co., 1930. Price 10s. 6d.

The World Mapped : Being a Short History of Attempts to Map the World from Antiquity to the Twentieth Century. By I. J. Curnow, B.A., Ph.D. (Lond.). London : Sifton Praed and Co., 1930. Price 5s.

Geographische Grundlagen der Geschichte. Von Hugo Hassinger. Freiburg im Breisgau : Herder und Co., 1931. Preis M. 10.50.

Climatology. By A. Austin Miller. London : Methuen and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 12s. 6d. net.

Climate. By W. G. Kendkew. Oxford : The Clarendon Press, 1930. Price 15s.

Raw Materials of Commerce. By J. Henry Vanstone. Two vols. London : Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons Ltd., 1929. Price 40s. net.

Blood and Oil in the Orient. By Essad Bey. Translated from the German by Elsa Talmey. London : Nash and Grayson Ltd., 1930. Price 18s. net.

EDUCATIONAL.

South America. By Edward V. Lane. (Harrap's New Geographical Series.) London : George Harrap and Co. Ltd., 1931. Price 3s.

Social and Economic Geography. By L. Brettle, M.A., B.Litt., F.R.G.S. London : Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons Ltd., 1931. Price 10s. 6d. net.

Land Forms and Life. By C. C. Carter. London : Christophers, 1931. Price 6s.     

Avian Remains from Khonkho Wankane,an Urban and Ceremonial Center in the Southern Lake Titicaca Altiplano

The urban and ceremonial center Khonkho Wankane flourished in the southern Lake Titicaca Altiplano region during the Late Formative prior to the rise of Tiwanaku as a dominant urban center. This site yielded an avifaunal number of identified specimens (NISP) = 631, with a minimum of 26 taxa represented among 539 skeletal elements or fragments. A total of 92 egg shell fragments also were recovered. The avifauna inhabited two major ecological zones: Lake Titicaca, its margins/wetlands and other water margins; and the dry Altiplano grassland (or puna). Lake/wetland taxa include Phoenicopterus chilensis (Chilean flamingo), Nycticorax nycticorax (night heron) and multiple taxa in the Order Anseriformes (ducks, geese, etc.) including Chloephaga melanoptera (Andean goose), Anas georgica (yellow‐billed pintail), A. flavirostris (speckled teal) and Oxyura jamaicensis (Andean ruddyduck). Also present are Fulica ardesiaca (Andean coot), Gallinago andina (puna snipe), Himantopus mexicanus (black‐necked stilt) and Charadrius alticola (puna plover). Puna taxa include Nothoprocta cf. ornata (ornate tinamou), Nothura cf. darwinii (Darwin's nothura), Metropelia sp. (ground doves), Athene cunicularia (burrowing owl), and multiple Passeriformes (songbirds, etc.). Taxa with a cosmopolitan distribution include Falco cf. femoralis (aplomado falcon) and Tyto alba (barn owl). Taphonomic analysis indicates that the avifauna were used in ceremonial contexts, including multiple Falco cf. femoralis burials, and for dietary and possibly tool‐making purposes. Other sources of introduction into the site deposits likely include natural mortality of taxa directly inhabiting the site area. These findings are compared to the avifauna recovered from the Formative site of Chiripa along the Lake Titicaca margin, which included a much higher proportion of lake bird fauna. At Khonkho Wankane, the importance of wetland avifauna may have been enhanced by the alteration of the local environment to include qochas, or artificial reservoirs/ponds, and continued despite reliance upon multiple domesticated plant and mammal species. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ordovician stromatoporoids from Tasmania

The Hunter Siltstone near Grenfell, New South Wales, contains a rich Upper Devonian fish fauna including the sinolepid Grenfellaspis and the new antiarchs Bothriolepis grenfellensis sp. nov. and Remigolepis redcliffensis sp. nov. Bothriolepis grenfellensis sp. nov. is the first bothriolepid species described from N.S.W., and R. redcliffensis sp. nov. is the first species of Remigolepis described from Australia. Traditionally, the Hunter Siltstone was considered to be uppermost Famennian or earliest Carboniferous in age based on the presence of Grenfellaspis, and the related taxon Sinolepis, which is known from the Wutung and Sanmentan formations of southeastern China. However, available data indicates the Hunter Siltstone may be early Famennian in age. Ongoing work suggests that all Famennian Bothriolepis from N.S.W., including B. grenfellensis, possess a trifid preorbital recess, but differ in other aspects of headshield morphology. In North China, the Famennian Zhongning Formation contains six species of Remigolepis and a species of Sinolepis. However, R. redcliffensis does not show any similarity to these species beyond those of Remigolepis as a whole.     

Conodont fauna and biostratigraphy of the Honghuayuan Formation (Early Ordovician) of Guizhou,South China

Serratognathus diversus An, Cornuodus longibasis (Lindström), Drepanodus arcuatus Pander, and eleven other less common conodonts, including Cornuodus? sp., Oistodus lanceolatus, Protopanderodus gradatus, Protoprioniodus simplicissimus, Juanognathus variabilis, Nasusgnathus dolonus, Paltodus? sp., Scolopodus houlianzhaiensis, Semiacontiodus apterus, Semiacontiodus sp. cf. S. cornuformis and Serratognathoides? sp., are described and illustrated from the Honghuayuan Formation in Guizhou, South China, concluding revision of the conodont fauna from this unit, which comprises 24 species in total. The most distinctive species in the fauna, S. diversus, consists of a trimembrate apparatus, including symmetrical Sa, asymmetrical Sb and strongly asymmetrical Sc elements. This species concept is supported by the absence of any other element types in a large collection represented by nearly 500 specimens of this species. The fauna indicates a late Tremadocian to mid-Floian age (Early Ordovician) for the Honghuayuan Formation, which was widely distributed on the Yangtze Platform in shallow water environments. Previously published biostratigraphic zonations for the Honghuayuan Formation are reviewed, and revised on the basis of our knowledge of the entire conodont fauna, supporting the establishment of three biozones, Triangulodus bifidus, Serratognathus diversus, and Prioniodus honghuayanensis biozones in ascending order. Species of Serratognathus enable correlation between Ordovician successions of South China, North China (North China Platform and Ordos Basin), Tarim Basin, and further afield into Malaysia and northwestern Australia.