殖民文化视角下的“协和语”认识

出现在近代中日关系中的协和语,是一种伴随着殖民入侵而出现的语言现象,在一个世纪以上的历史跨度中,一方面极具生命力,是日本人与中国人民间语言交流的一种文化现实;另一方面,又是语言规律之外的一个怪胎,呈现出日本语与中国语混淆使用的基本面目,从未有过登堂入室的体面经历.本文从协和语概念的界定、协和语发展的三个不同阶段,以及作为殖民语言的本质特征等几个方面,讨论了关于协和语的初步认识.     

American Colonialism in the Philippines: Different but still Colonialism

Book reviewed:
Julian Go and Anne L. Foster, eds. The American Colonial State in the Philippines, Global Perspectives . Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 2003. 312 pp. Index. $79.95 (cloth), $22.95 (paper).     

从"满蒙领有论"到"大东亚共荣圈"--对日本殖民扩张主义的再认识

本对从“满蒙领有论”到建立满洲国的原因、背景、过程,以及“大东亚共荣圈”构想的形成、其内容和范围的演变,作了历史的分析,并以此为基础,指出了二的内在联系。本作认为：1、从占有“满蒙”变成建立“满洲国”。是日本军国主义为了实现整个扩张计划而作的策略调整;2、“大东亚共荣圈”的内容和范围．并非一成不变。其演变同二战前国际局势的变化密切相关;3、和赤裸裸的扩张计划相比,“大东亚共荣圈”不仅具有隐蔽性和欺骗性的特征。而且是日本各种侵略扩张的综合体现。     

Provincializing Albert Schweitzer's Ethical Colonialism in Africa

Unlike many commentators who tend to see Schweitzer's mission one-sidedly, I show the coexistence of liberal and conservative elements in his mission. While his mission intent was mostly motivated by the former, his mission practices largely show the latter. In this essay, I analyze them in detail in three parts. I first explain how such opposite elements can coexist by applying Dipesh Chakrabarty's notion of provincializing Europe. Like most nineteenth-century Western liberals, Schweitzer advocated Enlightenment rights for Europeans, but denied them to the colonized. I then argue that Schweitzer's mission was motivated by the liberal elements of his theology. When his critical theology led him to deny the divinity of Jesus, he found a new basis for Christianity in Jesus’ ethical activism, which led him to become a medical missionary to Africa. I then examine Schweitzer's conservative practices in Africa: by applying the developmental model of Hegelian-Marxist historicism to African society, Schweitzer opposed both decolonization and advanced learning to Africans. Schweitzer's missionary practices in Africa, I therefore conclude, were more conservative than those of the typical European missionary.     

Wounded Knee through the Lens of Colonialism

Book reviewed:
Jeffrey Ostler. The Plains Sioux and U.S. Colonialism from Lewis and Clark to Wounded Knee . Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004. xviii + 387 pp. Illustrations, maps, footnotes, index. $60.45 (cloth), $21.99 (paper).