李仲公与《北伐宣言》

李仲公（1890-1978）,贵阳人,早年毕业于京师国立法政专门学堂,1914年与李大钊一道留学日本早稻田大学,回国后任众议院首席秘书,参与《晨钟报》的创办,担任《国风日报》、《晨钟报》编辑和撰述,参加反袁、护法、护国运动。北伐战争初期,担任国民党中央执行委员会书记长、国民革命军总司令部秘书处长,承担蒋介石的文案工作。蒋介石在北伐初期的重要政论、文告等文字,绝大多数出自李仲公手笔,起草国民革命军出师《北伐宣言》重要文告,李仲公乃被世人誉为北伐“文胆”。     

《开罗宣言》与朝鲜独立

1910年,朝鲜沦为日本的殖民地。朝鲜人民反对日本的殖民统治。大韩民国临时政府是朝鲜独立运动的代表。中国国民政府资助朝鲜独立运动,第二次世界大战给朝鲜独立带来新的机遇。1943年11月,罗斯福总统、蒋介石委员长、丘吉尔首相在开罗举行会议,发表声明。三大盟国稔知朝鲜人民所受之奴隶待遇,决定在相当时期,使朝鲜自由和独立。《开罗宣言》是反法西斯同盟发表的最重要的国际文件之一。1945年日本投降后,朝鲜半岛南北分治。美军在仁川登陆,建立军政府。1951年9月8日,《旧金山对日和约》签署,日本承认朝鲜独立。     

Immigration and the making of place in Paris

Since the late nineteenth century, France has been a destination for people outside its borders. In recent decades, most immigrants have come from outside of Europe, often from ex-colonies in Northern Africa, West Africa, and Indochina. The Parisian area has welcomed a disproportionate share of these immigrants and neighborhoods have been shaped and reshaped to reflect their presence. This paper examines three neighborhoods in Paris—Belleville, the Triangle de Choisy, and the Goutte d'Or—which are each composed of and shaped by separate ethnic populations. To a great extent, these neighborhoods are imprinted by commercial activity, often involving customers who come from well outside the neighborhood and networks that extend beyond the nation. They also show patterns of multiethnicity which allows for difference between groups to be maintained, even as the space shared between them is effectively negotiated.     

南京爱国工厂宣言书暨简章

辛亥革命、南北议和后,中华民国临时政府北迁,任命黄兴为南京留守。南京留守府在其存在的短短两个半月里曾采取一系列整军、理财措施,请呈及相关批反映了革命派主张兴商惠工、支持民生实业的态度。     

The Paris Sewers and the Rationalization of Urban Space

Sewers are perhaps the most enigmatic of urban infrastructures. Most citizens of modern cities are aware of their existence, yet few could accurately describe their layout or appearance. This paper takes as its starting point a key moment in the cultural representation of urban space: the photographs of the Paris sewers taken by Félix Nadar in the early 1860s. These images capture a dramatic transformation in subterranean Paris, initiated in the early 1850s by Baron Georges Haussmann and his chief engineer Eugène Belgrand as part of the comprehensive reconstruction of the city's infrastructure during the Second Empire of Napoléon III. This paper argues, however, that with respect to the underground city, we cannot consider the Haussmann era to be the unproblematic epitome of modernity. The reconstruction of subterranean Paris revealed a series of tensions that were only to be resolved in the post-Haussmann era in response to the combined influence of growing water usage, the persistent threat of disease and changing conceptions of public health policy. It is concluded that the flow of water in Second Empire Paris is best conceived as a transitional phase in the radical reworking of relations between the body and urban form engendered by the process of capitalist urbanization.