Sweetened Tea Houses In Tibet

OutsideasweetenedteahouseinLhasaareparkednumerousbicyclesandmotorcycles.Insideareseatedcrowdsofpeople.InLhasaandotherpartsofTibet,therearemanyteahouseslikethis.DrinkingsweetenedteahasbecomeaTibetantradition.ManysayTibetanslearnedtodrinksweetenedteafromtheBritishinvaders.ButmanyothersarguethattheTibetanslearneditfromtheindiansandNepalese.WhilemostTibetansmakesweetenedteainawayuniquetothemselves,peopleinYadongandGyangze,closetoindia,followamethodsimilartothatinindia.TheTibetansmakesweetene…     

Hada Culture Prevails in Tibet

ＨａｄａＣｕｌｔｕｒｅＰｒｅｖａｉｌｓｉｎＴｉｂｅｔ￥ｂｙＢａｌｓａｎｇＮｏｒｂｕＰａｇｂａｉｓｗｅｌｌ－ｋｎｏｗｎｉｎｔｈｅａｎｎａｌｓｏｆＴｉｂｅｔａｎｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｆｏｒｔｈｅｒｏｌｅｈｅｐｌａｙｅｄｉｎｈａｒｍｏｎｉｚｉｎｇｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓ...     

Tibetan Tea Culture

Wecaneatnothingexceptdrinkingtea."Forhundredsofyears,Tibetanshavedevelopedthehabitofsippingtea.SOURCEOFTEA.Althoughteais,forTibetans,indispensable,Tibetan-inhabitedareasproducealmostnoteaatall.Thisiswhy,forinstance,TibetanhorseswereusedtotradeforteaproducedinChina'shinterlandinancienttimes.Inthe4thcentury,troopsoftheTuboKingdomcapturedsomeprefecturesofChina'shinterland.Theyfoundteabuthadnoideahowtousethese"driedtreeleaves."Gradually,however,theylearnedtomakeanddrinktea.Theyevenaddedbu…     

Prehistoric Culture of Tibet

TheofficialopeningoftheTibetMuseumtookplaceonOctober5,1999.Theexhibitsinthemuseumaredividedintofourparts:"PrehistoricCulture,"InseparableHistory,"CultureandArt"and"Folklore."Thefollowingisabriefintroductiontothefirstpart:"PrehistoricCulture."Theprehistoricdevelopmentofmankindisdividedaccordingtothetypeofproductiontoolsusedintothepalaeolithic,themesolithic,theneolithic;theBronze-neolithic(theRedAge),theBronzeAgeandtheIronAge.THEPALAEOLITHIC.ArchaeologicalfindsrevealthattheTibet…     

陆均：回到喝茶

陆均说,吴山有三怪：一个是周记排档,一个是鼓楼卖烧饼的,另外一个他说过,我忘了。可见我对他说的东西也是左耳朵进,右耳朵出的。     

青海回族的茶文化

回族人家中都备有喝茶的茶盅(俗称把盅),其造型优美,质地精良,一个样式一个花色,细细观赏每一个茶盅皆是以山水花草为釉彩的。回族的熬茶制作很别致,不像通常的饮茶那样用沸水冲     

Lamas,Empresses and Tea: Early Twentieth-Century Sino-British Encounters in Eastern Tibet

At the turn of the twentieth century, the Tibetan plateau was a zone of intense imperial contact—and competition—between British India and Qing China. Even before the 1904 Younghusband Expedition to Lhasa, Indian rupees had become the primary currency of commercial exchange across the plateau, and British explorers had gathered detailed knowledge of both the presumed natural resource bounty of eastern Tibet and the lucrative border tea trade traversing it. This article explores models manifested by these interactions between British and Qing officials, merchants and explorers in the Kham region of ethnographic Tibet and the role empires played in the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century global spread of Euro-American norms. Although Sichuan officials directly engaged with administering Kham shared a common perception of Khampa society with their British counterparts, they also recognised the encroachment of Indian rupees and British explorers as challenges to Qing authority, if not a prologue to territorial expansion paralleling the contemporaneous scramble for concessions in coastal China. Beginning with the establishment of the Zongli Yamen in 1861, close Sino-British interaction along two tracks, British ‘lessons’ in statecraft and diplomacy in the imperial capital Beijing and commercial and political actions in the imperial borderland of Kham, provided models for Qing assertion of exclusive authority on the plateau. Two globalising norms inflected in these British models—territoriality and sovereignty—fostered transformative policies in the borderland during the first decade of the twentieth century. Implemented by Sichuan officials, these policies sought to undermine Lhasa's local challenge to Chinese authority via monasteries, thereby legitimising appeal to international law to repel regional challenges from both British India and Russia. This article analyses in depth two examples of these policies in action: a silver coin modelled on the Empress Victoria Indian rupee and a monopoly tea company partly modelled on British Indian tea firms and the Indian Tea Association. Both contributed to weakening the political, social and economic power projected into Kham by British India and Lhasa. The adaptation of these models in Qing policies fostered by the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Sino-British encounter in Kham reveals the conduits through which Euro-American norms of authority were shared, and demonstrates their power to transform relations in the interstices of global power, where empires met empires and states met states.     

晚清晋商与茶文化

在晚清，晋商颇具特色地栽培茶树、研制茶叶以及将茶叶组织运销，在茶业经济领域创办了具有资本主义性质的近代加工工业。同时为了自身利益和民族利益还与俄商进行斗争，对我国茶文化的传播和发展起到了积极的推动作用。     

镰仓、室町时期的茶文化与日本茶道

成立于战国后期的日本茶道（初期称为“茶汤”或“佗茶”）,虽然在形式上与南北朝时的“婆娑罗寄合”这种喧闹、奢靡的饮茶之风迥然不同,甚至与室町幕府的将军所举行的茶会也有很大的差异,但是禅的精神的融入,正是对“婆娑罗寄合”的一种反省与反动,而室町幕府茶会中的“唐物数寄”、以建盏天目茶碗为代表的“茶具足”和“书院座敷”这三个基本文化元素,是后来日本的茶道得以成立的非常重要的前提条件。“书院座敷”构成了茶道得以展开的基本空间,“茶具足”是茶道得以进行的基本器具,而“唐物数寄”则是使整个茶道活动充满了优雅文化气息的基本组成。     

宋诗茶文化语词举例

诗歌语言颇接近口语,要构建宋代词汇史,系统地研究宋诗词汇是途径之一。前贤虽有考释宋诗词义之作,而全面、系统之研究,则未见其人。其原因是《全宋诗》结集于上世纪90年代末(由北京大学出版社于1999年出版),其数量又是《全唐诗》的五倍(大约是27万多首),故全面、系统研究宋诗语言一直滞后,《全宋诗》语言研究至今仍是等待开发的处女地。我们二人志同道合,研究《全宋诗》语言有年,有意填补此项空白。然而,这是一项大工程,真正做起来不是很容易,我们的研究工作也仅仅是开始,面临着许多具体困难,需要一个一个去解决。本文从《全宋诗》中选取若干与茶文化相关的语词,并考释其于宋时的意义,算是一项大型研究宋诗语言计划其中一个课题的证验之作。     

普洱茶与滇藏间茶马古道的兴盛

云南、西藏两地间交易茶叶、马匹等商品的交通线,近代以来称为"茶马古道"。茶马古道的出现,与相关道路的形成演变、清代普洱茶的兴起及运销西藏有关。在特定的历史条件下,清朝以普洱府、顺宁府为主要产地经营的大叶种茶,种植、生产获得迅速发展,同时运销西藏等地,西藏的骡马也赶到云南销售,"茶马古道"由此形成并趋兴盛。     

河湟回族茶文化

回族茶文化是中国茶文化的重要组成部分,也是中国茶文化一奇葩,“熬茶”和“盖碗茶”是回族茶文化的瑰宝,内涵丰富,具有民族特性.回族茶不仅丰富了回族的饮食文化和礼仪文化,而且其药膳功效也是名扬天下.回回人好茶,以茶敬客,以茶会友,以茶送礼,以茶谈心,饮茶保健,一时一刻也离不开茶.     

Tibet Institute for Nationalities:First in Tibet

Article 9 of the Agreement of theCentral Government and the LocalGovernment of Tibet on the PeacefulLiberation of Tibat, signed on May23, 1951, stipulates: "The spokenand written language and schooleducation of the Tibetan ethnicgroup shall be developed step bystep in accordance with the actualconditions in Tibet."In accordance with the Agreement,Mao Zedong, founder of the People's Republic of China, instructedthe Central People's Governmentto work hard to develop school education in T…     

Tourism in Tibet

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Jails in Tibet

There are three jails in the Tibet Autonomous Region, with 2,300 inmates, including those serving lifesentences or awaiting execution. They account for 0.9 per 1,000 of the Tibetan population.The three jails are the Tibet Autonomous Regional Prison, the Lhasa Prison and the Borne Prison. Of the three, the TAR Prison is the largest and the only one exclusively for female inmates.Of the inmates, 76 percent are of the Tibetan ethnic group, 20 percent from the Han ethnic group, and remaining four percent from     

Permafrost in Tibet

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Dice in Tibet

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Airports in Tibet

Tibet was regarded as ＂Forbidden Zone＂ as far as aviation was concemed due to its high altiude and its towering mountain ranges. How was thes ＂taboo＂ broken？ As for an airport on the Tibetan Plateau, how was it constructed？     

扎根西藏发掘原生态人文精神

作为西藏对外展示新形象的文化窗口,西藏美术馆的建立对促进各民族交往交流交融、提升城市品质品位、营造文化氛围都有着十分重要的意义。有了美术馆,人们大概最关心的就是美术馆的展品、展陈事宜。策展人、画家罗伯特·斯托尔曾说:被艺术感动就是被带离熟悉的环境,跳出自我而灵魂出窍,好的作品会让人回首旅程的起点还有留在身后的那个有限的自我。