论李世贤进取浙江的战略得失

太平天国天京杨韦内讧后,从战略进攻转向战略防御。安庆是安徽首府、金陵门户,因此,死守安庆,巩固皖北根据地是大平天国战略关键、大平军的中心任务。如果李世贤乐平战后,坚守皖南,以徽州为据点,与安庆成犄角,可牵制部分清军兵力,减轻安庆压力不致失守,确保天京安全。李世贤进取浙江,远离安徽主要战场,犯了战略上的错误,得不偿失。     

李文茂在广西

李文茂在广西壮之大平天国时期,洪秀全在攻克南京后,曾派人回广东运动反清。天地会首领陈开首先响应,于１８５４年起义于佛山。随后,李文茂在广州北郊起义响应陈开。李文茂是广东鹤山县（今属高鹤县）人,梨园世家出身,本人也是粤剧＂武二花＂（武生二花脸）艺人,精...     

太平天国“时髦青年”忆当年

也许是由于事物螺旋形发展的规律,在太平军金田起义１５０周年（２００１年）接近之际,由于国门开放,商海涛宽,我们读天国史料的时候,往往感到一种比以前（例如５０年前）更加切近的感觉和理解,从而品出一种特殊趣味。例如《静宜草堂新说》作者静宜草堂主人,知名度不高,原名洪蔡元,也不怎么响,但是一查背景,能结结实实地吓你一跳:他是洪秀全的堂侄,其父洪仁、封干王,是天国后期的军师,实际上等于朝政总理。他本人在军中待过,在京里又与“正掌率”赞王蒙得恩之子蒙时雍很“铁”,可以说,是天国末年的花花太岁,时髦青年。天国败亡后,他幸而逃…     

2014.7.01 编读

<正>读者来信@明方玉宇:贵刊第12期《天国陷落》封面文章内容翔实,读着很过瘾。我注意到第36页图片"太平天国"钱币,"国"字里为什么没有那一点,而是个王字,这与其避讳政策有关吗?值班编辑:在太平天国的文献中,天国的"国"字都写作"囯"。在洪秀全、石达开所铸的圣宝钱,"国"字中间也是"王"。洪秀全对"囯"字情有独钟,认为此字意味"王在其中"之意,不过据查,此字并非洪秀全所造,乃为"国"字的俗字,即因书写便捷而形成的流     

洪秀全与太平天国后期的军事失误

洪秀全与太平天国后期的军事失误张思恩１８５６年夏,太平天国在军事上达到了全盛时期。天京事变的发生、石达开的出走,使天国受到极大损失。洪秀全提拔青年将领陈玉成、李秀成指挥军事,他们率军浴血苦战,才稳定了形势。１８５９年４月,天王族弟洪仁从香港到达天京,...     

《华中革命根据地婚姻习俗变迁研究》出版

正吴云峰著,黄山书社2017年12月出版,30万字,36元该书选取了华中革命根据地作为研究区域,考察了根据地创建之前该地区传统的婚姻习俗;研究了华中革命根据地的婚姻政策立法,包括婚姻自由政策的渊源、根据地的婚姻政策和法令体系、婚姻新政的推行和特点等。作者分析了华中革命根据地对传统婚礼的变革和新式婚姻的实践情况,论述了华中革命根据地自由恋爱与婚姻自由的实行、对婚姻陋俗的改造、婚姻仪式和妇女地位的变化。作者还研究了新     

赏析《傲慢与偏见》解读作者婚姻观

《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯汀的代表作之一。小说以男女主人公的爱情纠葛为主线,通过对几对青年男女爱情婚姻的描写,作者以其独特的女性视角和敏锐的观察力,在讽刺资本主义婚姻关系的同时,借女主人公伊丽莎白之口表达了自己的婚姻观;爱情与婚姻水乳交融、不可分割;理想的婚姻是爱情的蓓蕾所开绽出来的结果。     

是开放 还是保守——唐代婚姻形态的比较分析

唐朝是中国历史上以开放著称的时代,其开放性在男女婚姻关系和妇女活动方面亦体现前所未有、后所不及的自由局面,从而在一个特殊层面上展示了盛世大唐的风貌。同时下层社会妇女保守的贞节观渐趋完善,本文通过对唐代妇女婚姻形态的考察,廓清唐代婚姻开放性和保守性并存的原因。     

是开放 还是保守——唐代婚姻形态的比较分析

唐朝是中国历史上以开放著称的时代,其开放性在男女婚姻关系和妇女活动方面亦体现前所未有、后所不及的自由局面,从而在一个特殊层面上展示了盛世大唐的风貌。同时下层社会妇女保守的贞节观渐趋完善,本文通过对唐代妇女婚姻形态的考察,廓清唐代婚姻开放性和保守性并存的原因。     

赏析《傲慢与偏见》解读作者婚姻观

《傲慢与偏见》是简.奥斯汀的代表作之一。小说以男女主人公的爱情纠葛为主线,通过对几对青年男女爱情婚姻的描写,作者以其独特的女性视角和敏锐的观察力,在讽刺资本主义婚姻关系的同时,借女主人公伊丽莎白之口表达了自己的婚姻观:爱情与婚姻水乳交融、不可分割;理想的婚姻是爱情的蓓蕾所开绽出来的结果。     

Climate and energy security policies and measures: synergies and conflicts

Concerns about climate and energy security are leading to increased government intervention in the energy sector, in particular as they relate to the choice of energy supply options. While many of these options will improve both energy and climate security, many measures will benefit one while harming the other. This raises an important question for governments and energy planners: how can conflicts between climate and energy security be resolved? This article outlines some of the barriers and problems that may arise as governments and companies try to address climate and energy security concerns simultaneously in various energy supply areas. It concludes by arguing against choosing one objective over the other, and by outlining steps that can be taken to help resolve conflicts between the two agendas.     

我和我的兄弟姐妹

1938年．我出生在金沙江畔一个叫巴塘的小县城里。生在哪一天．至今不知道．因此．六十多年过去了．我从来也没有过过生日。     

Challenger and Chernobyl Lessons and Reflections

Abstract

It is argued that Psychological research on 'race' and 'ethnicity' issues presents a number of ethical problems. These relate to the sociopolitical impact of such research, particularly when it purports to find differences of an 'innate' character; to the use of naive subjects, particularly children, in research which is aimed at demonstrating their 'inferiority'; and, within the academic community itself, to the working relationships between researchers who believe in 'innate' 'race' differences and colleagues belonging to allegedly 'inferior' groups – this being particularly significant within a teaching environment. Although the 'race differences' question has a long and controversial history, ethical issues relating to the research process itself have received less focused attention. Moreover, replacement of the genetically obsolete concept of 'race' with the idea of 'ethnicity' does not solve the problem entirely, and the term 'ethnicity' is itself unsatisfactory in several respects.     

Power and Ethnicity History and Anthropology

This essay reflects on the relationship between anthropological and historical scholarship of ethnicity, picking up on themes explored by Andre Gingrich, by considering the epistemological and evidentiary limitations of social scientific and historical analysis and reconstruction. Beginning with the consideration of the pioneering transdisciplinary efforts of Robert Darnton and Clifford Geertz, it argues that many of the weaknesses ascribed to such efforts are actually part of the nature of social scientific investigation which, in the terms of Peter Winch, must take into account two sets of relationships: that of the relationship between the scientist and the phenomena that he or she observes and the symbolic system that he or she shares with other scientists, which can only be understood from the social context of common activity. How these two relationships challenge social scientific analysis of ethnicity are examined through a consideration of the difficulties of applying Anthony Smith's definition of an ethnie to either Fredrik Barth's classic essay on “Pathan Identity and its Maintenance” or Helmut Reimitz's study of Frankish identity. It concludes that neither anthropologists nor historians are simply describing societies as they are or as they were but rather attempt to describe societies as witnesses within them thought they should be, and we do this for our own society, not for those of the participants, past or present.     

Of Demons and Angels and Historical Humans: Some Events and Questions in Translation and Post-colonial Theory

In what follows, I attempt to show that a look at some curious examples of translations from European texts makes us think about issues in translation theory and post-colonial theory from a slightly different angle. The metaphor of translation can very well be employed for understanding the relation between European texts, and some texts and some social and political practices in India in the colonial period, and this in turn helps us look critically at what I shall call our fuzzy post-colonialism. I also argue that Walter Benjamin's metaphor of translation as the after-life of a work can be extended to posit two basic modes of after-life.     

后伊拉克时代与中国的内政外交--普遍主义与单边主义的冲突

"9·11"事件后,冷战后的国际政治格局发生了重大变化.其最大特征可以概括为以下两点:第一,确立了以唯一超级大国--美国为核心的以反恐为普遍主义的全球性安全阵线;第二,美国的爱国主义、民族主义戏剧性地高涨起来.就像当时有人强调因为全世界有60多个国家的人在世界贸易中心工作,所以对世贸中心的攻击就是对全世界的攻击那样,在美国国民中普遍存在着这样的观点:因为美国社会自身就是世界的缩影,所以星条旗也可被看作是超越一国国界的全人类的普遍象征.