西安市交通网络综合通达性研究

以西安市交通网络数据为数据源,利用GIS空间分析技术,选取道路密度、道路服务指数、路网连接度和可达性模型四个指标对西安市交通网络的空间形态、空间分布、距离关系进行多角度分析,并在此基础上,构建了综合评价指标,分析了西安市主城区四级城市道路网络的通达性现状。结果表明:西安市的道路交通网络通达性呈现明显的空间分异,受历史因素、经济政策及自然环境等因素的影响,其通达性空间格局呈现典型的单中心多圈层结构,位于市中心的区域通达性最好,并在北,西,西南,南,东五个方向延展,这五个方向通达性递减幅度较小。研究对西安市交通网络的优化和扩展有一定指导作用,对城市交通网络布局和通达性分析评价进行了一定改进。     

Inns,innkeepers and the society of later medieval England, 1350–1600

The inns and innkeepers of medieval England form a poorly documented and neglected group of institutions and individuals. Yet at a time of growing specialism, they were a crucial part of the economic infrastructure of the country. This study is focused on the documentation for central southern England but seeks to place this in a wider perspective. There was now a regular provision of inns in accordance with the size and importance of the towns. Inns generated substantial rent and were evidently felt to be worth considerable investment. Innkeepers were among the rich and influential members of the town. Inns played a vital role in the evolving and prospering economic, social and political life of the nation in this period.     

The character of a global transport infrastructure: Jules Verne’s Around the World in Eighty Days

Jules Verne’s Le Tour du monde en quatre-vingts jours, serialized in 1872 and published in English in 1874 as Around the World in Eighty Days, displays through its hero the character, in both senses of the term, of the new global public transport system that had transformed long-distance travel in the nineteenth century. Verne’s fiction imagines the community defined by this system in three particular elements: A high-speed public transport network creates a community of people by extending their synchronic collective sense of ongoing separate simultaneous activity and, collaterally, unifies them historically as contemporaries defined by the current mode, form and speed of their transport network; it creates this community of people irrespective of the individual purposes for which they use the transport system; and individuals comprehend this networked community by projecting an omniscient-like perspective through which they imagine themselves and others as circulating bodies in it.     

城市旅游地生命周期的系统动态模型

对城市旅游和旅游地生命周期的概念进行了分析和界定,在评述国内外相关研究成果的基础上,提出了一般城市旅游地生命周期的研究框架,并论述了系统动力学方法对于旅游地生命周期研究的适用性和有效性,构建了一般城市旅游地旅游发展的系统动态模型,解释了旅游地发展的系统内部结构和各要素的作用机制。     

区域交通优势度评价模型的建立与实证——以山东省为例

交通是区域发展的动脉。对于进入工业化、城市化快速发展轨道的中国而言,交通区位的影响日益强烈。尝试建立一种简单易懂的交通优势度比较模型,并以山东省139个县(市)区为例进行分析。结果发现,该模型较好地反映了山东各地的交通优势差异。同时利用SPSS模型,对山东省各县市交通优势度进行聚类分析,将全省不同地区的交通优势度分为高、中高、中、中低、低五个等级,发现全省各县(市)区优势度具有以中心城市为核心呈现类似同心圆的结构形态。     

北京市区轨道交通对周边住房租赁价格的影响分析

基于北京市六环内住房租赁样本的交易数据,本文以北京地铁为例,采用空间回归模型实证探讨轨道交通对合租和整租这两种不同方式下的住房租赁价格的影响。结果表明：①基于轨道交通的就业可达性对于租赁价格会产生显著的增值效应,租客愿意为就业可达性较好的住房支付溢价租金。②地铁站点密度对整租的租赁价格具有正向影响,对合租无显著影响,而地铁换乘线路变量未对租赁价格产生显著影响。③轨道交通对合租和整租住房租赁价格的影响随着距离增加呈现差异化的演变规律。合租方式的租赁价格的影响随着实际路网距离的增加呈现单调递减,距站点500m范围内影响最大;而整租方式呈现倒“U”形变化,在500-1500m范围内增值效应最大。针对研究结果,建议政府加大租赁住房供给的同时要充分考虑轨道交通要素,精准施策以实现公共资源的空间高效配置。     

海外华人网络与FDI流入中国大陆的实证分析

用统计分析的方法,以13个国家在2002-2006年的数据为样本,建立了以经济规模、人均GDP、地理距离和海外华人网络为主要变量的分析模型,对海外华人网络与FDI流入中国大陆之间的相关系数进行定量分析。结果表明:海外华人网络与国际对华直接投资流量之间成正相关关系,其在中国大陆吸引、利用FDI的过程当中发挥了积极的作用。但随着中国正式制度的不断健全和完善,海外华人网络对FDI流入中国大陆的作用强度将有所弱化。     

基于系统动力学的我国旅游景区门票定价研究

已有景区门票定价研究大都从现实景区数据出发,建立门票价格、景区属性和社会经济指标的多元回归模型。然而这种计量研究,并没有从景区门票定价的多目标性出发,也忽视了影响门票定价各因素之间的相互影响关系。本文构建ISM模型分析影响景区门票定价的主要因素及其相互关系,根据因素相互作用关系建立景区门票定价系统因果关系图和系统流图,并设定系统动力学方程。仿真结果显示,成本票价逐年下降并于2022年降至最低,而最终票价将呈现先降低后升高的趋势。     

超国家民族经济网络的运营：华商大会与韩商大会的比较分析

选择华商与韩商大会作为个案,运用比较研究的方法,对华商网络与韩商网络的运营机制及其特征进行了阐述和分析。韩商大会与华商大会是两个最具规模的离线网络协力系统,在强化网络成员之间的联系与沟通乃至在构筑民族共同体方面具有十分重要的意义。两个大会在会议周期、运营体系和世界性影响力方面又具有很大差异。     

中国与欧盟产业强关联复杂网络系统的比较研究

基于投入产出表构建中国和欧盟细分产业的强关联网络,运用社会网络分析法从整体、子群及个体三个层级对中欧的产业网络进行比较分析,以探讨中国产业复杂网络发展趋势、规律以及阶段定位。研究发现：①产业强关联网络的发展具有显著规律性,欧盟产业强关联网络发展形态是中国的高级演化模式;②欧盟产业间的紧密度及群体聚集趋势均优于中国,但中国产业间的资源传输效率表现更好;③中国当前正处于分配性及生产性服务业与制造业换位的转型期,但尚未达到欧盟所处的以服务业高度集聚作为网络枢纽以带动全行业发展的成熟稳定期;④中国和欧盟的区块网络均呈现近似“核心-边缘”的等级层次结构,分块网络从“单核心”驱动向“双核心”共振驱动更迭,但欧盟比中国更早实现双核心驱动模式。     

A Genetic Approach to the Subdivision of Tropical Soils,Regolith and their Products of Redeposition

A soil classification based on the genetic principles of Russia's Dokuchayev school is proposed for the tropical setting of Cuba. In view of the heavy degradation of the island's original forest and savanna soils, leaving fully developed soil profiles only in a few areas, such a genetic classification of Cuban soils must incorporate both the few fully developed soils proper and the various types of subsoil, consisting both of parent material and of its products of redeposition. The following types of parent material are distinguished: (a) quartz-allitic-ferritic, on acid crystalline rocks; (b) kaol-inite-allitic-ferritic, on schists; (c) zeolitic, on basic volcanics; (d) ferro-zeolitic, on ultrabasics, and (e) terra rossa, on crystalline limestones. These primary types of parent material, developed on crystalline rocks, have their secondary equivalents on sedimentary rocks.     

中原经济区复杂产业网络结构特征及演化

基于城市流和连锁网络模型,构建了2000年、2005年和2013年中原经济区复杂产业网络的有向拓扑结构图模型,借助复杂网络相关理论和方法及PAJEK软件,分析了中原经济区复杂产业网络的结构特征和演化特征。结果显示:1中原经济区产业发展过程中存在一定程度上的\"马太效应\",网络呈现出无标度网络的\"择优增长\"特征。2郑州、信阳和邯郸在中原经济区复杂产业网络中具有良好的资源控制能力和重要的地位,网络水平发育不明显,产业网络密度偏小。3在中原经济区复杂产业网络中,产业度与产业集聚系数表现出反向关联,与介数中心性呈现正向关联。4中原经济区产业网络随着经济社会的发展朝着更加复杂化的趋势发展。     

国内经济型酒店服务创新比较研究

伴随着经济型酒店的迅猛发展,各品牌的经济型酒店间竞争日益激烈。本文选取了品牌经济型酒店中13个典型的酒店作为样本,通过文献分析、对点评内容分析和实地调研分析发现各品牌经济型酒店间存在的差异,归纳构建出经济型酒店创新评价体系,并以此为基础,进一步利用专家打分法和问卷评分为各项创新项目评分,最终获得13个样本酒店的创新得分。通过分析发现以下结论：（1）从品牌市场占有率排名和创新得分的关系上可以看出,经济型酒店业的竞争手段主要依赖于规模的扩张,而非对服务的创新,这是行业成长期的主要表现;（2）比较延伸品牌与母品牌的创新得分可以发现,借助于品牌的管理经验和共享的预订平台,经济型酒店在品牌延伸过程中,品牌范围经济效应明显;（3）高端经济型酒店服务创新水平明显较高,但受商业模式限制,经济型酒店仅能在最重要的部分进行有限的创新。     

欠发达地区城市公交底线公平的空间分异特征及成因分析——以云南省为例

底线公平是欠发达地区城市公交发展的基础指标。基于底线公平理论,本文从公交服务公平性、资源配置公平性、保障公平性三个方面,建立了城市公交底线公平性测度指标体系,采用PCA模型对欠发达地区城市公交的底线公平性进行测度分析,以云南省为例获取城市公交底线公平的空间分异特征,并对其影响因素进行分析。结果表明,云南省城市公交的底线公平性总体较差,空间分布呈现“圈层”特征,全省城市公交底线公平的整体空间分异与主因子空间分异特征吻合;平均候车时间、公交站点覆盖率、公共汽电车责任事故死亡率、公交运营车辆人车比等指标是影响公交底线公平的关键指标。     

Gender and daily mobility in a New Zealand city, 1920–1960

Although it is widely accepted that transport—like other social practices—is gendered, the concept of gender used in transport research is often one‐dimensional, with the focus on gendered variations in behaviour rather than on gendered meaning and identities. In this paper, I develop a more complex and multi‐stranded way of approaching the issue of gender and transport (or rather, daily mobility). A case study of a neighbourhood in the New Zealand city of Dunedin in the early decades of last century is presented to explore how the practices of daily mobility constituted gender. A three‐part concept of gender is developed as a basis for analysis: gender as a pattern of social relations, a cultural system of meaning and a component of personal identity. This is then used to analyse a collection of sixty oral histories. The period 1920–1960 is particularly interesting; in these decades extensive and widely used public transport systems (notably electric trams) shared urban streets with bicycles and pedestrians, and the emerging private modes of motorcycle and motor car. As new transport technologies were taken up, they offered the opportunity for new social practices to be formed around their use, for cultural meanings to be assigned to the technologies and for embodied individual subjectivities to be constructed. I argue that we can usefully interpret the shifting patterns of transport use through the lens of gender, and that we can come to understand the process by which gender is constructed by attention to everyday trip‐making and presence on the street.