经济地理学视角下创新网络研究进展

借助Citespace软件,回顾相关文献,系统梳理了经济地理学领域创新网络的研究脉络、研究内容,明晰研究不足与研究方向。创新网络研究重点与研究方向:①网络空间尺度方面,已有研究关注集群内与集群间网络、城市内与城市间网络(城市群网络)、跨国公司全球网络配置等问题;未来研究应从单一尺度向多尺度网络耦合研究转变,从单一网络向多重网络融合研究转变。②网络演化及其驱动因素方面,节点演变、多维邻近性对网络演化的影响成为研究重点,未来应重视对产业和技术网络轨迹演变的研究。③网络结构及其对创新的影响方面,已有研究关注节点网络结构如何影响个体创新行为与创新结果,未来应深化整体网络结构和连接原因,以及网络组成对整体网络演化影响的研究。未来应加强对中国欠发达地区、中国后发跨国公司创新网络的实证研究,强化计量方法的应用,例如块模型、社区发现等方法。     

Tweet Justice: The Canadian Court’s Use of Social Media

ABSTRACT

Like other political institutions in Canada, the judiciary has entered the digital age. Indeed, Canadian courts have been using Twitter for almost a decade. Despite this, there has been very little systematic examination of how Canadian courts use Twitter and the nature of the content they produce. While digital technologies create new challenges for all political actors, this is especially so for the courts, which exist in a very “traditional and conservative environment”. In this research note, we develop a framework for analyzing court-produced content on social media. This framework draws from concepts from digital politics and legal studies. We then apply this framework by conducting a content analysis of tweets from active court Twitter feeds in Canada.     

Advocacy Group Messaging on Social Media: Using the Narrative Policy Framework to Study Twitter Messages about Nuclear Energy Policy in the United States

Increasingly, policy scholars are using the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) to systematically study the narrative elements and strategies that policy actors and groups use to advance their agendas. The majority of these studies analyze reports, documents, and websites published by the actors and groups that are most active in the policy subsystem. Though useful, these “public consumption documents” can be difficult to find and relatively static. In this article, we suggest that the constant flow of messages and content that competing actors and groups publish on social media may provide a solution to this problem. To test this proposition, we use the NPF to analyze messages published on Twitter by competing advocacy groups in the U.S. nuclear energy policy subsystem from January 2014 to May 2014 (n = 703). We find that both groups use Twitter to disseminate messages that contain the basic elements of policy narratives. Moreover, the narratives they use include strategies that are consistent with their position in the subsystem. These findings demonstrate the utility of the NPF for research on social media and, more importantly, validate the use of Twitter data in future work on the NPF.     

The power of precision air strikes and social media feeds in the 2012 Israel–Hamas conflict: ‘targeting transparency’

This article analyses the evolving uses of social media during wartime through the IDF (Israel Defense Forces) Spokesperson Facebook and Twitter accounts. The conflict between Israel and Hamas-affiliated groups in November 2012 has generated interesting data about social media use by a sovereign power in wartime and the resultant networked discourse. Facebook data is examined for effective patterns of dissemination through both content analysis and discourse analysis. Twitter data is explored through connected concept analysis to map the construction of meaning in social media texts shared by the IDF. The systematic examination of this social media data allows the authors’ analysis to comment on the evolving modes, methods and expectations for state public diplomacy, propaganda and transparency during wartime.     

Identity,social interaction,and networks in the region of Wisconsin’s Holyland

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on how a sense of identity, social interaction, and networks contribute to the construction and maintenance of regions. Using Wisconsin’s Holyland as a case study, we conducted fieldwork, collected primary data from residents through a survey, and utilized social network analysis (SNA) to determine how it is defined as a vernacular and functional region. While there appeared to be consensus regarding the key defining characteristics of Wisconsin’s Holyland on the surface, our data analysis revealed contrasting perceptions and definitions of the region. In addition, a SNA of self-reported social interactions by residents highlighted a complex cultural geography through the appearance of subregions and expanded borders of the region overall.     

Class and space: social segregation in Japanese cities

It has become increasingly common to play down the 'place stratification' of Japanese cities, and to emphasize their lack of social class segregation. Demonstrating that the Japanese city lacks a social geography in this respect conforms to, and serves to advance, the view that Japan has produced a capitalist form of development that avoids many of the inequalities and social ills characteristic of other advanced capitalist societies (e.g. no 'inner city' problems). But do the social geographies of Japanese cities really conform to this picture of Japanese society? This issue is explored with the help of a new analysis of the occupational class geography of the city of Kyoto.     

Evaluating Qualitative Research in Social Geography: Establishing 'Rigour' in Interview Analysis

A review of 31 empirical and eighteen substantive papers by qualitative social geographers mainly using in-depth interviews reveals little explicit reference to the principle(s) adopted to enhance 'rigour' and to ensure meaningful inference. Given the modest explicit discussion of evaluative criteria in these papers, a scheme from evaluation research itself is critically reviewed. A set of evaluation questions derived from this review and their application to an empirical piece of qualitative work frame an argument for a general set of criteria rather than rigid rules for assessing qualitative work. Such criteria can serve as anchor points for qualitative evaluation.     

中国社会地理学发展综述

在中国人文地理学众多分支学科中,社会地理学属于发展较慢的一个分支,但近年来出现了较快的发展势头,研究内容日益广泛,研究人员对社会地理学的诸多领域开展了研究,包括:
1.社会地理学的性质与内容。在吸收西方社会地理学成果的基础上,结合中国实际,认为要重点研究社会集团的空间活动,也有人认为要研究社会集团、社会文化、社会生态、社会问题。
2.社区地理研究。主要内容包括社区地理的理论、城市社会区域的划分、农村社区、社会集团等方面的研究。
3.社会问题的研究。主要有犯罪现象、贫困问题等。
随着人文地理学在中国的全面复兴,地理学出现了明显的人文化、社会化趋向,人文地理工作者从原先注重经济活动转而关注社会问题,特别是进入九十年代以来,社会转型加快,社会问题愈加突出地显现出来,迫切需要建立中国的社会地理学理论体系,加强对现实社会问题的研究,开拓新的研究领域,如生活水平与生活方式、生活空间、社会变迁等,为我国制定有关方针政策提供依据。     

国外乡村社会地理研究综述

本文首先对国外乡村社会地理的研究进行阶段划分与总结,分析了九十年代以来新的研究进展,然后重点介绍了当前几个重点研究领域:乡村社区、城乡关系、乡村景观及乡村社会问题等,最后指出发展不足及今后的发展方向。全文旨在通过大量文献分析,梳理出国外乡村社会地理的研究进展与今后发展趋势,期望能够对国内相关研究与乡村发展具有一定理论与实践意义。     

The late George Alexander turner,M.D.

The paper argues the case for population geography as a strong, self‐aware sub‐discipline that plays to its strengths, while not abandoning innovation. In place of hollow calls for (re)‐theorisation, population geographers should first recognise their claims to certain kinds of praxis in contributing to an ethical and equitable society through the insights that population geography can bring. Second, the paper argues that rather than focusing on bringing social theory into population geography, there is more potential in examining how (in)adequately social theory has engaged with demographic issues. Third, the paper suggests that population geographers need to think about the new contexts in which they are engaging with large spatially‐referenced numerical data sets.     

论构建和谐社会与发展社会地理学问题

自改革开放以来,尤其在全球化、国际化和地方化的宏观背景下,国家产业结构基本实现重构和转移,人口流动的规模和范围不断加大,在中国经济快速增长的同时,区域和城乡差距也在迅速扩大,由于社会劳动分配和收入差距的不同,出现新的社会问题,例如结构性调整导致下岗人员增加和新贫困阶层,按劳动技能支付报酬派生社会极化现象,流动人口集聚导致城市新贫民区等等。从社会发展和政府功能的转变趋势看,比较重要的社会问题温床已经形成。本文试图从国家需求出发,分析现状存在的社会问题以及正在造成的地理空间影响,尤其从城市社会问题着手梳理相关的成因和演化机理,倡导发展中国特色的社会地理学,为国家建设和谐社会提供地理学的理论和方法。     

历史社会地理研究刍议

本文对历史社会地理的研究内涵作了初步的勾勒,认为历史社会地理是研究历史时期各地人群的形成、分布及其变迁,研究地理因素对社会文化现象的影响,具体研究内容应包括历史时期社区及社会现象的地理研究,后者包括人群研究、风俗地理和社会变迁等。     

The Relationship Between Teaching and Research in Australian Geography

This paper considers how higher education geography is a discipline that can make a significant contribution to addressing inequality and engaging with the agenda for social change. It adopts the view that the teaching of geography can promote social transformation through the development of knowledge, skills and values in students that encourage social justice and equity. The paper explores how teaching about social transformation is closely interlinked with teaching for social transformation and considers some of the pedagogical approaches that might be used to achieve these. It considers how the lack of diversity of higher education geography teachers impacts on these issues before moving on to consider how the nature of different higher education systems supports or constrains geographers' abilities to teach for social transformation. Finally, the paper ends by asking individuals and geography departments to consider their commitment to teaching for social transformation.